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Namgoong, S. Y.,Son, K. H.,Chang, H. W.,Kang, S. S.,Kim, H. P. 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 1994 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.4 No.-
In this investigation, 34 structurally different flavonoids including derivatives of chalcone, flavanone, flavan-3-ol, flavone, flavonol, and their glycosides were evaluated for in vitro suppression of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and mixed lymphocyte culture from mouse spleen. Flavonoids, mainly derivatives of flavone and flavonol, clearly demonstrated the suppressive effects on lymphocyte proliferation at higher than 10^(-6) M depending on the structures of flavonoid molecules, although their suppressive activities were less than that of cyclosporin A or prednisolone. Various glycosidic substitutions to A- and/or C-ring of the flavonoid aglycones were found to eliminate the suppressive activities of their aglycones, regardless of sugar compositions and positions of substitutions. In concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation, derivatives of flavone and flavonol having 2, 3-unsaturation and at least 1 hydroxyl group showed the suppressive activity. In lipopolysaccharide-induced lymphocyte proliferation, only myricetin was active among flavonoids tested at the concentrations up to 10^(-5) M. In mixed lymphocyte culture, some derivatives of flavone and flavonol with 2, 3-unsaturation were active and especially flavone derivatives showed the higher suppressive activities than those of the flavonol derivatives.
The Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 Induces LC-3 Expression and Mediates Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer
Namgoong, G.M.,Khanal, P.,Cho, H.-G.,Lim, S.-C.,Oh, Y.K.,Kang, B.S.,Shim, J.-H.,Yoo, J.-C.,Choi, H.S. The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecula 2010 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.285 No.31
Wang, H.,Jo, Y.J.,Sun, T.Y.,Namgoong, S.,Cui, X.S.,Oh, J.S.,Kim, N.H. Elsevier Biomedical Press 2016 Biochimica et biophysica acta, Molecular cell rese Vol.1863 No.12
To ensure accurate chromosome segregation, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) delays anaphase onset by preventing the premature activation of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) until all kinetochores are attached to the spindle. Although an escape from mitosis in the presence of unsatisfied SAC has been shown in several cancer cells, it has not been reported in oocyte meiosis. Here, we show that CDK7 activity is required to prevent a bypass of SAC during meiosis I in mouse oocytes. Inhibition of CDK7 using THZ1 accelerated the first meiosis, leading to chromosome misalignment, lag of chromosomes during chromosome segregation, and a high incidence of aneuploidy. Notably, this acceleration occurred in the presence of SAC proteins including Mad2 and Bub3 at the kinetochores. However, inhibition of APC/C-mediated cyclin B degradation blocked the THZ1-induced premature polar body extrusion. Moreover, chromosomal defects mediated by THZ1 were rescued when anaphase onset was delayed. Collectively, our results show that CDK7 activity is required to prevent premature anaphase onset by suppressing the bypass of SAC, thus ensuring chromosome alignment and proper segregation. These findings reveal new roles of CDK7 in the regulation of meiosis in mammalian oocytes.
Characterization of electron temperature by simulating a multicusp ion source
Yeon, Y.H.,Ghergherehchi, M.,Kim, S.B.,Jun, W.J.,Lee, J.C.,Mohamed Gad, K.M.,Namgoong, H.,Chai, J.S. Elsevier BV * North-Holland 2016 Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Vol. No.
Multicusp ion sources are used in cyclotrons and linear accelerators to produce high beam currents. The structure of a multicusp ion source consists of permanent magnets, filaments, and an anode body. The configuration of the array of permanent magnets, discharge voltage of the plasma, extraction bias voltage, and structure of the multicusp ion source body decide the quality of the beam. The electrons are emitted from the filament by thermionic emission. The emission current can be calculated from thermal information pertaining to the filament, and from the applied voltage and current. The electron trajectories were calculated using CST Particle Studio to optimize the plasma. The array configuration of the permanent magnets decides the magnetic field inside the ion source. The extraction bias voltage and the structure of the multicusp ion source body decide the electric field. Optimization of the electromagnetic field was performed with these factors. CST Particle Studio was used to calculate the electron temperature with a varying permanent magnet array. Four types of permanent magnet array were simulated to optimize the electron temperature. It was found that a 2-layer full line cusp field (with inverse field) produced the best electron temperature control behavior.