흰쥐 망막에서 콜린성 신경원의 분포양상과 연접회로

김인범,오수자,나화균,이문용,천명훈 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.1

<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of a novel polymer-free everolimus-eluting stent by nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide film deposition

Park, Dae Sung,Bae, In-Ho,Jeong, Myung Ho,Lim, Kyung Seob,Sim, Doo Sun,Hong, Young Joon,Lee, So-Youn,Jang, Eun Jae,Shim, Jae-Won,Park, Jun-Kyu,Lim, Han Chul,Kim, Han Byul Elsevier 2018 Materials Science and Engineering C Vol.91 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammation and thrombosis are linked to the use of polymer-based drug-eluting stents (DES). The aim of this study was to develop a polymer-free everolimus (EVL)-eluting stent using nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) and verify its efficacy by <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> assessment in a porcine coronary model. Various analytical approaches such as scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, electron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and contact angle measurement were employed for the characterization. As a part of biocompatibility assessment, platelet adhesion and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation were examined. Bare metal stent (BMS), N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> stent, everolimus-eluting N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL) stent, and commercialized EVL-eluting stent (EES) were randomly placed in forty coronary arteries in twenty pigs. After four weeks of implantation, the stents were subjected to histological and quantitative analysis. The N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film used in this study was well coated without any cracks or peeling. Surface hydrophilicity (88.8% of angle decrement) could be associated with the decrease in surface roughness post N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition (37.0%). The platelet adhesion on the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces was less than that on the BMS surface. The proliferation of SMC was suppressed in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group (30.2%) but not in the BMS group. In the animal study, the percent area restenosis was significantly decreased in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group compared to that in the BMS group. The results (BMS; 47.0 ± 11.00%, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL; 31.7 ± 10.50%, and EES; 29.1 ± 11.21%, <I>n</I> = 10, <I>p</I> < 0.05) were almost at par with those of the commercialized EVL-eluting stent. The introduction of N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition during fabrication of polymer-free DES may be an efficient accessorial process for preventing in-stent restenosis and thrombosis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces can help to reduce the platelet adhesion. </LI> <LI> In porcine model, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> everolimus decreased in-stent restenosis and fibrin deposition. </LI> </UL> </P>

Temporal trends and in-hospital outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in nonagenarians with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

( Joon Young Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Yong Woo Choi ),( Yong Keun Ahn ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Young Jo Kim ),( In Whan Seong ),( In Ho Chae ),( Myeong Chan Cho ) 대한내과학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.30 No.6

Background/Aims: Data regarding the outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in nonagenarians are very limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the temporal trends and in-hospital outcomes of primary PCI in nonagenarian STEMI patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) from November 2005 to January 2008, and from the Korea Working Group on Myocardial Infarction (KorMI) from February 2008 to May 2010. Results: During this period, the proportion of nonagenarians among STEMI patients more than doubled (0.59% in KAMIR vs. 1.35% in KorMI), and the rate of use of primary PCI also increased (from 62.5% in KAMIR to 81.0% in KorMI). We identified 84 eligible study patients for which the overall in-hospital mortality rate was 21.4% (25.0% in KAMIR vs. 20.3% in KorMI, p = 0.919). Multivariate analysis identified two independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, namely a final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow < 3 (odds ratio [OR], 13.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2 to 59.0; p < 0.001) and cardiogenic shock during hospitalization (OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 30.3; p = 0.013). Conclusions: The number of nonagenarian STEMI patients who have undergone primary PCI has increased. Although a final TIMI flow < 3 and cardiogenic shock are independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, primary PCI can be performed with a high success rate and an acceptable in-hospital mortality rate.

리튬-필로카르핀 경련모델의 특징 : 행동양상, 뇌파, Fos단백의 발현 및 신경병리학적 변화 Behaviors, Electroencephalography, Fos Expression, and Neuropathologic changes

김영인,이광수,김범생,김용재,천명훈,김명석 대한신경과학회 1996 대한신경과학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Poster Session : PS 1015 ; GI Motility : Pegylated-Photosensitizer Enhances the Effi cacy of Photodynamic Therapy Through Escaping of ATPBinding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

( Jae Myung Park ),( In Wook Kim ),( Ju Hee Kim ),( Tayyaba Hasan ),( Myung Gyu Choi ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Porphyrin-based photosensitizers are most commonly used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, these drugs are exported extracellularly by a cell-membrane transporter, the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), decreasing the PDT-induced cytotoxicity in cancer treatment. In this study, we showed that intracellular level of a porphyrin was increased by its Pegylated form, which enhance the PDT-induced cytotoxicity. Methods: Pancreatic cancer cells, AsPC-1 and MIA PaCa-2, were selected. We also used ABCG2-overexpressed MIA Paca-2 cells. We pretreated them with chlorine e6 (Che6) or its pegylated-Che6, then irradiated with a diode laser emitting at 670 nm wave length with total radiation dose of 6 J/cm2. We measured the intracellular level of Che6 and peglated-Che6 with fl uorescence meter, FACS and confocal microscope. Cell viability and survival was analyzed by MTT assay and clonogenic survival assay, respectively. Singlet oxygen level was quantified with photomultiplier-tube based singlet oxygen detection system. In-vivo PDT effects were investigated with AsPC-1 cell-bearing BALC/nude mice of the Che6 and pegylated-Che6. Results: The intracellular level of Che6 was higher in MIA PaCa-2 than AsPC-1 and MIA PaCa-2/ABCG2 cells. However, intracellular level of Che6 was increased by its pegylated form in AsPC-1 and MIA PaCa2/ABCG2 cells. Cell viability after PDT was signifi cantly decreased in MIA PaCa-2 compared to AsPC-1 and MIA PaCa-2/ABCG2. However, PDT using pegylated-Che6 caused the similar cytotoxicity among the three cancer cell lines. The production level of singlet oxygen was higher in pegylated-Che6 than Che6-treated cells. The tumor volume after PDT using pegylated-Che6 was signifi cant smaller than that of Che6 in AsPC-1-xenograft mouse model. Conclusions: Pegylated-photosensitizer escaped ABCG2 function, which suggests potential improvement of ABCG2-related resistant to porphyrin-based PDT in cancer treatment in pancreatic cancers.

Condylar positioning changes following unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy in patients with mandibular prognathism

Kim, Myung-In,Kim, Jun-Hwa,Jung, Seunggon,Park, Hong-Ju,Oh, Hee-Kyun,Ryu, Sun-Youl,Kook, Min-Suk Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2015 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.37 No.-

Background: This study was performed to evaluate three-dimensional positional change of the condyle using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) following unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (USSRO) in patients with mandibular prognathism. Methods: This study examined two patients exhibiting skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry who underwent USSRO for a mandibular setback. 3D-CT was performed before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 6 months postoperatively. After creating 3D-CT images by using the In-vivo $5^{TM}$ program, the axial plane, coronal plane, and sagittal plane were configured. Three-dimensional positional changes from each plane to the condyle, axial condylar head axis angle (AHA), axial condylar head position (AHP), frontal condylar head axis angle (FHA), frontal condylar head position (FHP), sagittal condylar head axis angle (SHA), and sagittal condylar head position (SHP) of the two patients were measured before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 6 months postoperatively. Results: In the first patient, medial rotation of the operated condyle in AHA and anterior rotation in SHA were observed. There were no significant changes after surgery in AHP, FHP, and SHP after surgery. In the second patient, medial rotation of the operated condyle in AHA and lateral rotation of the operated condyle in FHA were observed. There were no significant changes in AHP, FHP, and SHP postoperatively. This indicates that in USSRO, postoperative movement of the condylar head is insignificant; however, medial rotation of the condylar head is possible. Although three-dimensional changes were observed, these were not clinically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that although three-dimensional changes in condylar head position are observed in patients post SSRO, there are no significant changes that would clinically affect the patient.

이종 면역글로불린인 Artroglobina^(�)에 의한 슬관절의 골성관절염치료

문명상,이인주 최신의학사 1982 最新醫學 Vol.25 No.10

특성화고 ‘인간발달’ 교과서의 인구교육 내용 분석: 저출산·고령화 사회 대비를 위한 인구교육 내용체계(2015)를 중심으로

윤인경 ( Yoon In Kyung ),이수정 ( Lee Soo Jeong ),김민정 ( Kim Minjeong ) 인구교육센터 2016 인구교육 Vol.9 No.1

‘인간발달’ 과목은 특성화고 학생의 인간발달 기초에 대한 전반적인 이해와 이를 토대로 한 직업 세계에서의 발달 지향적 인간으로서의 관계 형성을 위한 교과이다. 이 연구는 2009 개정 교육과정에 의해 개발된 특성화고 인간발달 교과서에 대한 인구교육에 대한 반영 정도를 양적·질적 분석을 통해 향후 인구교육에 대한 교육적 함의를 도출하는 데 목적이 있다. 교과서 분석 준거는 윤인경 외(2006)에서 개발한 인구교육 내용 체계를 수정·보완한 4개의 대영역, 10개의 중영역, 23개의 중영역, 71개의 내용요소로 이루어진 윤인경 외(2015)의 ‘저출산·고령화 사회 대비 학교 인구교육의 내용 체계’를 활용하였다. 분석을 통해 얻은 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, ‘Ⅰ. 인간존중’ 영역에서는 중영역 ‘1. 인권’의 경우에는 모든 소영역을 다 다루고 있었으나, 중영역 ‘2. 평등’의 경우에는 소영역 ‘3) 소수자 평등’에 대한 내용이 다루어지지 않았으며, ‘2) 연령 평등’에 대한 언급 역시 부족하였다. 자료 유형은 거의 본문만을 활용하였다. 둘째, ‘Ⅱ. 가족’ 영역에서는 중영역 ‘3. 출산과 양육’의 경우에는 다양한 자료를 활용하여 모든 소영역을 다 다루고 있으나, ‘1. 가족의 의미 변화’와 ‘2. 결혼’의 경우에는 활용한 자료 유형이 제한적이었음은 물론, ‘1. 가족의 의미와 변화’ 내 소영역 ‘1) 가족구조의 변화’에 대해 제시하고 있지 않았다. 셋째, ‘Ⅲ. 인구’ 영역의 경우에는 다루는 내용의 불균형이 가장 많이 나타났다. 구체적으로 중영역 ‘1. 인구변동’과 ‘2. 저출산’에 대한 어떠한 언급이 나타나지 않았다. 또한 ‘3. 고령화’의 경우에는 단지 자료 유형은 본문 만 활용한 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, ‘Ⅳ. 복지’ 영역의 경우에는 중영역 ‘1. 공적대비(제도 및 정책)’ 내 소영역 ‘1) 가족친화 정책’, ‘2) 고령친화 정책’과 함께 중영역 ‘2. 사적 대비(진로 및 생애 설계)’ 내 소영역‘1) 생애설계와 노후 준비’에 대한 언급이 본문’과 읽기자료’를 통해 제시되어 있었다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 통해 ‘인간발달’ 과목은 특성화고 학생의 인간발달 기초에 대한 전반적인 이해와 이를 토대로 한 직업 세계에서의 발달 지향적 인간으로서의 관계 형성을 위한 교과임에도 불구하고 인구교육과 관련된 내용 영역 간 불균형이 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 이를 제시하는 방식 역시 ‘본문’과 ‘읽기자료’라는 텍스트에 한정되어 있어 학습자의 다양한 자료 유형에 대한 경험이 제한될 우려가 있었다. 따라서 향후 교과서 집필 시, 관계 부처와의 협의를 통해서 인구교육과 관련된 내용의 불균형 문제 해결 및 이를 제시함에 있어서 다양한 자료 유형을 활용할 수 있는 방안을 마련할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 저출산·고령사회 대비를 위해서는 무엇보다 교사, 학생 더 나아가 국민의 인식 변화를 위해서는 학교 교육 내에서의 교육이 중요하다. 그러므로 이에 대한 학교에서부터의 교육이 중요하므로 교육을 위해 활용되는 교과서 집필에 많은 노력을 기울여야 하며, 이 연구는 이를 위한 하나의 방안을 제시할 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study is to draw an educational undertone of future population education through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of reflection level of population education in human development textbook of characterization high school developed 2009 revised curriculum. Analysis criteria of textbook is ‘The Content System of Population Education in School Adapting for Low Fertility and Aged Society’ of Yoon In-kyung(2015) consisting of 4 large sections, 10 middle sections, 23 small sections, and 71 components modifying and supplementing a content system in population education developed by Yoon In-kyung(2006). Study results gained through the analysis are as follows. First, in a section ‘Ⅰ. Respect for Man´s Life and Dignity’, a middle section ‘1. Human Rights’ dealt with all small sections, but a middle section ‘2. Equality’ did not deal with a small section ‘3) Minority Equality’ and also had insufficient reference of ‘2) Age Equality’. As material types, the body was used. Second, in a section ‘Ⅱ. Family’, a middle section ‘3. Childbirth and Nurture’ dealt with all small sections with various materials, but ‘1. The Variation in Meaning of Family’ and ‘2. Marriage’ used restrictive material types, and a small section ‘1) The Variation in Family Structure’ in ‘1. The Variation in Meaning of Family’ was not suggested. Third, ‘Ⅲ. Population’ had the most content balance. In a concrete form, there was no reference of middle sections such as ‘1. Population Change’ and ‘2. Low Fertility’. In addition, ‘3. Aging’ only used the body as material types. Fourth, in a section ‘Ⅳ. Welfare’, a small section ‘1) Life Design and Later Life Preparation’ in a middle section ‘2. Private Preparation(Career and Life Design’ with small sections such as ‘1) Family-friendly Policy’ and ‘2) Aging-friendly Policy’ in a middle section ‘1. Public Preparation(System and Policy)’ were suggested through ‘the body’ and ‘reading material’. Through these study results, although a subject ‘human development’ is a subject for the overall understanding of a base for human development of characterization high school students and for relationship building as a development-oriented person in the work world based on this, there is an imbalance between content sections related to population education. In addition, a method suggesting this is also limited to texts such as ‘the body’ and ‘reading material’, so it is concerned that learners’ experience of various material types can be restricted. Therefore, it is necessary to draw up a plan to use various material types in the solution of the imbalance problem and the suggestion of contents related to population education through consultation with the relevant authorities on writing textbook in the future. To adapt to low fertility and aging society, and above all things, to change recognition of teachers, students, and people, education in school education is important. Therefore, education from school of this is important, so a lot of effort should be put into writing used textbook, and it is expected that this study will suggest a plan for this.

한국인 알코올 의존 환자에서 알코올 대사 효소 유전자형 빈도의 남녀 차이

김성곤,김철민,이덕기,황인복,이현숙,김성연,전은숙,송영상,박제민,최병무,김명정 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Objectives : There are a number of preceding epidemiological studies reporting gender differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence. The author investigated gender difference in the frequencies of ADH2 and ALDH2 genoypes between the patients with alcohol dependence and normal control. Methods : The subjects were 141 alcohol dependent patients (104 males, 37 females) and 138 normal control (79 males, 59 females). The frequencies of 1/1 and 1/2+2/2 (2+ afterward) genotypes for ADH2 and ALDH2 were investigated in male and female between alcohol dependence and normal control group. DNA was extracted from WBC in peripheral venous blood and PCR-RFLP method was used out for genotyping. Results : First, the frequency of ADH2 1/1 genotype was significantly higher in alcohol dependent patients than normal control in both genders. Second, while there was no gender difference in the frequency of ADH2 1/1 genotype in normal controls, in the patient group however, the frequency was significantly higher in females than males. Third, in male subjects with alcohol dependence, the frequency of ALDH2 1/1 genotype was significantly higher than in male normal control subjects. On the other hand, in female subjects with alcohol dependence, the frequency of ALDH2 2+ genotype was significantly higher than in female normal control subjects. Conclusion : These results suggest that while the risk of alcohol dependence is predominantly affected by ALDH2 1/1 geno-type in male, the female ADH2 1/1 genotype is mainly associated with the risk of alcohol dependence. This means that there are gender differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence.

Endoscopy and Imaging Modalities/Basic Science of Gastrointestinal Disorders/Miscellaneous : Changing Pattern Of Digestive And Liver Disease In Korea, 1990-2006 Year; A Single Center Study

( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Sang Woo Kim ),( In Sik Chung ),( Myung Gyu Choi ),( Kwan Woo Nam ),( Jung Pil Suh ),( Jae Hyuck Chang ),( Won Haing Hur ),( Yu Kyung Cho ),( Jae Myung Park ),( In Seok Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: Westernization in many Asian countries have changed lifestyles and diets, so once rare diseases have now become prevalent. The aim of this study is to investigate the changing pattern of digestive and liver disease in Korea, from 1990 to 2006. Methods: We extracted data specific gastrointestina (GI) disease based on the International Classification of Diseases code from the in-patients records at the Kangnam St. Mary`s Hospital in 1990, 1996 and 2006. This hospital is a tertiary-care hospital in Seoul, Korea, which has a capacity of 800 beds. Results: The admission rate for GI disease increased between 1990 and 2006. Overall in-patients were 1,623 persons in 1990, 2,368 persons in 1996 and 4,166 persons in 2006. The mean age of in-patients increased as time went by. A stomach cancer was the most common diagnosis during all periods, but its prevalence has decreased. Colon cancer ranked the 7th in 1990, but markedly increased and now ranks the second. The third was a hepatocellular carcinoma. The bile duct and gallbladder cancer, pancreas and esophageal cancer ranking followed with little interval change. In cases of cancer patients, a regular admission dramatically increased for chemotherapy. The number of patients admitted with pre-malignant neoplasm of stomach and colon increased remarkably with the development of endoscopy. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel discase, and reflux esophagitis emerged form mid-1990s with greater frequencies, yet much below the levels found in the West. The admission rate for peptic ulcer, especially ulcer bleeding remained relatively stable, despite a decreased rate for ulcer perforation. Liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, cholelithiasis with cholecystitis-cholangitis, appendicitis, hemorrhoid and gastritis all decreased. Conclusions: The stomach cancer is the leading cause of admission, despite a recent decline. Colon cancer showed a marked rise. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel disease and reflux esophagitis were new diagnosis with an increased tendency.