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Gender Issues in ICT Policy in Developing Countries : An Overview
Nancy Hafkin Asian pacific women's information network center 2003 APWIN Vol.5 No.-
The paper looks at the importance for women ofunderstanding and getting involved in the formulation of ICTpolicy in developing countries because ofthe high relevance ofgender issues to ICT policy. Unless this happens, it is unlikely that girls and women will reap the benefits of the information age. Research has shown that without explicit attention to gender in policy, gender issues are not considered in implementation. The paper details gender issues in fields generally regarded as technical and gender-neutral, including network modernization, network architecture, network deployment, infrastructure, technology choice, sector liberalization, tariffpolicy, regulation, licensing, universal access, and radio frequency spectrum. Incorporating gender issues into ICT policy needs to proceed on at least two fronts- sensitizing policy makers to gender issues and sensitizing gender advocates to information technology issues. Engendering ICT policy involves many women in unfamiliar territory with unfamiliar issues. However, by mastering the terminology, women can demystify a technical field and discover how to turn new technologies into people-centered development. Very few countries were found to have considered gender in ICT policy. Korea was a notable exception. The importance of WSJS taking the lead on the incorporation of gender issues was underlined. If WSJS fails to do so, national policies are unlikely to fall in line. The paper strongly recommended that gender advocates undertake self-education in gender analysis of ICT and become actively involved in national ICT policy making.