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Remarks on Japanese Benefactive V - te moraw Constructions
Sawasaki, Koichi,Nakayama, Mineharu 한국현대언어학회 2001 언어연구 Vol.17 No.2
Koichi Sawasaki & Mineharu Nakayama. 2001. Remarks on Japanese Benefactive V-te moraw Constructions, 언어연구 17-2, 285-314. 이 논문은 일본어의 -te moraw ( …해 받다) 구문에 대한 연구이다. Hoshi (1994)는 -te moraw 구문에 대해, 마치 수동구문에서도 두 가지가 있는 것과 같이 직접 수혜와 간접 수혜 구문의 두 가지 통사적 구조를 제안하였다. 그러나, 우리는 여기서 일본어의 수동구문과 수혜구문은 구조적으로 다르다는 증거를 제시함으로서 Hoshi의 견해를 반박하고자 한다. 첫째, 수동구문에서는 부정어 형태소가 수동형태소 뒤에서만 나타날 수 있지만, -te moraw 구문에서는 앞이나 뒤에다 나타날 수 있다. 둘째, 수동문중 ni-수동문에서 공범주가 명시적인 요소로 채워질 수 없지만, 직접 수혜구문에서는 공범주가 명시적 범주인 zibun으로 채워질 수 있다. 셋째 직접 수혜자구문과 간접수혜자 구문의 경우 zibun과 주어 지향 부사인 wazato가 수동문과는 달리, 강한 주어지향성을 보여준다 이러한 증거를 바탕으로 우리는 수혜구문이 두 개의 IP를 가지고 있다는 제안을 한다. 수혜구문이 이중적인 구조를 가지고 있다는 우리의 제안은 다음과 같은 면에서 Hoshi의 분석과는 다르다. 우선, 이 구문이 수동화 현상과 관련이 없다는 것이다. 둘째, Hoshi의 직/간접 수혜구문이 서로 상호 배타적으로 발생하지만, 우리의 분석에 의하면 결속조건 B가 만족되기만 하면 동시에 발생할 수 있다는 것이다.^1) (The Ohio State University)
Similarity Interference and Scrambling in Japanese
Mineharu Nakayama,Richard L. Lewis 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2000 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.1 No.1
Lewis and Nakayama (1999) claim that the difficulty of comprehending sentences is a function, in part, of similarity-based interference, a limitation on working memory. By examining Japanese sentences, they found that the syntactic category, the syntactic position, and the consecutive occurrence of the same category all contribute to the difficulty of sentences. The present study examines the similarity interference hypothesis in Japanese scrambling sentences. According to the hypothesis, the scrambled sentences that reduce similarity interference would be considered easier than the unscrambled sentences. This prediction was borne out. However, the experimental results also showed that sentences with scrambled embedded objects were more difficult than unscrambled sentences. We argue that there are independently-motivated explanations for the difficulty of these sentences. Therefore, the results still support the similarity interference hypothesis, and indeed similarity interference plays a significant role in the difficulty of comprehending sentences.
Combined Analysis of η Meson Hadro- and Photo-production off Nucleons
K. Nakayama,오용석,H. Haberzettl 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.2
The η-meson production in photon- and hadron-induced reactions, namely, γp → pη, π^−p → nη, pp → ppη, and pn ∪ pnη, are investigated in a combined analysis in order to learn about the relevant production mechanisms and the possible role of nucleon resonances in these reactions. We consider the nucleonic, mesonic, and nucleon resonance currents constructed within an effective Lagrangian approach and compare the results with the available data for cross sections and spin asymmetries for these reactions. We found that the reaction γp → pη could be described well with the inclusion of the well-established S_(11)(1535), S_(11)(1650), D_(13)(1520), and D_(13)(1700) resonances, in addition to the mesonic current. Consideration of other well-established resonances in the same mass region, including the spin-5/2 resonances, D_(15)(1675) and F_(15)(1680), does not further improve the results qualitatively. For the reaction π_−p → nη, the P_(13)(1720) resonance is found to be important for reproducing the structure observed in the differential cross section data. Our model also improves the description of the reaction NN → NNη to a large extent compared to the earlier results by Nakayama et al. [Phys. Rev. C 68, 045201 (2003)]. For this reaction, we address two cases where either the S_(11)(1535) or the D_(13) dominates. Further improvement in the description of these reactions and the difficulty to uniquely determine the nucleon resonance parameters in the present type of analysis are discussed.
″Drifting Cups on a Meandering Stream″ in Japan
Nakayama, Yasuki,Aoki, K.,Oki, M.,Kobayashi, T.,Saga, T.,Maruoka, H.,Kato, S. The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2001 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.15 No.12
Drifting Cups on a Meandering Stream (Kyokusui-no-En) is a Poetry Party that had its origin In ancient China, and was introduced to Japan passing through Korea. The flow of the meandering stream was made clear using the flow visualization techniques, surface floating method, PTV and the numerical simulation. At the same time, the motions of floating cup, the floating speed, relating speed and the trajectory of the cup were also analysed by using an originally developed image processing technique. Based on these researches, the model channel was considered. To make this party interesting the channel must has the characteristic that the drifting cups take the random pass and stagnant at the unexpected place. This model channel is satisfied with these conditions and the fluid mechanics consideration is performed on the both points of the experimental visualization and numerical simulation.
Nakayama, Daichi,Mok, Yeongbong,Noh, Minwoo,Park, Jeongseon,Kang, Sunyoung,Lee, Yan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.16 No.11
<P>Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase transition of glycol ether (GE)–water mixtures induces an abrupt change in osmotic pressure driven by a mild temperature change. The temperature-controlled osmotic change was applied for the forward osmosis (FO) desalination. Among three GEs evaluated, di(ethylene glycol) <I>n</I>-hexyl ether (DEH) was selected as a potential FO draw solute. A DEH–water mixture with a high osmotic pressure could draw fresh water from a high-salt feed solution such as seawater through a semipermeable membrane at around 10 °C. The water-drawn DEH–water mixture was phase-separated into a water-rich phase and a DEH-rich phase at around 30 °C. The water-rich phase with a much reduced osmotic pressure released water into a low-salt solution, and the DEH-rich phase was recovered into the initial DEH–water mixture. The phase separation behaviour, the residual GE concentration in the water-rich phase, the osmotic pressure of the DEH–water mixture, and the osmotic flux between the DEH–water mixture and salt solutions were carefully analysed for FO desalination. The liquid–liquid phase separation of the GE–water mixture driven by the mild temperature change between 10 °C and 30 °C is very attractive for the development of an ideal draw solute for future practical FO desalination.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase transition of glycol ethers by a mild temperature gradient induces a drastic change in osmotic pressure to enable energy-efficient forward osmosis (FO) desalination. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cp55467h'> </P>
Nakayama, Masashige,Nishio, Fumihiko,Tanikawa, Tomonori,Cho, Kohei,Shimoda, Haruhisa 대한원격탐사학회 1999 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.15 No.1
It is very important for monitoring the interannual variability of sea ice extents in the Okhotsk Sea because the glabal warming has firstly appeared around the Okhotsk Sea, locating around the southernmost region of sea ice cover in the Northern Hemisphere. In order to develop the sea ice concentration algorithm by microwave sensors onboard satellite, electromagnetic properties of sea ice in the Okhotsk Sea, therefore, were observed by airborne microwave radiometer (AMR), which has the same frequencies as AMSR (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer), ADEOS-II, launching on November, 2000. On this study, it is discussed how to make the image of AMR-EFOV and the video image with nadir angle under flight at the same time, and superimpose the brightness temperature data by AMIt-EFOV on the video mosaiced images. For comparing SPOT image, it is clearly that the variation of brightness temperature is small in 89GHz V-pol without the sea ice types and increase at the lower frequency-band.
Nakayama Mizuho,Wang Dong,Kok Sau Yee,Hiroko Oshima,Oshima Masanobu 대한암예방학회 2022 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.27 No.1
Comprehensive genome analyses have identified frequently mutated genes in human colorectal cancers (CRC). These include APC, KRAS, SMAD4, TP53, and FBXW7. The biological functions of the respective gene products in cell proliferation and homeostasis have been intensively examined by in vitro experiments. However, how each gene mutation or combinations of specific mutations drive malignant progression of CRC in vivo has not been fully understood. Based on the genomic information, we generated mouse models that carry multiple mutations of CRC driver genes in various combinations, and we performed comprehensive histological analyses to link genetic alteration(s) and tumor phenotypes, including liver metastasis. In this review article, we summarize the phenotypes of the respective genetic models carrying major driver mutations and discuss a possible mechanism of mutations underlying malignant progression.