일반논문 : 5월의 기억과 부끄러움 -공선옥의 「씨앗불」을 중심으로

정명중 ( Myung Jung Jeong ) 현대문학이론학회 2010 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.43

살아남은 자의 슬픔 또는 부끄러움이라는 주제는 광주항쟁 이후의 작가들을 사로잡은 절체절명의 화두였다. 그간에 창작된 5월소설 안에서 우리는 죄책감이나 부끄러움에 시달리는 다양한 군상들을 보아 왔다. 아울러 우리는 훼손된 존재들의 비참한 트라우마(trauma)를 통해 부끄러움이나 죄의식이 마치 지독한 바이러스처럼 감염되는 경험에 진저리치기도 했었다. 살아남은 자의 부끄러움이라는 주제는 오히려 거의 모든 5월 소설 텍스트를 관류하는 일종의 기저음이자 무의식이다. 항쟁 이후 `역사적 장벽` 혹은 `윤리적 장벽`보다 `사회적 장벽`이 다른 어떤 장벽들보다 더 강고할 수 있음을 보여준 작품이 있다. 바로 공선옥의 문단 데뷔작인 중편 「씨앗불」이 그것이다. 이 작품은 항쟁의 주역(기동타격대)으로 싸우다 계엄군에 끌려가 온갖 고초를 겪고 살아남은 `오위준`이라는 인물의 비루하고 오욕스러운 삶의 궤적과 그의 내면을 핍진하게 묘사하고 있다. 궁극적으로 이 작품은 항쟁 이후 `위준`이 맞닥뜨린 사회적 `문턱`(차별과 배제)이 불러온 부끄러움의 내적 드라마를 통해 이른바 `부끄러움의 사회학`을 보여주고 있다. 「씨앗불」의 주인공 `위준`은 선택된 `지식인`도 그렇다고 바야흐로 당당한 역사의 주체로서 호명(혹은 재현)되기 시작하는 `프롤레타리아트`도 아니다. 그는 그야말로 비루한 `룸펜`에 불과하다. 따라서 그는 특히 `사회적` 장벽 앞에 적발 당하듯 맨몸으로 마주서야만 한다. 이 장벽 앞에서 펼쳐지는 부끄러움의 내적 드라마는 `위준`이라는 인물 개인의 실존 차원으로 온전히 회수되지 않고, 그를 둘러싼 환경 곧 사회를 향하게 된다. 결국 이 작품은 `이곳` 사회가 여전히 죄스러운 공간일 수밖에 없다는 점, 즉 항쟁 이전이건 혹은 이후이건 그것과 상관없이 사회가 별반 달라진게 없다(또는 달라질 수도 없다)는 절망적 인식을 독자들에게 각인시켜주고 있다. The sorrow of the remains or their shame was the subject that the most of writers after Gwangju struggling have been possessed by. We can have easily found the various characters who were harassed with a guilty conscience and shame in the novels related with the May of Gwangju. For example, `Yoseph`(Yoon, Jeong-mo`s 「밤길」) who constantly worries himself with the escape from Gwangju; `Sangju`(Lim, Cheol-woo`s 「봄날」) who thought himself of Yudas who betrayed the Jesus Christ or Cain who killed his brother: Abel and did nothing but self-injury, finally was locked up in a mental hospital because of the guilty of letting his friend dead in those day; `Park, Yoseph`(Moon, Sun-tae`s 「일어서는 땅」) who showed the original sin like killing father(Oedipus complex) etc. Also we could confirm that `Kim, Jooho`(Lee, Seung-won`s 「얼굴」) or `Jongnam`(Han, Seung-won`s 「어둠꽃」) who as the soldier of the martial law took part in slaughtering citizens without his intend and by means of it were suffering from a mental illness, exactly all were the same victim of a nation`s force. In addition to it, we once shuddered with the experience of contaminating the guilty conscience and shame like severe virus through the tragic trauma of injured people. Indeed we can witness how the pure being were broken and fallen by being caught up in historical accidents: Like as young `girl`(Choi, Yoon`s 「저기 소리 없이 한 점 꽃잎이 지고」) who saw her mother`s corpse at the site of struggling and became a psychosis and an plant-bodied(unresistant) man, `Ji, seongsu`(Jeong, Chan`s 「완전한 영혼」) who let out a scream if a little of condtion allowed after struggling day etc. Like this, the subject of `the shame of the remains` instead is a kind of basal sound or unconsciousness which flowing through the texts(novels) related with May in Gwangju. There is a special work to show that the `fence of social` is more powerful than `fence of history` or `fence of morals` and any other barriers after struggling. Right. It is Gong, Seon-ok`s debut work, 「씨앗불」. This work describes in full `O, Yi-jun``s mean and dishonorable life and his inside. Surely Yijun is not a selected intelligent and not `Proletariat` who will become the fair subject of history. He is just a filthy man. So he must stand against the `fence of social` with a naked body and the shame of inner drama that he felt were not gathered up into his existence being but looked out of environment which surrounded him. Therefore this work makes us realize that `here` we live in is still sorrow place where we must felt guilty: Regardless of fore or after struggling, we could not help knowing that this place(social) will not change(or can not change). After all this work show what is called the `sociology of shame` through the inner drama, which Yijun confronts a social threshold(discrimination and exclusion) after struggling.

대학생 흡연자의 금연경험에 따른 건강신념차이

구정일,김민정,김동희,백정희,안현실,은가희,우혜령,이명희,이수현,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

It has been generally known that smoking is one of the worst factor increasing disease and mortality in human health since in 1950's and nowadays. But regardless of various proofs about social or economical problems due to smoking, current smoking rate has not been decreased in our country. Until now, most of tobacco use and its addiction researches have been focused on the adolescent or adult women smokers not on the university students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate smoking cessation of university smokers and analyze the health belief-perceived sensitivity, severity, benefits and barriers- difference, then to provide basic data for effective smoking cessation strategy for university smokers. The subjects were comprised of 181 university smokers from 15 universities in Seoul. The data were collected by structured questionaires. The questionaires were designed to measure general characteristics, smoking cessation and health belief, based on Ahn(2003)'s result on the Study of Smoking attitude, Behavior and Smoking Cessation of Adult Male and Lee(1987)'s result on Relationships Between the Health Belief Model and Smoking Habits. The data were collected from May 5 to 16. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program. The actual number, percentiles, means, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA were done. The result of this study were as follows; 1. The general characteristics of the subjects of this study The range of age was from 18 to 34 and the averaging age was 23. The subjects of this study were 141 males and 40 females. The religions were Christianity 25.4%(46), Buddhism 12.7%(23), Catholic 23.2%(42), no religion 37.0%(67). The residential forms were living with family 59.1%(107), cooking food for oneself 28.7%(52), dormitory 5.0%(9), boarding house 1.7%(3). Smoking starting age were university 43.1 %(78), high school 29.8%(54), middle school 14.9%(27), in the army 6.1 %(11), elementary school 1.1 %(2). 2. The smoking cessation of the subjects 80% of current smokers showed quitting smoking decision and 20% have not tried. The frequency of quitting smoking decision were from 1 to above 8 and mean was 3.06. As for smoking cessation plan, 54.7%(99) current smokers answered yes, 3.9%(7) said no, 35.4%(64) had no idea and 6.1 %(11) didn't answer. As for the reason of never quitting smoking decision, 71.42%(25 among total 35) have no need to quit smoking and the others said difficulty of smoking cessation. As for the main reason of smoking cessation decision, 54.7%(99) answered for the health, 7.2%(13) family advice, 15.5%(28) girl/boy friend's advice, 1.7%(3) to save money. As for the reason to fail smoking cessation, 56.7%(68) were will-lack, 17.5%(21) stress, 15%(18) smoking mood, 10%(12) withdrawl symptom. As for the smoking cessation method, 85.0%(125) were oneself-will, 2.7%(4) way acquired by mass-media, 2%(3) doctor's prescription, 2%(3) religion's help, 0.7%(1) smoking cessation school. As for the difficulty in smoking cessation, 42.2%(62) were drinking meeting, 23.1 %(34) no alternative of stress release, 12.2%(18) withdrawl symptom, 11.6%(17) having nothing to do, 7.5%(11) friend's encouragement. As for the most difficult cigarette to quit, 67.8%(99) were all-day smoking except the first smoking in the morning, 32.2%(47) the first smoking in the morning. 3. Health belief as for general characteristics Gender - The total point in benefits showed higher in male(28.5177) than female(26.6750). There was significant difference(t=.778, p<.05). The total point in health belief showed higher in male (105.8298) than female(l00.5000). So there was significant difference(t=.345, p<.05). Age - There was significant difference in benefits between age(10's-25.83, 20's-28.39, 30's-32.00)(F=3.73, p<.05). Smoking starting age - There was significant difference in total point of sensitivity and health belief(sensitivity F=4.00, p<.Ol, health belief F=2.843, p<.05). As for sensitivity, subjects who started smoking in the army showed the highest(33.36) and ones in high school showed the lowest(26.96). The total point in health belief showed the highest in elementary school(l19.00) and the lowest in high school(100.98). 4. Health belief as for smoking cessation There was significant difference in health belief as for smoking cessation(t=0.189, p=0.OO2). Sensitivity point showed higher in smoking quitting trial smokers(29.2) than non-trial smoker (26.9). Severity point showed higher in trial smokers (30.7) than non-trial smokers(28.9). Benefit point showed higher in trial smokers(28.6) than non-trial smokers(26.2). There was no significant difference in barriers point.

개에서 이중 결찰법을 통한 동맥관 개존증의 완치 예

윤헌영,정순욱,박희명,박철,정만복,김준영,한현정,황민,노병국,박상혁,장하영,박정윤 한국임상수의학회 2004 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

A ten months old, female Yorkshire terrier weighing 2.88 kg referred to veterinary teaching hospital of college of veterinary medicine, Konkuk University because of syncope, cough and dyspnea. First hematological and serum chemical test revealed thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and increase of concentration of ALP (195 U/L). On 57 days later, second hematological and serum chemical test revealed polycythemia, increase of concentration of ALP (211 U/L), and Tchol (387 mg/dl). Right atrium enlargement, main pulmonary artery bulge and cardiomegaly (VHS = 11.5) were observed in radiographic findings. Ultrasonographic images showed both right and left ventricular dilation and turbulent flow between the descending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in color Doppler imaging. ECG showed left ventricular enlargement, SA block, and electrical alternant. Thoracotomy was performed through left fourth intercostal incision under isoflurane anesthesia. Patent ductus arteriosus was double ligated with 1-0 silk. Cough and dyspnea disappeared on 5 days after operation. Turbulent flow was not found in color doppler imaging of ultrasonography on 10 days after operation. Ten months later after the operation, syncope could not exist any more.

Voice Mismatch Meets Neurolinguistics

Gui-Sun Moon,Sun-Woong Kim,Jeong-Ah Shin,Hae-Kyung Wee,Jong Un Park,Myung-Kwan Park,Wonil Chung 현대문법학회 2018 현대문법연구 Vol.99 No.-

Gui-Sun Moon, Sun-Woong Kim, Jeong-Ah Shin, Hae-Kyung Wee, Jong Un Park, Myung-Kwan Park, and Wonil Chung. 2018. Voice Mismatch Meets Neurolinguistics. Studies in Modern Grammar 99, 85-115. This paper aims to investigate Korean advanced L2 English learners’ strategies for ellipsis resolution during sentence processing. Ellipsis resolution is known to involve several stages of information processing from the initial step of detecting an ellipsis-licensing element by the parser to the final stage of integrating the ellipsis site with the information retrieved from the antecedent of the ellipsis site. In examining these steps, we have manipulated three factors: (i) TP vs. VP-ellipsis; (ii) two types of discourse coherence relations (resemblance(-contrast) vs. cause-effect relations); (iii) voice match vs. mismatch. We found through the ERP recordings that voice mismatch in TP ellipsis elicited N400, followed by P600, irrespective of discourse coherence relations. In contrast, voice mismatch in VP-ellipsis registered N400 only in resemblance(-contrast) relation, but not in cause-effect relation. These findings lead us to conclude that Korean advanced L2 learners of English seem to undergo the full sequence of processing stages required for ellipsis resolution.

당뇨병 백서의 간세포에서 Glucokinase 활성도 및 유전자 발현에 대한 인슐린의 영향

강성이,팽정령,서광식,안규정,우정택,김성운,양인명,김진우,김영설,김광원,최영길 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1993 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.5 No.-

목적 당대사의 조절 상태에 따른 생체 변화를 분자 수준에서 이해하고자 식이 조건을 달리한 정상 백서와 화학적으로 유도된 당뇨병 백서의 간조직에서 혈당수준과 인슐린치료 정도에 따라 나타나는 글루코키나제 활성도 및 유전자 발현을 분석하였다. 방법 스트렙토조토신 정맥투여 후 당뇨병의 유발을 확인하고, 인슐린을 1일 3회 3일간 복강내로 투여하여 상태를 안정시킨 후, 인슐린 투여군은 인슐린 투여 6시간이내에 그리고 인슐린 비투여군은 24시간 후 단두하여 채혈하고 복강을 열어 간조직을 채취하였다. 채취한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 활성도는 인산화된 포도당에서 NADH의 형성을 형광분광계로 측정하였으며, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA발현은 Northern 분석법을 이용하였다. 성적 정상 백서에서 공복상태와 식이를 섭취한 경우에 간조직의 글루코키나제 효소의 활성은 차이가 없었으나, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA 발현은 증가되었다. 당뇨병이 유발된 백서의 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현은 정상 백서에 비하여 낮았다. 인슐린 투쳐 후 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가되었고, 특히 혈당이 정상화된 경우에서 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가도었다. 결론 인슐린에 의한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA을 증가를 볼수 있었다. 당뇨병 백서에서 인슐린 투여 후에 혈당조절이 안된 경우 간조직의 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가가 없는 것으로 보아 글루코키나제 mRNA의 발현에는 인슐린 이외의 다른 요소가 관여할 것으로 생각된다. The liver-specific hexokinase isoenzyme, referred to as glucokinase, is thought to play a key reglulatory role in hepatic glucose metabolism. The glucokinase gene is, therefore, of interest both because of its tissue-specific expression and because of the several regulatory processes that can be analyzed. The level of hepatic glucokinase activity appears to be determined essentially by regulation of the rate of enzyme synthesis, with insulin playing a leading role as an inducer. We investigated the role of insulin for the induction of glucokinase in the liver of diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin 7 days before the experiment. Regular insulin was given by three days intraperitoneal injection at 8-h interval. The glucokinase mRNA in the liver was estimated by Nothern blot assay, as well as by fluorometric enzyme activity assay. Glucokinase activity was not reduced in the liver of normal fasting rats as compared to normal fed rats. And glucokinase activity was reduced in the liver of diabetic rats as compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats treated with insulin, glucokinase enzyme activity were increased. But glucokinase mRNA expression was only increased in normoglycemic diabetic rat with treated with insulin as compared to hyperglycemic rat. These data indicate that insulin stimulates hepatic glucokinase enzyme activity and mRNA expression. But other hormonal or metabolic factors may be contribute to regulation of glucokinase mRNA expression.

중학교 가정교과의 열린교육 활성화를 위한 수업 모듈 및 웹 기반 교육자료 개발

신상옥,유태명,한규정,윤지현,홍정숙,김유정,양정혜 한국 가정과 교육 학회 2000 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.12 No.3

This study is about open and secondary level Home Economics Education which is applicable to field and which includes the characteristics, purpose and problems of each open education. secondary education and home economics education. Based on the ideology of open education, this study will identify the meaning of openness in terms of Home Economics Education reconstructing meaning. purpose, characteristics, curriculum paradigm and curriculum. The instructional model and module which use web, will be Presented as the results of the reconstruction works. The open instructional module in Home Economics Education, which will be operated on the web, is consisted of 1)setting the orientation of curriculum development, 2)instructional model development. 3)rebuilding the Home Economics Education curriculum 4)development of instructional modules and web-based materials and 5)construction of the web-site . Six instructional module begin with critical/emancipatory curriculum Paradigm in open Home Economics Education. use module as a unit of class management instead of 1 class. facilitates nest-type integration which is applied from open education keeping the nature of Home Economics Education. and focus on practical problem and problem solving through reconceptualization with dialectical perspective on individual, family and society. The practical problem solving model has four steps : Identifying practical problems. Understanding the contexts of Problem, Searching for solutions and examining its consequences . Action and evaluation . The web-site has to be developed based on the six instructional module includes those issues : self-identification for reinforcing autonomy and self-esteem. living with famity. living with friends, autonomous living. healthy living, and understanding sexuality.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

CFA Analysis에 의한 구강세균의 동정

정현자,조명숙,지원대 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

충치환자의 병변으로부터 세균을 분리하여 동정하였다. 10종의 세균 CHJ-1, CHJ-2, CHJ-3, CHJ-4, CHJ-6, CHJ-7, CHJ-8, CHJ-9, CHJ-10, CHJ-12이 순수분리되었고, 미국 Analytical Services, Inc.의 Cellular fatty acid analysis에 의한 identification system으로 동정한 결과, CHJ-1, CHJ-2, CHJ-3과 CHJ-12는 각각 Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Arthrobacter pascens, Staphylococcus epidermidis 및 Arthrobacter pascens와 유의성이 0.5이상으로 나타났다. Oral bacteria were isolated and identified. Ten Kinds of bacteria, such as CHJ-1, CHJ-2, CHJ-3, CHJ-4, CHJ-6, CHJ-7, CHJ-8, CHJ-9, CHJ-10, CHJ-12, were isolated from oral cavity of dental patients. These bacteria were identified by cellular fatty acid(CFA) analysis system at Analytical Services Inc. in USA. Similarity index values of bacteria, CHJ-1, CHJ-2, CHJ-3, CHJ-5, CHJ-11 and CHJ-12 were above 0.5 to Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Arthrobacter pascens, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Arthrobacter pascens, respectively.

초등학교의 방과후 보육 프로그램에 관한 기초 연구

정태근,김명철 釜山敎育大學校 學生生活硏究所 1995 學生指導硏究 Vol.16 No.-

Abstract While the administration of After-school Care Program is the increasing places in social welfare facilities, children's house, and A study room, the most of parenta require that it is administrated in elementary school. Nevertheless, it was not administrated not only in elementary school, but also it was not developed. Therefore, The purpose of present study is to provide basic data needed for the development of After-school Care Program for lower grades. First, The Characteristics of After-school Care Program are to protect and control children, complement and supplement school-education goals, and divert children's mind through diverse special and learning activities. Also, it is a pure local-society program. Second, The goals of After-school Care Program are to cultivate a secure protection and interest in schoolwork, and a consciousness of community through a diverse and creative activities and vital plays, and on a close relationship with school, home, and local society. Third, The contents of After-school Care Program are consisted of selective activity, learning activity, consulting activity, friendly relation-activity, physical activity, a work activity, and an event activity. While the administration of After-school Care Program is the increasing places in social welfare facilities, children's house, and A study room, the most of parenta require that it is administrated in elementary school. Nevertheless, it was not administrated not only in elementary school, but also it was not developed. Therefore, The purpose of present study is to provide basic data needed for the development of After-school Care Program for lower grades. First, The Characteristics of After-school Care Program are to protect and control children, complement and supplement school-education goals, and divert children's mind through diverse special and learning activities. Also, it is a pure local-society program. Second, The goals of After-school Care Program are to cultivate a secure protection and interest in schoolwork, and a consciousness of community through a diverse and creative activities and vital plays, and on a close relationship with school, home, and local society. Third, The contents of After-school Care Program are consisted of selective activity, learning activity, consulting activity, friendly relation-activity, physical activity, a work activity, and an event activity.

실비우스 수도를 경유한 뇌낭미충 낭종의 이주 -증례 보고-

김정훈,송준혁,김명현,박향권,김성학,신규만,박동빈 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.4