유익서 예인소설의 특징 연구

이명애 ( Myung Ae Lee ) 문창어문학회 2008 문창어문논집 Vol.45 No.-

Since 1974, Yoo Ik-Seo has been announcing 10 full-length novels and 70 short novels or so. Four novels of them are classified with an artist-novel. They are 『Saenam Sori』, 『Mingot Sori』, 「Mt. Song(sori) Image」 and 「Pyo Poong」. Traditional Aesthetics and imagination are literary conviction to him. An artist-novel is the novel which examines the self-consciousness of an artist and relation between life and art, depicting the growing-up progress which undergoes the mastery of the artistic techniques. The purpose of this study is to catch characteristics in Yoo Ik-Seo`s artist- novels, by examining artist`s tragic fate, isolation, and desire which completes arts. Characteristics in his artist-novels are as follows: Firstly, his artist-novels` theme is about our traditional arts. Most of people don`t value our traditional arts and artists. Yoo emphasizes that traditional arts are more valuable than those of European and we have to protect traditional arts from European arts. Secondly, Artists in his artist-novels were born with tragic fate and they suffered many hardships. Among them, especially, Myung-Jae distressed himself between art and real life. His internal attitude (artistic attitude) was entirely more stronger than external attitude (social attitude), so he suffered social isolation. However, it`s important that their tragic fate and isolation are the process that turn towards "Complete Art". Especially, they are artists who have a "Visionary ``Soul of Art``". This nickname is on the basis of ``the Theory of Art of Freud``. Artist`s vision was dealt with by Freud, who believed artists in his artist-novels were able to sublimate "Suppressed Desires". Thirdly, the majority of them killed themselves - ``Nam Yeon`` in 『Saenam Sori』, ``Jeong Myung-Jae`` and ``Choi Yang-Soo`` in 『Mingot Sori』. They committed a suicide due to "Frustration about Art". Although they chose death, the consequence of death was "Complete Art" and their "Soul of Art" was greatly intensified. In conclusion, the best significant implication in Yoo`s artist-novels, in which artists have "Visionary ``Soul of Art``", is to wake up people to the realization of ``traditional art``. It`s a pity that this study doesn`t cover all the artists` psychology except ``Jeong Myung-Jae`` in 『Mingot Sori』. If the artist`s psychology is understood obviously, we will be able to discover other characteristics in Yoo`s artist- novels. This work needs to be examined further.

미취학 아동에 있어 신체발달, 손목 골밀도 및 영양섭취와의 상관성

명금희,나현주,최미경,김애정 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This study was conducted to examine the correlation among growth development, bone mineral density, and nutrient intakes in preschool children. A total of 62 preschool children measured the anthropometric characteristics and the bone mineral density of carpus using DEXA. The questionnaires categorized to determine health status, life style, dietary behaviors, and dietary intakes were filled out by children's mothers. The average ages of the study subjects were 62.4 months in boys and 62.1 months in girls. The birth height and weight of the subjects were 50.9 ㎝ and 3.4 ㎏ in boys and 50.3 ㎝ and 3.3 ㎏ in girls, respectively. The average height, weight, % body fat, and obesity index were 111.7 ㎝, 19.6 kg, 15.0%, -2.1% in boys and 109.4 ㎝, 18.7 ㎏, 17.5%, 0.2% in girls, respectively. The bone mineral density in carpus was 0.25 g/㎠ in boys and 0.24 g/㎠ in girls. Proportions of children having regular meals were 69.0%, 94.7% and 69.0% for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, respectively. The major reasons for irregular meal were poor appetite and lack of time for breakfast and snacks for dinner. Most of the children(52.6%) had breakfast with the whole family together, and all the children had lunch and dinner with a part of the family. Most of the children answered they had snack more than once a day, and 64.3% had an unbalanced diet. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B₁, niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B₁, niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. Average bone mineral density in carpus was positively correlated to the body weight, the total body water, the lean body mass, and obesity index, respectively(p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01 and p<0.01). The body weight, the total body water, and the lean body mass showed the significant negative correlation with the animal iron intake(p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.01). The bone mineral density the distal carpus was negatively correlated to the animal protein intake and the animal iron intake(p<0.05 and p<0.05). And the bone mineral density in the ultradis carpus and the average bone mineral density in the carpus were positively correlated to the plant calcium intake(p<0.05 and p<0.05). Therefore, more systematic studies to investigate the roles of protein, iron, and calcium in growth development of preschool children were required.

乳·幼兒의 心理的 發達에 대한 考察

金明愛 제주한라대학 1979 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

I studied, through literature, on emotional, lingual, social, intellectual, personal development of infants and toddlers, and classified their charicteristics by age. The result were as follows : 1-4 weeks : presocial stage that congenital reflex of infants take the initiative 8-16 weeks : Social reactions begin to apear 6 Months : Active differentiation and development of emotion 8 Months : Imitation begins to apear 10 Months : They like to arouse other's interest 1 Year : Begin to use language and good adaptation through emotional change 16-18 Months : Rebellious behavior and ashamed behavior begin to apear 2 Years : Separation anxiety begins to apear and they use languge for express their emotional status 3Years : Increased independency

막걸리와 물의 첨가비율에 따른 증편의 품질특성

고명수,김상애,최영주 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2006 自然科學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구는 막걸리와 물의 첨가비율을 달리하여 증편을 만들어 품질 특성을 검토하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 증편의 부피변화에서 막걸리 30% 첨가군에서 가장 높게 나타나 발효가 잘 된 것으로 나타났고(p<.0001), 높이에서도 부피가 가장 많이 증가했던 막걸리 30%첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났다(p<.0001). 2. 증편의 pH와 당도변화에서는 pH는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 (p<.0001) 각각의 조건에서 모두 유사함을 나타냈는데 막걸리 함량이 많이 첨가될수록 낮아지는 경향을 보여주었다. 당도에서는 모든 막걸리 첨가군에서 발효시간에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보이다가 감소하였다(p<.0001). 3. 증편의 texture측정에서 견고성(p<.0001), 파쇄성(p<.05), 응집성(p<.05), 껌성(p<.0001),은 막걸리의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 높게 나타났고, 반면에 부착성은 막걸리 50%첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났다(p<.05). 탄력성은 막걸리 30% 첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났다(p<.05), 4. 증편의 관능적 특성에서 색의 강도와 기공의 균일한 정도는 첨가군들간의 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 색은 막걸리 50%첨가군이, 기공의 균일도는 막걸리 30% 첨가군에서 가장 높게 나타났다(p<.0001). Texture에서 부착성(p<.0001)과 탄력성(p<.001)은 첨가군들 간의 유의적인 차이가 나타났고, 그중에서도 막걸리 50% 첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났다. 향미에서는 단맛는 막걸리 60% 첨가군이, 신맛과 술 냄새에서는 막걸리 50% 첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났고, 각각의 첨가군들 간에 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<.0001). 전체적인 기호도에서는 texture에서 촉촉함, 부착성, 탄력성이 가장 높게 나타난 막걸리 50% 첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났다(p<.001). 5. 기계적 검사와 관능검사간의 상관관계에서 기계적 검사의 견고성은 관능검사의 기공의 균일한 정도와 부의 상관관계를 나타내었고(p<.01), 쓴맛과는 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.05). 파쇄성은 기공의 균일한 정도와 부의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.05). 부착성은 색의 강도, 촉촉함, 탄력성과 높은 부의 상관관계를 나타내었고(p<.01), 부착성과는 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.05). 탄력성은 색의 강도, 촉촉함, 탄력성과 부의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.05). 껌성은 기공의 균일한 정도와 부의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 탄력성은 전체적인 기호도와는 부의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 6. 기계적 검사간의 상관관계에서 견고성은 파쇄성(p<.05), 껌성(p<.0001)과 높은 상관관계를 나타내었고, 파쇄성는 껌성과 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.01). 부착성은 탄력성과 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.001), 이상의 결과에서 막걸리와 물의 비율을 달리한 증편의 제조에서 이화학적 특성, 기계적 특성, 관능적 특성을 종합했을때 막걸리 50%첨가군에서 품질이 향상됨을 착인할 수 있었고, 현대인의 기호도를 고려하여 막걸리를 사용함으로써 나타나는 특유의 술 냄새와 신맛을 최소화하기 위한 개발이 요구되어 진다. Jeungpyun was prepared with different ratios of makkulli leaven to water in other to examine the changes in its quality characteristics. The results on the heiht and volume of the samples showed that Jeungpyun prepared with the 30% makkulli showed the highest degree of fermentation. As fermentation continued, pH and saccarinity of Jeungpyun batters droped. As the makkulli ratio incresed, L value was decreased; however, a value and b value were increased. In texture profile analysis, the hardness, fracturability, cohesiveness and gumminess were increased as addition of makkulli was increased, but adhesiveness, springness were decreased. In the sensory test, the 50% makkulli had the strongest color according to the texture, the cell uniformity was shown in the 30% makkulli; the highest adhesiveness and springness were shown in the 50% makkulli. As for flavor, the sweetness was shown in the 60% makkulli and the alcohol smell, sourness were shoen in the 50% makkulli. In the result of the overall desirability test, the 50% makkulli showed the highest values. From the results of this experiment, the 50% makkulli mas the optimum concentrations for the observed improvements in the quality.

Phenol Stress,에 따른 Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 단백질 발현 연구

이미애,이명석 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.14

급속히 발달하고 변화하는 주위환경의 영향으로 자연에 해로운 물질들이 많이 유입되게 되었고, 이로 인해 많은 생명들이 영향을 받게 되었다. 이에 따라 생물들은 변화하는 주위환경에 반응하여 stress proteins을 생성한다. 이번 연구에서는 yeast인 Saccaromyces cerevisiae에 환경 유해물질 중 하나인 페놀(2,4-dinitrophenol: DNP)을 처리하여 성장 단계별 protein의 발현 패턴을 two-dimensional electrophoresis system을 이용하여 연구하고 분석하였다. Web (http://www.expasy.org)에서 phenol을 처리하였을 경우에만 발현된 단백질 중 ALD4, GLK1, TRR1 유전자를 확인할 수 있었고, stationary phase에서 SSA2, SSC1, GLN1 유전자를 확인할 수 있었다. 이들의 세포내 역할에 대하여 분석, 토의하였다. Many microbial process are concerned with their constantly changing external environments to which the organism must respond quickly in order to compete successfully. As a response to harmful environmental conditions, the cell may produce additional proteins, often referred to as stress proteins. In this study was analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiue protein expression pattern by phenol(2,4-dini-trophenol) stress. Protein separation used 2-dimensional electrophoresis system. Three proteins (Ald4p, G1k1p, Trr1p) were identified using the yeast protein map on the web(http://www.expasy.org) in exponential phase. And three proteins (Gln1p, Ssa2p, Ssc1p) were identified in statinary phase. The A1d4p has a pH 5.66 and molecular weight 53,974. The G1k1p has a pH 5.74 and molecular weight 55,245. The Trr1p has a pH 5.25 and molecular weight 34,039. The G1n1p has a pH 5.75 and molecular weight 41,616. The Ssa2p has a pH 4.66 and molecular weight 69,380. The Ssc1p has a pH 5.01 and molecular weight 68,095. A1d4p is aldehyde dehydrogenase. G1k1p is glucokinase. Trr1p is thioredoxin dependent peroxide reductase. G1n1p is glutamine synthetase. Ssa2p is heat shock protein. and, Ssc1p is chaperonin.

간호대학생의 임상실습에 대한 인식유형 : Q방법론적 접근

김명애,김효은,남승희 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study is to explore perception types and to understand the nature education by using the Q methodology A Q sample was developed through a review of the literature and descriptions about nursing students' experience in clinical practice. Thirty-six statements made up the finalized Q sample. The P sample consisted of 33 third grade nursing students in K university. Q statements were written on separate cards and were given to the 33 subjects to sort according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sorts by each subject were coded and analysed with the Quanl PC program. A a result, three major perception types, namely, 'alienation of ideal and reality'<type 1>, 'active participation'<type 2>, and 'perception of identifying the nature of the three types. this limitation of ability'<type 3> were identified. By identifying the nature of the three types, this study suggests efficient strategies for developing clinical educational programs according to the perception types of nursing students Clinical education would thereby be more valuable.

離乳食에 대한 調査 : 濟州市內居住 영유아를 中心으로

金明愛 제주한라대학 1978 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

As random samples for this study, 150 married women were taken who lived in Jeju with their last live child aged under Five years. The Study was conducted during the period of July,1978.to August,1978. In the examination and analysis of the materials, it could be found that there were some tendencies and problems in infant feeding ways and weaning practice. The results are as follows: 1. 54.7 Percent of the infants were sufficiently fed by mothers milk. But, the other 45.3 percent were not enough to be breast fed. 2. 54.7 Percent of the mothers started the weaning before 6 months of age and the more the mothers' level of education is increased the time for weaning is fasted. 3. Reasons were dominant on the part of mother for taking artificial feeding (47.3%). They were, in detail, mothers job (26.0%), insufficient milk flow and mothers' health problem (20.7%) 4. Majorty of the mothers' preffered to give infants corns as the major diets. 5. The percentage of those who use nutritional supplements and nutritional medical preparations extremly low, and even more suprising is the fact that only 7.3% use iron preporation.

본교 신라 대학생의 식습관, 식이섭취 실태에 관한 연구

고명수,김상애 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2006 自然科學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구는 2004년 3월 1일부터 6월 10일까지 본교에 있는 남학생 25명(34.7%), 여학생 47명(65.3%) 총 72명을 대상으로 식습관, 식이섭취실태를 조사한 결과로 다음과 같다. 1. 조사대상자는 남학생 25명(34.7%), 여학생 47 명(65.3%) 이었다(Table 1). 조사대상자의 연령별 분포는 남학생의 경우 20세 이하 12% , 21~24세 60%, 25세이상 28%로 21~24세가 가장 많았으며, 여학생의 경우는 20세 이하 40%, 21~24세 57%, 25세 이상 3% 이었다. 가족형태를 보면 대가족이 11.3%, 핵가족이 71.8%, 자취가 12.7%, 하숙이 4.2%로 나타났다. 소속대학은 자연과학대 30.6%, 인문사회대 20.8%, 경상대 8.3, 예술대 25%, 사범대13.9%, 공대 1.4%이었다(p<.05). 한 달 용돈은 남학생의 경우 30만원 이하(80%)가, 여학생은 20만원 이하(57.45%)가, 전체적으로는 20만원 이하(51.4%)가 가장 많이 나타났다(p<.05). 2. 조사대상자의 평균 신장은 남녀 각각 173.5± 5.6cm, 161.8±6.0cm, 평균 체중은 남녀 각각 72.3±14.4kg, 57.9±9.0kg이었다. 비만지수는 신장과 체중을 고려한 체질량 지수(BMI)를 이용하여 분류해 본 결과 남자가 24.2kg/m^(2), 여자가 21.9kg/m^(2)로 남학생이 여학생보다 높게 나타났다(p<.05). 남학생은 정상이 48.0%, 여 학생은 저체중이 22.0%로 가장 많았고, 남학생은 비만 44.0%, 과체중이 8.0%, 여학생은 비만 14.6%, 과체중 12.2% 로 나타났다. 3. 많은 대학생들의 하루에 세끼를 먹는 횟수는 일주일에 2~3번이 대상자의 54.6%로 가장 많았고, 성별로 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 식사의 규칙성 조사에서는 식사시간에서 보면 거의 불규칙한 것이 41.7%로 가장 많았고, 특히 9시 이후에 저녁식사를 하는 경우가 대상자중 45.7%로 가장 많았다 식사량은 '많이 먹기도 하고 적게 먹기도 한다'가 72.2%로 가장 많았다. 식품섭취에서는 '골고루 자주 섭취한다'가 대상자의 29.2%로, 선호도에서는 한식이 75. 0%로 가장 많이 나왔다. 식사하는데 걸리는 시간은 10~20분이 가장 많이 나왔다. 아침식사 조사에서는 아침 결식 횟수는 '매일 거른다'가 23.6%로 가장 많았고, 성별로는 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 남학생보다 여학생의 아침결식 비율이 더 많았다. 아침 식사를 할 경우 밥이 71.4%로 가장 많았다. 간식에서는 횟수에서 남학생일 경우 '일주일에 한번도 먹지 않는다'가 36%, 여학생일 경우 일주일에 3~4번이 34.8%로 가장 많았다. 대상자들 중 43%가 1일 1회 간식을 하였고, 간식의 종류로는 남녀간에 유의적인 차이를 보였는데, 남학생은 음료수(75.0%), 여학생은 과자(37.5%)가 가장 많았다(p<.01). 남학생에 비해 여학생이 음료수(25.0%), 과일(10%)등으로 간식의 종류가 다양하였다. 외식의 경우에서는 일주일에 5-6번이 대상자의 65.3%로 가장 많았고, 외식이 잦아지게 되면 짜게 먹는 경우가 많은데 본 조사 대상자들에서는 음식의간은 '보통으로 먹는다'가 가장 많이 나왔다. 스트레스나 욕구불만 해소를 위한 음식섭취에서 남녀 간의 유의직인 차이를 보였고, 남학생의 23%는 '자주 그렇다', 여학생의 44,7%는 '가끔 그렇다'가 가장 많았다. 이때 먹는 음식의 종류는 '닥치는 대로 먹는다'가 대상자의 52.3%로 가장 많았다. 4. 육류의 섭취는 대상자 모두 매일 섭취한다(66.7%)가 가장 많았고, 종류로는 돼지고기(57.1%)가 가장 많았다. 해산물의 섭취는 1~2회(68.1%)가 가장 많았고, 종류와 관계없이 모두 섭취한다(39.1%)가 가장 많았다, 우유(40.3%) 및 유제품(58.3%), 알류(56.9%), 콩류(47.2%) 모두 1~2회가 가장 많았다. 기름을 사용하여 조리한 음식의 섭취는 1~2회(55.6%)가 가장 많았고, 사용한 기름의 종류로는 식물성기름(85.3%)이 가장 많았다. 채소의 섭취는남학생 1~2번(40.0%), 여학생 매일(40.4%)로 나왔다. 과일의 섭취는 남자 1~2번(48.0%), 여자 매일(36.2%)이 가장 많았다. 음료수 섭취도 1~2번(37.5%)이 가장 많았다. 5. 조사대상자들의 음주빈도에 대한 조사결과 매일 먹는다가 남학생이 68%, 여학생이 45.7%로 가장 많았고, 음주량은 소주 1병이 대상자의 54.0%로 가장 많았다. 조사대상자의 25.0%가 흡연을 하고 있었는데, 남녀 학생 각각의 흡연률은 60 0%, 6.4%로 남녀간 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p<.0001). 규칙적인 운동실시 여부 조사에서는 조사 대상자 중 40.3%가 하지 않는다, 15.3%가 매일 한다고 하였고 남녀학생 각각 40.0%, 40.0%와 24.0%, 10.6%였다. 남학생은 헬스가 가장 많고, 축구, 인라인, 걷기 순이었고, 여학생은 걷기가 가장 많았고, 헬스, 스트레칭, 요가 순이었다. 건강관련 행위와 관련된 수면시간을 조사한 결과 본 조사대상자의 평균 수면시간은 7.1±1.5 시간이고, 수면을 하는 시각은 12~01시였다. 6. 조사 대상자의 열량섭취량은 남자 1507.2±661.2kcal, 여자 1405.5±552.3kcal이었다. 단 백질의 경우 평균섭취량이 남자 65.5±36.7g, 여자 59.2±23.9g으로 권장량의 각각 93.6%, 107.6%로 조사되었다. 평균 지방 섭취량은 남자 55.9±30.7g, 여자 53.8±26.6g으로 각각 총 섭취열량의 39.8%, 33.9%를 차지하였고, 평균콜레스테롤 섭취량은 남녀 각각 400mg, 338mg 정도로 높게 나타났다. 무기질 영앙소의 평균 섭취량을 살펴보면 남녀 각각 칼슘 498.4±296.1mg, 501.0±233.8mg, 인 983.6±536.7mg, 857.1±308.4mg, 철분 14.6±8.9mg, 10.7±3.2m9, 나트륨 4163.7±2119.1mg, 3595.8±1532.8mg로 나타났다. 조사대상자의 비타민 평균 섭취량을 한국인 영양권장량(Korean Society of Nutrition 2000)과 비교해 보면 남녀 각각 비타민 A 120.7%, 115.2%, 비타민B, 100.8%, 115.0%, 비타민 B_(2) 81.3%, 95.0%, 비타민 B_(6) 90.8%, 135.7%, 비타민 C는 82.1%, 88.0%, 니아신은 99.9%, 101.5%, 엽산은 176.0%, 82.5% 로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 대학생들이 영양적으로 균형있는 식사를 하기 위해서 매 끼니 주요 식품군을 다양하게 골고루 섭취하고, 흡연과 음주의 절제와 운동을 실생활에서 적극적으로 실천하여 장차 발병할 위험한 생활 습관병을 예방하고 일상의 생활을 건강하게 유지할 수 있도록 이들을 대상으로 적절한 영앙교육의 실시가 필요한 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits, diversity of food intake and nutrient intake of 72 Silla university students . The subjects included 25 males (34.7%), 47 females (65.3%). This survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. The percentage of students who were underweight, normal, overweight and obesity based on their body mass index (BMI) was 0, 12, 2 and 11 for the males, and 9, 2, 5 and 6 for the females, respectively. The type of favorite snack items was beverage (75.0%) for the males, snack (37.5%) for the females, respectively. The stress solution due to ingest was males (56.0%), females (21.3%). The rates of alcohol drinking in male and female students were 68.0% and 45.7%, and rates of smoking were 60.0%, 6.4% respectively, Male and female students ate meat (66.7%), fish (1.4%), egg (11.1%), milk (19.4), milk productions (11.1), fat (16.7%), bean (12.5%), vegatables (37.5%), greenish yellow (32.4%), fruits (30.6), drinking water (18.1%) everyday. Average consumption of kcal, protein, calcium and phosphorus were 60.3%, 93.6%, 71.2%, 140.4% for the males, 70.3%, 107.6%, 71.6%, 122.4% for the females, of RDA. Iron was 121.8%, 67.2%, respectively. VitaminA, vitaminB_(1), vitaminB_(2), vitaminB_(6), niacin, vitaminC, folic acid and vitaminE were 120.7%, 100.8%, 81.3%, 90.8%, 99.9%, 82.1%, 176.0%, 177.0% for the males, 115.2%, 115.0%, 95.0%, 135.7%, 101.5%, 88.0%, 82.5%, 129.0% for the females. Therefore, dietary guidelines should be made considering nutritional characteristics so as to improve the intake from all of the major food groups and provide a variety of foods in their diets.

제 7차 교육과정 개정을 위한 가정계 고등학교 교육과정 체제 및 구조 개선 연구

김경애,윤인경,장명희 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1996 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.8 No.2

This study proposes a model curriculum for Vocational Home Economics High School in the 7th Curriculum Revision. The model in the study is first drawn from the assumptions that reflect ever changing demands of industrial society for Home Economics education. Another perspective employed in the study is historical analysis that focuses on the evolution of the Vocational Home Economics Curricula from the 1st through the 6th revision. This study also employes comparative research tools for the national level comparision such as USA, Japan, Taiwan, and Korea. The proposed model curriculum in this study is concluded from those step-by-step studies as follows: 1) Problem definition and design in current curriculum for Vocational Home Economics high school ; 2) Needs and roles analysis of Vocational Home Economics high school for the future: and 3) Historical analysis of our curriculum revisions in the past and cooparative analysis with other countries. Authors conducted this research project for 3 month period from June 15, 1996 to September 15,1996. During this period, authors collected the data and information through those methods as an extensive literature review, survey and interview, and curriculum specialist conference. The key and critical features of the proposed curriculum in the study are as follows : 1) In the numbers of department, a proposed model curriculum offers 8 as opposed to 6 in the 6th revision, reflecting two additional departments of "Elderly Welfare" and "Cosmotology". 2) In the statement of educational objectives, a model curriculum emphasizes a more concrete statement to each specific skills according to the changing societal needs. 3) In the numbers of total subject matters, there would be 40 in the new as opposed to 23 in the current curriculum. Among these changes, 17 would occur in the newly introduced subject maters while 11 would simply change the subject matter name. Among 40 subject matter, "Introduction to Computer" and "Home Economics in Vocational Education" would be required subject matter. 4) In the total numbers of required unit for graduation in three years, a model offers 86~132 unit A maximum unit for each subject matter would be 12.

일개 병원 간호사의 암환자 통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도 : A Survey from Korean Cancer Pain Management Project

박현애,고명자,이현숙,김영미,김문숙 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.2

This study was conducted to examine the nurses’ knowledge about and attitude toward cancer pain management. Method: Study subjects of this retrospective cross-sectional survey study were 343 nurses sampled conveniently in a tertiary teaching hospital in Seoul. Seven measurement tools were used to collect data on demographic data, knowledge about and attitude toward cancer pain management, barrier to cancer pain management, knowledge about and concerns for the opioid use, and professional education of cancer pain management. Result: Nurses showed knowledge deficient when their knowledge on the cancer pain management and the opiod use was evaluated using two case scenarios and the 15-item questionnaire respectively. Ninety-five percent of the nurses believe that cancer pain management it a major problem. However, inadequate staff knowledge of pain management was rated as the single most important barrier to adequate pain management by 20.4% of nurses. Only 10.9% and 23.2% of the nurses replied that nursing school’s education and professional education in cancer pain management respectively, were adequate. Conclusion: This study confirms the existence of knowledge deficits and attitudinal barriers among Korean nurses that can impede cancer pain management. This study suggests a need for professional education for nurses on cancer pain management.