THE AKROTERIAL SCULPTURE AND ARCHITECTURAL TERRACOTTAS FROM THE UPPER BUILDING AT MURLO (ETRURIA, ITALY)

NEWLAND, DANIELLE MARIE Bryn Mawr College 1994 국내박사

Kernels in the Selberg trace formula on the k-regular tree and zeros of the Ihara zeta function

Newland, Derek B University of California, San Diego 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

There are various kernels that we can associate to the k-regular tree, Tk . Here we will take a few of those kernels and insert them into the Selberg trace formula on Tk . Amongst the results, we find a simple proof for the Graph Prime Number Theorem and a proof of McKay's Theorem regarding the distribution of the adjacency matrix eigenvalues for a sequence of regular graphs of fixed degree whose number of vertices go to infinity. Using a simple change of variables, we are able to find the limiting distribution of the t-values of the Ihara zeta function for a (q + 1)-regular graph. We then provide evidence that, when our graphs are random, the level spacings of the t-values have the same distribution as the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble. And even when the graph is not random, the level spacings of the t-values are the same as the level spacings of the eigenvalues of the associated adjacency matrix.

Implementation of a new middle school model in a suburban K--8 public school district in the southwestern United States: Principal, student and teacher perceptions

Newland-DePrez, M. Suzan Arizona State University 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to examine the initial implementation phase of a new middle school model in a suburban K-8 public school district in the southwestern United States. The study describes the perceptions of those directly involved in the implementation of the new model---the principals, teachers and students. Specifically, the study served to describe how well the intended model was being implemented and what unintended consequences surfaced because of the new model. The new model included more time for core subjects (language arts, social studies, science, and mathematics), an A/B rotation model for elective and exploratory classes, and an Academic Lab class. In designing the study several research methods were employed. Those methods were (a) one-on-one interviews with principals, (b) focus group sessions with elective/exploratory teachers and separate focus sessions with students, and (c) a large scale on-line survey open to all middle school teachers in the district. Data from the interviews and focus group sessions were digitally recorded, transcribed, coded, analyzed and reported in narrative form. Coding was based on identified elements of the program---the Core Program, the Elective/Exploratory Program, and Academic Lab. Data from the survey were used to triangulate the qualitative data and reported by percentage. The study determined that more time is being devoted to the core subjects as intended. It could not be determined if teachers were, in fact, utilizing more simulations or hands-on instructional strategies due to a lack of agreed upon expectations from the district. The study revealed that several unintended consequences surfaced as the new model was implemented; most of these relate to the Elective/Exploratory Program. Teachers in the elective program reported a reduction in the breadth of their curriculum, inconsistent class sizes and negative teacher morale. The study found that there were inconsistencies in expectations and guidance for Academic Lab. A discussion of how student, teacher and principal perceptions gathered in the study compare to the literature related to responsive practices, teacher professional development, scheduling and instructional practices is included. The study may be of interest to those considering middle level school reform.

Exchange, Embedded Procurement, and Hunter-Gatherer Mobility: A Case Study from the North American Great Basin

Newlander, Khori S University of Michigan 2012 해외박사(DDOD)

Current models of subsistence-settlement in the Great Basin during the Paleoindian period (referred to by regional specialists as the "Paleoarchaic") rely heavily on the distribution of obsidian to define the ranges over which groups traveled to procure resources, though Great Basinists disagree over what these ranges actually reflect: the territory of residentially mobile hunter-gatherers or the logistical forays of men for the provisioning of semi-sedentary wetland base camps. Here, I consider a third alternative: obsidian reflects mobility for purposes of social networking and gathering information, and/or exchange. This alternative bears consideration because: (1) the distances over which obsidian was distributed in the Great Basin circumscribe areas far greater than anything observed ethnographically; (2) many Paleoarchaic sites contain only a small amount of obsidian; and (3) the subset of activities for which obsidian was used likely represents only some members of a Paleoarchaic group. Paleoarchaic people often used obsidian and fine-grained volcanics (FGVs, e.g., andesite and dacite) to make stemmed points and chert for gravers, scrapers, and other "resource-processing" gear. By considering where Paleoarchaic groups obtained obsidian, FGVs, and chert, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of Paleoarchaic adaptation that likely includes multiple scales of mobility and methods of resource acquisition. In order to develop this model, I analyze more than 18,000 lithic artifacts from several Paleoarchaic localities in east-central Nevada, focusing especially on chert as a complement to previous analyses of obsidian and FGVs. I find that the technological and provenance analysis of these artifacts may allow the definition of chert procurement ranges that operate within and cross-cut the areas defined by FGV and obsidian provenance, in support of a multi-tiered model of Paleoarchaic mobility and exchange. This research contextualizes obsidian-based models of Paleoarchaic subsistence-settlement within a broader understanding of lithic technological organization, informed by examples of modern hunter-gatherer mobility and exchange. In turn, this research raises the challenging, but fruitful, task of developing new models of Paleoindian mobility, intergroup interaction, and technological organization.

Exploring Goodness of Fit, Mother-Child Relationships, and Child Risk

Newland, Rebecca Pauline Arizona State University 2014 해외박사(DDOD)

Despite the compelling nature of goodness of fit and widespread recognition of the concept, empirical support has lagged, potentially due to complexities inherent in measuring such a complicated, relational construct. The present study examined two approaches to measuring goodness of fit in mother-child dyads and prospectively explored associations to mother-child relationship quality, child behavior problems, and parenting stress across the preschool period. In addition, as goodness of fit might be particularly important for children with developmental delays, child developmental risk status was considered as a moderator of goodness of fit processes. Children with (n = 110) and without (n = 137) developmental delays and their mothers were coded while interacting during a number of lab tasks at child age 36 months and during naturalistic home observations at child age 48 months. Mothers and father completed questionnaires at child ages 36 and 60 months assessing child temperamental characteristics, child behavior problems, and parenting stress. Results highlight child-directed effects on mother-child goodness of fit processes across the early child developmental period. Although there was some evidence that mother-child goodness of fit was associated with parenting stress 2 years later, goodness of fit remains an elusive concept. More precise models and expanded developmental perspectives are needed in order to fully capture the transactional and dynamic nature of goodness of fit in the parent-child relationship.

Factors influencing transition in a pediatric setting: Middle and late adolescents with sickle cell disease

Newland, Jamesetta Alexander University of Pennsylvania 2002 해외박사(DDOD)

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a term for a group of genetic disorders characterized by the production of hemoglobin S, anemia, and acute and chronic tissue damage. Primarily African Americans are affected by SCD in the United States with an estimated incidence of 1 in every 375 live births for the most common form, homozygous SS disease (Sickle Cell Disease Guideline Panel, 1993). The course and severity of SCD are highly unpredictable. Morbidity and complications directly impact the quality of life of affected individuals and their families. A diagnosis of SCD no longer means an early death. The average life span of a person with SS disease has increased from about 14 years in 1973 to a median age of death in the 1990's among males at 42 years and females at 48 years (Bloom, 1995; Platt et al., 1994). This increased longevity has created a new patient population: adults with SCD. Preparing adolescents to transfer from pediatric to adult care settings is an important component of care. Little is known about factors that may influence this process and enable adolescents to achieve successful transition. The Transition Knowledge Questionnaire, a Severity of Disease Index, the Family APGAR Scale, and the Adjective Checklist Autonomy Scale were used to determine the relationship(s) between knowledge about SCD, severity of disease, and family relationships to the level of independence in an adolescent with SCD. Age and gender were also considered. The study was conducted at the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center of The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The sample included 74 adolescents aged 14 through 21 years (<italic>X</italic> = 16.58, <italic>SD</italic> = 1.98) who regularly received care at the center; 77% had SS disease. Multiple regression statistics were used for analyses. Although knowledge, severity and family relationships accounted for only 25% of the variance for independence in the final model, the overall regression was statistically significant, <italic> F</italic>(3, 70) = 7.85, <italic>p</italic> < .00001. Age and gender were excluded. These findings provide guidelines to use in assessing, evaluating, developing and implementing individual transition needs for adolescents with SCD.

Spinoza's intensionalist metaphysics: The convergence of metaphysical and moral perfection

Newlands, Samuel Benjamin Yale University 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

I offer a new interpretation of Spinoza's metaphysics that shows how his ethics and intensionalist metaphysics shape one another. My interpretation resolves a number of interpretative puzzles about his theories of essence, modality, and individuation by revealing the extent to which Spinoza thought that facts about essences, modality, and individuation are all sensitive to how objects are conceived. This appeal to concept sensitivity is motivated by Spinoza's theory of metaphysical perfection, according to which maximal ontological parsimony and maximal expressive plentitude are both constitutive of the metaphysically perfect world. Spinoza invokes intensionality to a previously unappreciated extent in order to consistently predicate seemingly incompatible properties of one and the same object relative to how broadly or narrowly it is conceived. This generates the rich diversity of predications demanded by his plenitude without undermining the parsimonious identity of the objects involved. Thus, for example, both strict necessitarianism and its denial are consistently true relative to broader and narrower ways of conceiving the world, according to Spinoza. Spinoza's moral theory, rooted in claims about power, provides him with a principled way to privilege some of these plentiful concepts of finite objects over others. Likewise, Spinoza's emphasis on moral perfection as a function of improving the intellect is just what we would expect from someone who thought some of the features and furniture of the metaphysically perfect world were so concept-sensitive. Spinoza hopes that his readers, by appreciating how their own moral perfection is largely within the powers of their conceptual understanding, will see how the metaphysically perfect world with all its intensionality is ideally suited for an intellectual life devoted to moral self-improvement. Metaphysical and moral perfection here converge.

Sounding "Black": An Ethnography of Racialized Vocality at Fisk University

Newland, Marti K Columbia University 2014 해외박사(DDOD)

Through the example of students at Fisk University, a historically black university in Nashville, Tennessee, this dissertation ethnographically examines how vocality is racialized as "black" in the United States. For students at Fisk, voice serves as a mechanism of speaking and singing, and mediates ideological, discursive, embodied and affective constructions of blackness. Fisk built its legacy by cultivating and promoting a specific kind of New World blackness through vocal expression, and the indispensability of Fisk's historical legacy shapes how the university continues to promote the self-worth of its students as well as a remembrance of and recommitment to the social justice and citizenship journey of black people through the 21st century. The relationships between expressive culture, the politics of racial inequality, and higher education experiences overdetermine Fisk students' vocality in relation to blackness, in addition to students' agentive choices to express and (re)form black racial identity. This dissertation traces the differences between curricular and non-curricular vocality to foreground the ways that students resist 21st century forms of racial violence and create paths towards the world they desire. The project opens with an analysis of the role of diction in the performance practice of the Fisk Jubilee SingersRTM. The following chapter compares the repertoire and rehearsal style of the two primary choral ensembles at Fisk. The dissertation then explores how the neo soul genre figures in the Fisk Idol vocal competition. The concluding chapter describes students' different renditions of singing the university's alma mater, "The Gold and the Blue." These analyses of students' embodied, ritualized vocality show how Fisk students' voices performatively (re)construct blackness, gender, class, genre and institutionality.

Convergence and Divergence of Attachment and Emotion Regulation During Adolescence

Manning, Nell Newland University of Virginia 2010 해외박사(DDOD)

Adolescent state of mind with regard to attachment has frequently been correlated with emotion regulation processes, but the attachment system and emotion regulation systems are still conceived of and researched as distinct, independent constructs. The current study addressed the question of whether measures of attachment security and emotion regulation capture the same or different psychological phenomena in adolescence by testing whether they function similarly or differently in relation to a range of outcomes. Multi-method data on a diverse community sample of 184 adolescents were collected annually for 9 years beginning when participants were 13. Primary measures used included the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), the Ego-Resiliency Scale, and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. It was hypothesized that teen-mother interaction behaviors would be linked to AAI security, mental health outcomes would be linked to emotional intelligence, and social relationships with peers would be linked to ego-resiliency. Results indicated that AAI security, ego-resiliency, and emotional intelligence generally function differently, although not always in the ways hypothesized. Mother-teen exchange of emotional support, teen externalizing behavior, teens' engagement with close friends, and teen popularity are all domains linked distinctly to AAI security, whereas depression and anxiety in late adolescence and teens' negativity in conversations with mothers and friends are all distinctly linked to emotion regulation. Results indicate several areas of convergence, however. Mothers' and teens' engagement in interactions with each other, teens' ability to ask for emotional support from friends, and teen's depression in early- and mid-adolescence all show evidence of links to both AAI security and emotion regulation. In one particular domain, depression, evidence demonstrates a developmental course in which both attachment and emotion regulation have unique links to depression in early adolescence, then they converge in mid-adolescence, and later only emotion regulation remains as a significant predictor. While results indicate that AAI security operates differently from the measures of emotion regulation used in this study, it remains an open question whether its predictive power comes entirely through attachment processes or whether it is sensitively capturing emotion regulation processes that may also be involved.