건강한 인간의 욕구의 구조적 특성에 관한 연구

고명규 濟州大學校 學生生活硏究所 2003 學生生活硏究 Vol.24 No.-

The purpose of this study is to suggest educational implication of children and student's desirable growth and development with analysis of structural characteristics about healthy man's growth need. The educational implication is as below: 1) The function of education is to complete and keep organic relationship between deficiency need and growth need. 2) Ideal model centered on growth need is self-realizer. 3) Freedom and responsibility is of importance in the view of man centered on growth need. 4) Person-centered counseling style is shaped by the view of man centered on growth need. 5) The view of man centered on growth need is the relationship between I and you, not I-It relationship. 6) The view of learning motive centered on growth need is intrinsic learning. It's guiding strategy focuses on learner's interest and intelligence.

텍스트에 대한 라캉적 태도와 그 실천 : 「벤 벌벤 아래에서」에 나타난 "오브제 쁘띠 아" 'objet petit a" revealed in "Under Ben Bulben"

이규명 새한영어영문학회 2002 새한영어영문학 Vol.44 No.1

This paper is an attempt to interpret Yeats's poetry, which is the representation of either his dream of "Unconscious," in terms of the theories of Jacques Lacan. The primary assumption of this analysis is that psychoanalytical approach to texts is possible; every situation in the text corresponds with every situation in the human mind to which the proper terms suggested by Lacan can be referred. Hence, I think that this comes under one of objective ways to texts. To avoid the rigid and reified interpretation molded into the framework of psychoanalysis theory, however, the methodology of reader-response criticism is applied to the analysis of Yeats's poem "Under Ben Bulben." Lacan thought of humans as discontented beings aspiring to fill their desire that had never been filled. Hence, he decentered Eros which would give humans complete pleasure, and critized Ego's trends to grasp the totality of subject or things. Lacan regarded both the conscious and the unconscious as the same. The former is born from the latter, so speaker's utterance represents his/her unconscious situations, as it can be known well from his noted manifestation that "the unconscious is structured like a language" and "the unconscious is the discourse of the Other." Hence, Lacan suggests the relative freedom that allows analyst/reader and analysand/text to communicate each desire on the level of symbolic order instead of making much of the former or disregarding the latter. This means that there is no "subject supposed to be known" in the world. The condition of desire is lack (manque) and people are each the subject of desire which is that of lack. Therefore, Yeats is destined to want Others to desire. Now we desire to fill his desire and to share his unconscious, and vice versa. Using the ways of "transference" and "counter-transference" of reading text, the former is found to depend on its signifiers as the objective evidences of interpretation. On the other hand, the later focuses that readers subjectively reconstruct the fabula of the text. In "Under Ben Bulben," Yeats's desire of jouissance of art stays on a discontent level (point de capiton), and hints at a "repetition compulsion" for the ideal "agalma" or "objet petit a" of art.

다단 원판형 드래그펌프의 배기특성에 관한 실험적 연구

황영규,허중식,권명근 성균관대학교 기계기술연구소 2001 성균관대학교 논문집 기계기술편 Vol.4 No.1

In this paper, the pumping performance of the multi-stage(two-stage) disk-type drag pump which works in the pressure range from 4 to 0.003 Torr was studied experimentally, and rotational speed of the pump is 24,000rpm and nitrogen is used as a test gas. An experimental study on pumping characteristics of various multi-stage disk-type drag pump is performance. The inlet pressures are measured for various outlet pressures of teat pump. The maximum compression ratios for nitrogen are 1000(multi-stage disk-type drag pump), 740(helical-type drag pump), 90(BSC disk-type drag pump) and 85(OSC disk-type drag pump), respectively. The ultimate pressure of the multi-stage disk-type drag pump is 3.7×10-5 Torr at 0.003 Torr for outlet pressure. The maximum value of compression ratio is 1000 at 0.6 Torr for outlet pressure.

Mycophenolic Acid와 Rapamycin이 흰쥐 사구체 혈관간세포증식과 세포외기질 생성에 미치는 영향

김명수,박제현,하헌주,허규하,서지연,김유선,김혜진,박기일 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2004 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.14

Background: Excess proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation of mesenchymal cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and glomerular mesangial cells cause chronic allograft nephropathy showing transplant vascular sclerosis and glomerulosclerosis. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and rapamycin (RPM) are well known as strong inhibitors of VSMC proliferation, but their effects on the glomerular mesangial cells are not yet clearly understood. This study examined the effects of MPA or RPM on PDGF-induced proliferation and ECM accumulation in rat glomerular mesangial cells. Methods: Mesangial cells isolated from the glomeruli of Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured with DMEM containing 20% fetal bovine serum. Growth arrested and synchronized cells were administered with test drugs (MPA10 nM-10μM, RPM 0.1 nM-1μM) before the addition of PDGF 10 ng/mL. Cell proliferation was assessed by [³H]thymidine incorporation, collagen by [³H]proline incorporation, and fibronectin, ERK, and p38 MAPK by Western blot analysis. Results: PDGF increased mesangial cell proliferation by 4.64-fold. Compared to stimulated control, MPA above 500 nM and RPM above 10nM showed a significant inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner. The IC_(50) of MPA and RPM against PDGF-induced mesangial cell proliferation were around 500 nM and 100 nM, respectively. The collagen synthesis was also inhibited by MPA and RPM, but the fibronectin secretion was inhibited by MPA alone. The proliferation of mesangial cell correlated with activation of ERK and. p38 MAPK. MPA, but not RPM, inhibited ERK and p38 MAPK activation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that MPA and RPM significantly inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation and ECM production in rat glomerular mesangial cells. The inhibitory effects of MPA, but not RPM, are correlated with ERK and p38 MAPK.

예이츠의「장미」에 대한 원형적 접근 : C.G. Jung의 이론을 중심으로 In the light of C. G. Jung's theory

이규명 釜山外國語大學校 語文學硏究所 1999 外大語文論集 Vol.14 No.-

ABSTRACTThe aim of this thesis is to interpret The Rose on the basis of Jung's theory centered on the archetypal aspects, which are represented in the text converted to the stage of 'Unconscious', a writer's dream. Here there is the justification of the application of his theory to the text. The kinds of archetypes are anima, animus, the Self, persona, shadow, wise man/woman, initiation, parenting and etc.In the thesis, the four poems without using the signifier of 'rose' as each theme in The Rose axe interpreted: "Fergus and The Druid," "The Lake Isle of Innisfree," "When You are old," and "The Lamentation of The Old Pensioner." As yet, they are neglectfully valued, since critics and readers are much preoccupied in the point that Yeat said that The Rose represents his ex-lover, Maud Gonne, resulting in easily identifing The Rose with her without the process of critical analysis or survey. This causes from the blind or dull views of critics/readers.In "Fergus and The Druid," the former is the archetype of 'persona' as the social position of king to reign over phenomenal or visible order and the latter that of 'wise man' to pursue supreme truth of universe, which is the representation of individualization of 'the Self.' Thus their relations are contradictory and inconsistent. The latter provides "little bag of dreams" for the former longing for an eternal thing, which can be converted to the sublime object of rose. This exemplifies the conflict between 'persona' and 'the Self.'For "The Lake of Innisfree," because of its poetic transparency or clarity, every critic or reader carlessly tends to think of it as a typical lyric. But the isle, "Innisfree", is the poetic space or primordial stage/point in which all archetypes reside and play. It functions as a snug shelter of a hometown to comfort man/woman with terrible trauma or horrible experience from social life, which involves the frustration of the pursuit of the valuable object of rose.In "When You Are Old," the poetic narrator promises the lasting concern on 'persona' sticking to beauty and 'ego' losing beauty in the transition of time. That is to say, he loves not only the weather-beaten object without beauty but also the object coated with skin deep beauty. Here the object means a withered or superficial rose.In "The Lamentation of The Old Pensioner," we think of the archetype of "broken tree as a castrated phallus which represents "the old pensioner" and means an impotent man, The erotic and lively object of rose for which the poetic narrator chases deviates from his boundary and is recurred only in his deep-rooted memory. The aim of this thesis is to interpret The Rose on the basis of Jung's theory centered on the archetypal aspects, which are represented in the text converted to the stage of 'Unconscious', a writer's dream. Here there is the justification of the application of his theory to the text. The kinds of archetypes are anima, animus, the Self, persona, shadow, wise man/woman, initiation, parenting and etc. In the thesis, the four poems without using the signifier of 'rose' as each theme in The Rose are interpreted: "Fergus and The Druid," "The Lake Isle of Innisfree," "When You are old," and "The Lamentation of The Old Pensioner." As yet, they are neglectfully valued, since critics and readers are much preoccupied in the point that Yeat said that The Rose represents his ex-lover, Maud Gonne, resulting in easily identifing The Rose with her without the process of critical analysis or survey, This causes from the blind or dull views of critics/readers. In "Fergus and The Druid," the former is the archetype of 'persona' as the social position of king to reign over phenomenal or visible order and the latter that of 'wise man' to pursue supreme truth of universe, which is the representation of individualization of 'the Self.' Thus their relations are contradictory and inconsistent. The latter provides "little bag of dreams" for the former longing for an eternal thing, which can be converted to the sublime object of rose. This exemplifies the conflict between 'persona' and 'the Self.' For "The Lake of Innisfree," because of its poetic transparency or clarity, every critic or reader carlessly tends to think of it as a typical Iyric. But the isle, "Innisfree", is the poetic space or primordial stage/point in which all archetypes reside and play It functions as a snug shelter of a hometown to comfort man/woman with terrible trauma or horrible experience from social life, which involves the frustration of the pursuit of the valuable object of rose. In "When You Are Old," the poetic narrator promises the lasting concern on 'persona' sticking to beauty and 'ego' losing beauty in the transition of time. That is to say, he loves not only the weather-beaten object without beauty but also the object coated with skin deep beauty. Here the object means a withered or superficial rose. In "The Lamentation of The Old Pensioner," we think of the archetype of "broken tree as a castrated phallus which represents "the old pensioner" and means an impotent man, The erotic and lively object of rose for which the poetic narrator chases deviates from his boundary and is recurred only in his deep-rooted memory.

심층의 시학 : 예이츠 시에 대한 융 (C. G. Jung) 적 실천 A Jungian Practice to Yeats' Poetry

이규명 한국현대영어영문학회 2002 현대영어영문학 Vol.46 No.2

C. G Jung's analytical psychology is basically different from Freud's psychoanalysis in that the former is in pursuit of causation of daily events and the latter heads for synchronity of pre-history. Accordingly, Freudian positions focus on subjective experiences of history, while Jungian positions center on objective experiences of myth as racial memory far away from history. In the sense Freud's unconscious is concerned with dissatisfaction resulting from the conflicting relation between desire and real world, and Jung's is associated with archetypal qualities to completeness of self. Thus Marxism is believed to be related to Freudian theories that external and real world forms motives of unconscious and Jungian theories, centering on internal and primordial world that makes up base of real world, communicate with occultism and alchemy. When we think of the relation between literature and Jungian theories, we often remind of the practices of archetypal criticism born from Northrop Frye. But the meanings of archetypes argued by Jung and Frye are very different in that the former points out that archetypes clinically serve to accomplish process of individuation through quest of collective unconscious, while the latter reveals that all symbols are literarily converged into universal archetypes, taking such conventional examples as river symbolizes death and rebirth and sun energy and father principle. Of course there are their common points that archetypes imply mythical elements having no relation with real world. In the sense the way that Jungian theories can be applied to literary text is to analyse the symbols as agents of archetypes revealed in Yeats' poetry and amplify our poetic imagination to the meanings of their origin, overcoming 'epistemological obstacle' resulting from Lockian tabula rasa, while Fyre's theories overly adhere to myths of hero that usually go through the trials of quest, initiation(separation, transformation, and return), and sacrificial scapegoat. In the view of Jungian theories, in 「The Lake Isle of Innisfree」, "Innisfree" means maternal space comforting poetic narrator for frustrated idea in the real world. In 「Tower」, poetic narrator longs for completeness of individuation or restoration of self going through transcendence and integration. In 「Lamentation of The Old Pensioner」, "broken tree" means both libidinal retrogression and restoration, so here we find spiritual sublimation of libido as revealed in "my chair was nearest to the fire/ in every company." In 「Fergus and The Druid」, poetic narrator admires "Druid" symbolizing 'wise man' as a major archetype, since he wants to escape from his 'persona' and to remove his characteristic mask. In 「When you are old」, beauty is favored as essential system rather than formal system meaning skin-deep modes. In 「Leda and The Swan」, the episode of "swan" reminding us of the mythic event of between Zeus and Leda, the queen of Sparta in Greek myth means greek tradition attacking and ruling over western society possibly displaced as "Leda", so "a shudder in the loins" means the extension and acception of divinity.

우리나라 中小企業의 財務構造 改善方案에 관한 硏究

崔明奎 漢城大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

With successful achievement of economic development in Korea, many small firms have been experienced high growth, and then, they are in need to the great edmand for working capital. However, they have the chronically vicious circle of finacing capital to expand their equipment and plants. Of various factors to press on working capital, the most important factor is due to uneasy financing of long-term, stable capital throuth direct finance. That is, due to the controlled factors, small business can depend on only short-term capital by mean o indirect finace not direct finance, and, as a result, they are faced to get worse off their financial structure. Thus, throuth this study, I am going to analyze the efficiency of direct finance to the small business in the capital market and many-sided approaches to cspital market while studying Korean literatures and foreign data. Along with the above attemt, finally, my study target is to be fixed reform on small business and its financial structure in Korea. First, to expand financig capital of self-capital, monetary and financial authorities conerned have to support the actively institutional finance or direct finance measures to increase invesetment sources for small firms. Accordingly, in order to give participation opportunities for practically direct finance to small business, say, like advanced industrial countries, government must develop off-board market system actively. Second, with the introduction of new equipments and the promotion of new technology development, efficient operation of lease industry, the support to finance capital through long-term, and low interest loan for expansion of equipment, and, venture capital should be accompanied. Tird, to reduce costs, automation, or protection against manpower depreciation and the reduction of the additional cost to sale promtion should be promoted. Fourth, to expand sales channel, active promotion of small business related to large business, protection through business coordination law for small business which may be sacrified by the random development of large business projects, and sales promorion by public authorities concerned will be required. Finally, in conclusion, small business has the unfavarable shortcoming rather than that of large business according to present situation, structual nature, and issues of the capital market for small business. In spite of the above facts, for the profitable and growth-sustained small business to use easy direct finace in capital market, the positively measures, say, the active development of off-board market system and deregulation of approaches condition to capital market for small business, above all, should be advanced.

1980년대 항공기 사고에 대한 Database 연구

황명신,송용규 한국항공대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

본 연구는 1980년에서 1989년까지 발생된 전세계 각종 항공기 사고에 대하여 사고관련 자료들을 취합하여 사고관련 database를 구축하고, 이들 자료들로 부터 항공기 사고관련 원인을 분석하여 항공기 사고 발생을 방지할 수 있는 자료들을 제공하기 위한 것이다. In this paper we present the Aircraft Accident Database which had been occurred from 1980 to 1989. From this Database, we analyse the possible Aircraft Accident reasons, and represent some special topics on accident.

실험적 녹농균성 각막염에 대한 Cefotetan의 치료 효과

오명주,박정규,백태현,최대경 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1988 충남의대잡지 Vol.15 No.2

This study was carried out for the purpose of evaluation of effect of cefotetan against the pseudomonas induced keratitis. The corneal infection caused by pseudomonas organisms have a poor prognosis and their increased prevalence and general resistance to therapy make them a serious problem for to ophthalmologists. So, the author introduced experimental keratitis in the rabbit cornea by Ps. aeruginosa and Compared effects of the cefotetan and tobramycin. The cefotetan is a new antibiotic of cephalosporin system which is effective in vivo and vitro against not only gram positive but also gram negative organism and is stable against the β-lactamase. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Clinically, cefotetan and gentamicin were both effective against experimentally induced .pseudomonas keratitis and there was no significant difference between the efficacy of cefotetan and that of tobramycin. 2. In culture study, the test after treatment showed significantly fewer colonies on the platesfrom the cefotetan, tobramycin treated groups than those from the saline treated group, and there was no significant difference between cefotetan treated, and tobramycin treated group.

Ode on a Grecian Urn의 다시 읽기 : 그 신화에 대한 저항

이규명 신영어영문학회 2000 신영어영문학 Vol.16 No.-

The aim of this thesis is to re-interpret Keats' Ode on a Grecian Urn which has still been mystified by most of critics and readers who have mainly been pinned down to the mythic parts of the poem. This is the emotional fallacy that used to be forbidden by New-Criticism, and the impressive way which appears among blind critics and readers, lack of poetic insight. The two faults often caused from getting to the poem stems from a kind of overflowing Romanticism. But to re-interpret the poem is a trial of the criticism of 'Readers' response', leading to a practice of what we call ‘deconstruction’ to renew and supplement the established ideas of the poem, refusing a minority of authoritative interpretations of it, and resulting in “death of author.”The faults can be squarely contradictory with Keats’ positions of poetics to Things: negative capability and empirical attitude, which get rid of critics’ and readers’ intention or imagination far away from Things or phenomena. Namely, this is to check the excessively emotional interference of the interpretive community to the poem whose nature seems to be concerned with Phenomenology favoring epoche(stopping one’s decision) and reducing to the nature of Dasein(given Things). For its alternative, T. S. Eliot’s ‘objective correlative’ is properly favored that aims to link poetic things to Things. For the first stanza, Harold Bloom tells us the mythic level centering on the patterns of the “Urn.” But we approach the stanza for phenomenological level. Here “Urn” is an art in itself visible to us. The second stanza, Bloom welcomes rhetorical oxymoron and tends to adhere to it. And Kenneth Burke contrasts sensuals with spirituals. But we see that Keats regrets the contemporaries’ vulgarity and blindness for art, as shown in a few critics(especially, Sanders and Claire Lamont)’ research. From the third stanza, Burke separates secular things from transcendental things. But we finds the poet’s fate of being forced to keep on singing regardless of his contemporaries’ concerns and tastes, which shows Keats' agony losing universality and popularity for his works. The forth stanza reminds Cleanth Blooks of a sacrifice-ritual by archaic custom and unreasonably leads him to mythic level. But we find the tragic end of a poet as a scape-goat. In the result, the angry God cursed and devastated the community in which the poet was persecuted to death. The fifth stanza hits to Paul H. Fry that there are a static situation and sensual mood in it. Here we find that the “Urn” is sublimated to an artistic, supreme being and the poetic narrator regrets and rebukes the blind critics and readers unable to grasp its entity or nature. In conclusion, Keats foregrounds the “Urn” and backgrounds significance of art and simultaneously sets mythic historicity and contemporary presentness in parallel. The mythic elements remarkably fore-grounded in the poem forces critics to mislead to the mystified level of the “Urn” so that if they can’t grasp it, they are alienated from the poetic truth of the “Urn.” This is concerned with the oracular message to blind and foolish critics and readers over centuries : “Beauty is truth, truth beauty, - that is all / Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."