Two different approaches to Sakha passives

( Nadezhda Ivanovna Danilova ),( Nadezhda Ivanovna Vinokurova ) 한국알타이학회 2015 알타이학보 Vol.0 No.25

In this article we compare two different approaches to Sakha passives. On the one hand, we consider how passives are treated in functional grammar. On the other hand, we discuss passives from a generative grammar viewpoint, particularly, how passivization is treated within the framework of Theta System. We show that within the functional grammar framework the category of the passive forms a functional semantic field which encompasses all constructions displaying passive semantics, regardless of the morphological makeup of the predicate. The field consists of the centre and the periphery. The centre includes three types of passive constructions whose predicate is marked with the regular passive morpheme. The periphery contains two types of constructions where the predicate does not bear the passive affix - causative passive constructions and object relative participial clauses. On the contrary, the generative grammar entertains a much narrower, formally restricted view of the category of the passive. Passive is considered to result from the application of the lexical argument structure operation - saturation which is morphologically reflected by the regular passive affix.

빅데이터 변화 이후에도 개인 정보의 재산권적 성격은 타당한가?

Nadezhda Purtova,김미리(역),권헌영(역) 서울대학교 공익산업법센터 2017 경제규제와 법 Vol.10 No.2

본 연구는 개인 정보의 재산권적 성격에 관하여 최근 유럽에서 논의되고 있는 견해를 담고 있다. 필자는 본 고를 통해 기술과 업무를 처리하는 정보의 발전, 특히 빅데이터 분석과 AI 등의 발전이 개인 정보를 ‘강제력을 갖는 사적 재산권이 부여되기 어려운 객체로 만들었다’는 주장을 하고자 한다. 이러한 주장에는 크게 두 가지 근거가 있다. 첫째, 개인 결정에 의한 정보 처리는 타인에게 스필오버 효과(또는 누출효과, spill-over effect)를 필연적으로 끼치게 된다. 이러한 효과는 유전자 정보와 같이 사람들과 관련 있는 동일한 정보의 결과로서 또는 이러한 정보의 수집 및 분석(profiling)의 결과로 나타나게 된다. 이러한 현상을 ‘네트워크 효과(Network effect)라 한다. 그러므로 개인 정보에 관한 정보 주체의 통제와 개인 정보를 사적 재산권으로 규율하는 것이 가능하더라도, 진정한 정보 통제와 효과적인 권리의 행사는 어렵다. 둘째, 재산권의 객체 부분과 권리자 부분에 있어 명확한 재산권의 창설과 운영 역시 어렵다. 이는 유럽이 채택하고 있는 개인 정보의 정의를 동적 방법(dynamic approach)을 적용하여 해석하기 때문이다. 동일한 단편 정보는 특정 상황에 따라 개인적인 것이 될 수도, 그렇지 않을 수도 있고, 특정할 수 있는 자연인과의 관련성이 높아지거나 낮아질 수 있으며, 그 특정 자연인과 관련성이 강해질 수도 약해질 수도 있다. 이러한 유럽의 견해가 정보보호법 목적을 이유로 필연적으로 문제점을 발생시키지는 않으며, 개인정보에 관하여 가장 넓은 정의로 해석하는 것은 완벽하고 효과적인 보호의 목적을 달성할 수 있게 해주는 반면, 개인 정보에 재산권을 강제로 부여하는 것은 어렵다. 첫째, 개인과 해당 정보가 어느 정도의 연관성을 가져야 재산권적 성격을 인정할 수 있는지에 어려움이 있으며, 둘째로는 이러한 관련성의 유무를 판단함에 그 어려움이 있다.

The Berlin-Kay hierarchy in four Turkic languages

( Nadezhda VINOKUROVA ) 한국알타이학회 2021 알타이학보 Vol.- No.31

This article deals with the question of the correspondence of the basic color terms in four related languages -Altai, Tuvan, Khakas and Sakha (Yakut). This issue is considered from the perspective of the theory of Berlin and Kay about the universality and evolution of the main color terms. The importance of studying color designations as one of the basic semantic categories of adjectives is emphasized.

Non-Synthetic Compounding in Sakha

Nadezhda Vinokurova 한국알타이학회 2020 알타이학보 Vol.0 No.30

This paper considers the nature of compounding in Sakha (Yakut), a Turkic language spoken in north-eastern Siberia (Russian Federation), and provides both descriptive and theoretical grounds for classifying nominal compounds in Sakha. The focus of the study is on primary compounds and therefore synthetic, deverbal compounds are left out of consideration. Arguments are offered for a mixed classification of nominal compounds in Sakha based on both semantic and formal features. The main reason for the necessity of a mixed approach lies in the discrepancy between semantic and formal characteristics of a compound. Although a compound can be endocentric (having a head) from a formal point of view, it can nevertheless be exocentric (without a head) on semantic grounds. The following three types of nominal compounds will be distinguished – root compounds, possessive compounds and dvandva compounds. It will be argued that even though a compound has a complex syntactic makeup consisting of more than one word, nevertheless it functions as a single lexeme/word and also denotes as such.

Do Property Rights in Personal Data Make Sense After the Big Data Turn?

Nadezhda Purtova 서울대학교 공익산업법센터 2017 경제규제와 법 Vol.10 No.2

This paper offers an update - from the European perspective - to the debate on property rights in personal data. It argues that recent developments in the data processing technology and practices, specifically, the AI-driven Big Data Analytics, have rendered personal data a difficult object of enforceable individual property rights. There are two main reasons for this. First, data processing resulting from a decision of one person will inevitably have spill-over effects on others, e.g. as a result of profiling, or as a result of the same piece of data relating to a group of people, e.g. genetic data. This phenomenon is also called ‘network effect’. Therefore, true individual control over personal data and also the effective enforcement of the individual property rights in personal data are difficult if not impossible to achieve. Second, creating and managing property rights that are transparent in terms of the object of property and establishing the rights-holders is also challenging. This is due to the dynamic approach to the definition of personal data adopted in Europe: the same piece of data, depending on a particular context, can be personal and non-personal, more or less likely to relate to an identifiable natural person, and with a stronger or weaker link to that person. While it is debatable if this necessarily constitutes a problem for the purposes of applying the data protection law, and if the broadest definition of personal data can achieve the goals of complete and effective protection, enforcing property rights in personal data is difficult. The difficulty lies, first, in determining at which point the level of relation to an individual is sufficient to establish property rights, and second, in tracing the presence of such a relation to a person, the ‘data owner’.

Cryogenic Transformation of Soil Solutions and the Formation of Salt Profiles in Solonchaks of Mongolia: Modeling Results and Interpretation

Nadezhda Kiyashko,Ilyia Komarov,Dmitrii Golovanov 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

IMPACT OF E-COMMUNICATION ON VALUE CREATION IN BUSINESS MODEL OF DIRECT SELLING

Nadezhda Kolesnik,Olga Tretyak 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

Business model of direct selling is the dynamic and complex multi-level structure. Interpersonal face-to-face communication is the key value creation aspect of direct selling business model. Nowadays more and more sellers employ virtual communication channels instead of face-to-face, thus hindering a traditional relational element. The study explores whether usage of Internet technologies for communication with customers brings benefits or extinguish the direct selling industry. The research is based on the quantitative analysis of all-country paper based survey from 5694 respondents. The statistical analysis of total sample revealed that usage of Internet in general does not give advantages for distributors. However, usage of person-to-person internet communication tool, such as e-mail, allows achieving better performance as measured by earnings per hour worked. Surprising is the fact that the most successful young distributors (at the age under 35 years) do not use internet for communication with customers at all. For distributors over 35 years old neither internet nor e-mail usages have got impact on performance. In rural areas users of internet communication tools show lower performance results. In big cities usage of e-mail provides significantly higher performance, but general usage of internet does not. Consequently, the effects from usage of internet technologies for communication with customers are achieved in case of person-to-person communication. Moreover the most productive sellers give priority to the live communication.

Adjectival Tourism Labeling : The Case of the Adygeya Republic

Nadezhda Eliseyeva,Alfred Ogle 세계문화관광학회 2010 Conference Proceedings Vol.11 No.0

This paper examines the usage of the “ecotourism” terminology in the Adygera Republic located in the Caucasus region of Russian Federation. This area is blessed with the natural and cultural preconditions which qualify it as a genuine ecotouristic destination. Thirty per cent of the republic is made up of a special protected nature area including the Caucasus State Biosphere National Park, the biggest national park in Europe, and National Park “Bolshoi Thatch” which is a UNESCO heritage project. It is the home to a unique indigenous culture, the Cherckes people, who dae back to more than 10 centuries, and have relatively been unblemished by globalisation and communism. The current developing economy of the Caucasus region exerts influence on The Adygera Republic: due to its unique geography and history, mild climate, varied anthropological and cultural monuments, the republic is well positioned to embrace and capitalize on ecotourism development. However, characteristics of current tourism position expansion of the region give the impression that nature-based mass tourism is taking hold rather than bona fide ecotourism.

Texture image segmentation based on a binary Gibbs model

Nadezhda Dvurechenskaya,Vasily Vasyukov 대한전자공학회 2006 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.2006 No.6

Korean Peninsula Security and Russia-ROK Partnership

Nadezhda Toloraya 한국외국어대학교 러시아연구소 2010 슬라브연구 Vol.26 No.1