미국 사법심사제의 위기 : 프랭클린 루즈벨트의 사법개혁;Franklin D. Roosevelt's court Packing Plan

金南均 江原大學校 比較法學硏究所 2005 江原法學 Vol.20 No.-

On February 5, 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt submitted a court reform plan, which was soon dubbed as court-packing plan, to the Congress. In the plan, Roosevelt revealed that he wanted to add 6 more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States and 44 new judges to other federal courts. If the bill had been passed in the Congress, the number of supreme court justices would have been 15. But the Congress turned down the bill and Roosevelt's scheme to reform the court ended in failure. Why did the President try to reform the Supreme Court and why did the Congress reject the bill? And what were the lessons we can learn through the Roosevelt's court packing plan? Roosevelt wanted to remove the road blocks in his New Deal, reforming the conservative Supreme Court. The Supreme Court, consisted of 6 conservative justices and 3 liberal justices, declared the New Deal acts unconstitutional in several cases in 1935. Although the New Dealers including Roosevelt strongly criticized the Supreme Court, they could not have any measure to press the court. After the 1936 presidential election, however, Roosevelt seemed to believe that he had a mandate to reform the court. Right after he was sworn into his second term, Roosevelt wanted to inject "younger blood" into the Supreme Court. However the Congress refused to pass the reform bill because it would twist American democratic system itself. The core principle of American democracy was found in separation of powers. The judicial review was the most essential power of the court to check the other two branches. If the judicial power had not been respected, American democracy would have deteriorated. Fortunately the Congress rejected the bill and the tradition of judicial review could remain intact. Now a judicial reform is being widely discussed in Korea. Although the issue of Roosevelt's court packing plan was different from the current judicial reform issue in Korea, it can be a good example for us dealing with the judicial reform issue.

비·부비동 종양의 신생혈관 형성에서 COX-2 및 VEGF의 역할

도남용,박성용,조성일,윤혁수,박선홍,박영균,권대승,임성철 조선대학교 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.1

Background and Objectives : COX-2, the inducible form of cyclooxygenase(COX), is upregulated in transformed cells and in malignant cells, which have important roles in promotion of colorectal carcinogenesis, invasiveness and angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) may act as endothelial cell mitogen in various cancer tissues. It will increase tumor growth and angiogenesis. Aims of this study were to asses COX-2/VEGF expression and it's clinical correlation in sinonasal tumors and to investigate the effects on angiogenesis also. Materials and Method : The study samples were obtained from surgical removal of 27 cases of inverted papilloma(IPs), 5 cases of IP with malignant transformation(IP-MT), 16 cases of Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) in sinonasal cavity COX-2 and VEGF expressions were assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Synchronism of COX-2/VEGF expression in one tumor cell was demonstrated with double immunofluorescence technique. Results : The expression rates of COX-2 were 37% in IP, 80% in IP-MT and 100% in SCC. The positive rates of VEGF were 29 6% in IP, 100% in IP-MT and SCC. COX-2 and VEGF expressions were increased as tumor progressed, and there is a positive correlation between COX-2 &EGF expressions. All clinical features which were compared are not associated with COX-2 &EGF expressions except malignant change in IP(p=0 028). Synchronism of COX-2/VEGF expressions was noted in all positive immunostaining samples. Conclusion : These findings suggest the role of COX-2 pathway could be involved in sinonasal tumor angiogenesis, which is modulated by VEGF COX-2 may act as autocrine factor in VEGF expression. There is a potential role for selective COX-2 inhibitors in the treatment of these lesions.

자궁내막에 발생한 점막 연관 림프조직 (MALT) 림프종 1예

전균호,조현진,박성균,김천복,김대연,김종혁,김용만,김영탁,목정은,남주현 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2003 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.14 No.4

Non-Hodgkin's 림프종의 약 40%는 결절외(extranodal) 림프종으로 대개 위장관에서 발생하며 이들 중 점막 연관 림프조직(mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: MALT)에서 기원한 림프종은 MALT 림프종으로 분류된다. 위 외의 부위에서 원발성으로 발생하는 MALT 림프종은 매우 드물지만 실제 거의 모든 신체 장기에 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있는데, 가장 흔한 부위인 위 외에도 폐, 갑상선, 침샘, 눈물샘에 발생하고, 드물게 안구, 유방, 방광, 신장, 흉선 등에도 보고된 바 있다. MALT 림프종은 오랜 기간동안 원격 전이하지 않고 국소 병변으로 남아 있는 특징이 있어 치료 방향 또한 국소 병변의 치료에 집중되며, 예후도 림프절 기원의 림프종에 비해 양호한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 저자 등은 자궁 내막에 원발성으로 발생한 MALT 림프종 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 이를 보고하고자 한다. Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma can rarely develop primarily in extranodal sites other than stomach which is the most common site for it. Other rare primary sites are small intestine, colorectum, esophagus, lung, thyroid, salivary gland, lacrymal gland, breast and skin. MALT lymphoma represents a distinct clinicopathologic features: it is usually localized to their original site for a long time and shows much more favorable prognosis than lymphoma at other site, but some MALT lymphoma can arise simultaneously or successively in different organ or give rise to another MALT lymphoma of other organ and can be multifocally disseminated or recurred. We report a very rare case of high grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of the uterine endometrium, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical assay.

복합레진의 중합 수축력과 수복물의 결합양상에 관한 연구 제 3 편 변연누출과 틈새

박남수,최대균,임호남,최부병,우이형 大韓齒科器材學會 1993 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.20 No.2

This study was designed to confirm the influence of the polymerization contraction stress to the marginal leakage and gaps of resin restorations. Ten kinds of experimental composite resins were prepared with varing the filler contents to display the different polymerization contraction stress. A cavity with enamel and dentin margins were prepared on the cervical area of human tooth. Enamel margins were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 1 minute. Experimental composite resins were filled into the cavities and immersed in water bath of 37±1℃ for 24 hours, and then immersed into dye solution. Tooth were cut through the restoration, and the infiltration of dye was observed. Marginal gaps were measured on the light microscope with 100 magnifications. The following conclusions were drawn : 1. Polymerization contraction stress and gaps showed the corelation between them, gaps were decreased by increase of filler contents. 2. There was not exist the relationships between polymerization contraction stress and marginal leakage. 3. Marginal leakage and gaps were larger at dentinal margins than enamel margins.

안와를 침범한 거대한 전두동 점액낭종 I 례 : 증례보고

도남용,박성용,박영균 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

The term mucocele was introduced by Rollet in 1896 and Onodi gave the first histologic description in 1901. Paranasal sinus mucocele is the slowly expanding benign lesion which can occur as a result of trauma and spontaneous obstruction of sinus ostium or ostial tract. Mucoceles most frequently ahse from the frontal sinus and anterior ethmoid air cells, Presenting with proptosis, frontal headaches and reduced ocular mobility, especially on upward gaze. Since it may destruct the adjacent bony structure by pressure, early diagnosis and proper treatment are necessary. Recently we experienced on huge mucocele involving frontal and anterior ethmoid sinus and expanding onto left orbit, which was treated with endoscopic surgical procedure.

Data Addressing 방법을 사용한 동기 BPSK DS/CDMA 시스템

金翰均,金南善 대진대학교 정보통신연구소 1999 정보통신 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

본 논문은 정보에 따라 확산부호를 할당하는 방법을 사용하는 동기 BPSK DS/CDMA 시스템에서 발생하는 다중접속간섭을 제거시키기 위한 시스템을 제시한다. CDMA 시스템에서 사용자 신호의 주파수대역을 확산시키기 위한 확산부호로 Simplex 부호를 사용하며, 이러한 부호를 사용자의 정보에 따라 할당한다. 본 연구에서는 Simplex 부호를 확산부호로 사용한 DS/CDMA 시스템에서 발생하는 다원접속간섭을 제거할 수 있는 간섭제거모델을 제시한다. AMGN 환경하에서 임의의 사용자에 의해서 발생하는 간섭을 해석하고, 동일 사용자 측면에서 일반 수신기와 성능을 비교한다. This paper presents a system to cancel the multi-user interference of synchronous BPSK DS/CDMA systems. In the code-division multiple access(CDMA) scheme, the spectrum of the uster's signal is directly spreaded by means of the Simplex code. And the different Simplex codes are assigned by user's imformation bits. This thesis presents a interference cancellation model to cancel the multi-user interference in DS/CDMA systems by using Simplex codse as a spreading sequence. In AWGN environment, we analyze interence generated from other users and compare the resulting performance with that of the conventional receiver

복합레진의 중합 수축력과 수복물의 결합양상에 관한 연구 제 1 편 : 중합수축력

박남수,최대균,임호남,최부병,우이형 大韓齒科器材學會 1993 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The polymerization contraction forces has a relationship with the contents of filler, and if forces surpass the bond strength between restoration and bonded surface, the failure of bond can be occured. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of filler contents on the polymerization contraction forces and to confirm whether the polymerization forces could induce the bond failure of composite resins to enamel or dentin. Low capacity load cell using strain gauge were prepared and used as a measurement system for polymerization contraction forces. Oxidized alloy surfaces, enamel surfaces and dentin surfaces were used as bonded surface. Measurements of the polymerization contraction forces were done for 1 hour, and a stress at 1 hour after was recorded as a polymerization contraction force. It was considered as a bond failure that the polymerization contraction forces increased and then decreased by the time. The following conclusions were drawn : 1. Polymerization contraction forces of composite resins were decreased by the increase of filler contents. 2. Polymerization contraction forces were increased at thickened resin specimens, but it was not significant at over two millimeter thickness. 3. Bond strength of composite resins to the acid etched enamel surfaces exceeded the polymerization contraction forces and the reduced polymerization contraction forces due to the bond failure were not confirmed. 4. Failure of bond and reduced polymerization contraction forces occured on dentin.

GIS를 이용한 수문매개변수에 관한 연구

정남선,김영균 서강정보대학 2002 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The main objective of this study is to extract the hydro-Parameter of the Tamjin River basin. A GIS is capable of extracting various hydrological factors from DEM(digital elevation model). One of important tasks for hydrological analysis is the division of watershed. In this study, watershed itself and other geometric factors of watershed are extracted from DEM by using GIS technique. The data of topographical map with scale of 1:25,000 and 1:250,000 in the Tamjin River basin is used for this study and it is converted to DEM date. Various forms of representation of spatial data are handled in main modules and a GRID module of ArcView. A GRID module is used on a stream in order to define watershed boundary. Based on the spatial analysis using those GIS technique, it would be possible to obtain the reasonable results of watershed characteristics. The stream network itself of watershed and the other characteristics of stream network are generated, which can be defined by the relationship of flowdirection and cell size of Tamjin River basin as follws ; - the relationship of total stream length(km) between the count of flowaccumulation Y=14633.45^(*)X^(-0.552345) where, Y is total stream, length and X is the count of flowaccumulation - the relationship of total stream length between the cell size(m) Y=23567.73^(*)X_(c)^(-1.112332) where, Y is total stream, length and is the cell size From the above equation, it can be concluded that the optimal count of flowaccumulation is 432 and cell size is 48m for spital analysis by using GIS technique in Tamijin River basin. Also, the results show not only that GIS can aid watershed management, research and surveillance, but also that the geometric characteristics as parameters of watershed can be quantified more accurately and easily than conventional graphic methods.

복합레진의 중합 수축력과 수복물의 결합양상에 관한 연구 제 2 편 결합강도

박남수,우이형,최부병,임호남,최대균 大韓齒科器材學會 1993 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Failure of bond between resinous restorative materials and tooth can be occured by the polymerization contraction forces larger than bond strengths. This study was planned to confirmed that the bond strengths between composite resin and acid etched enamel will be influenced by the polymerization contraction forces altered with filler contents and diameter of attached resin specimens. Ten kinds of experimental composite resins were prepared and bonded to bovine tooth enamel which were acid-etched. The diameter of resin specimens attached were 4 mm and 6 mm. The following conclusions were drawn : 1. Shear bond strengths were increased and then decreased with rise of filler contents, maximum shear bond strength was obtained by the 40% filled composite resin. 2. Unit shear bond strengths of resin specimens bonded with large area were lower than that of narrow area bonding. It was concluded that shear bond strengths to acid etched enamel can be influenced by the polymerization contraction forces.

비소성 준설토의 침강-압밀 거동 특성

박윤균,박병수,정길수,유남재 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A

A series of column test with a silty marine soil mixed with Jumunjin Standard Sand were performed to investigate the characteristics of settling and consolidation of non-plastic dredged soils. Column tests were carried out by using the separable column to measure the grain size distribution of consolidated layer. Column tests were performed with changing the mixing ratio of Jumunjin Standard Sand to the silty marine soil, initial water content of slurry and initial height of slurry. Height of interface of slurry was monitored during tests and grain size distribution tests were carried out after finishing tests. Influencing factors on the particle segregation, eventually to the characteristics of settling and consolidation of non-plastic soil, were analyzed on the thesis of test results. As results of column tests, the mixing ratio of sand to the silty marine soil and the initial water content of slurry were known to affect the characteristics of settling and consolidation resulted in significant particle segregation of slurry. Initial height of slurry was found not to affect seriously to particle segregation.