YAKUZA IN POST‐WAR JAPAN : REPRESSION OF ORGANIZED CRIME AS THE STRENGTHENING OF STATE MONOPOLY OF POWER WITH REFERENCE TO BRAZILIAN CASE

Mutsuo Yamada 한양대학교 일본학국제비교연구소 2008 비교일본학 Vol.18 No.-

To be presented after confirmation of acceptability Theoretical premises: Norbert Elias, post‐Marxist interpretation of the relationship between state, violence and capitalism. Historical Background: The social function of Yakuza groups and their social background since Edo Era down to the present Case study: The rise and fall (?) of Yamaguchi‐gumi and its involvement in politics and economy in the post‐War period. Gun and narcotics control and the suppressive legislations againt organized crime today. Conclusion

Climate change and vector-borne infectious diseases: Future prospect of northern expansion of vector mosquitoe

Mutsuo Kobayashi,Osamu Komagata,Naoko Nihei 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10

Vector-borne diseases are transmitted to humans by blood-feeding arthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. These cold-blooded animals are influenced by environmental change. A recent report by IPCC showed that the emission of greenhouse gases has already changed world climates. Heat waves in Europe, rises in global mean sea level, summer droughts and wild fires, more intense precipitation, and increasing numbers of large cyclones, hurricanes and typhoon may be typical example of extreme climate phenomena related to global warming. High temperatures during winter season may increase survival rate among arthropod vectors in Temperate Zone. Warming may accelerate the spread of mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus in the northern parts of Japan and European countries. The spread of the mosquito vector through global used-tire trading in recent decades to Africa, the Mideast, Europe, and North and South America caused an outbreak of Chikungunya fever in north Italy in 2007.

Ambroxol inhibits rhinovirus infection in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells

Mutsuo Yamaya,Hidekazu Nishimura,Lusamba Kalonji Nadine,Chiharu Ota,Hiroshi Kubo,Ryoichi Nagatomi 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.4

The mucolytic drug ambroxol hydrochloridereduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines andthe frequency of exacerbation in patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, theinhibitory effects of ambroxol on rhinovirus infection, themajor cause of COPD exacerbations, have not been studied. We examined the effects of ambroxol on type 14rhinovirus (RV14) infection, a major RV group, in primarycultures of human tracheal epithelial cells. RV14 infectionincreased virus titers and cytokine content in the supernatantsand RV14 RNA in the cells. Ambroxol (100 nM)reduced RV14 titers and cytokine concentrations of interleukin(IL)-1b, IL-6 and IL-8 in the supernatants and RV14RNA in the cells after RV14 infection, in addition toreducing susceptibility to RV14 infection. Ambroxol alsoreduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), the receptor for RV14, and the number ofacidic endosomes from which RV14 RNA enters thecytoplasm. In addition, ambroxol reduced the activation ofthe transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-jB) inthe nucleus. These results suggest that ambroxol inhibitsRV14 infection partly by reducing ICAM-1 and acidicendosomes via the inhibition of NF-jB activation. Ambroxol may modulate airway inflammation by reducingthe production of cytokines in rhinovirus infection.

Growth and Device Applications of GaAs and InGaAs Quantum Wires on Patterned Substrates

Mutsuo Ogura 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.3

A GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wire (QWR) with optical characteristics superior to those of a quantum well (QWL) was realized by employing metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) selective growth on a patterned substrate by using flow-rate-modulation epitaxy (FME) and tertiary butyl arsine (TBA) as a V element precursor. A narrow (25 × 10 nm2) InGaAs/InP QWR was also fabricated on a (311)A InP V-groove substrate by using hydrogen-assisted molecular-beam-epitaxy (MBE) selective growth, the QWR exhibited enhanced negative differential resistance effects even at temperatures near room temperature. The lasing spectra of a Fabry-Perot QWR laser, together with the optical and electronic characteristics of these QWRs, indicate an extension of the coherent electron wave function along the QWR and the formation of sharp density states as a result of reduced dimensionality. As regards QWR devices, a QWR field-effect transistor (FET) was found to work as a highly sensitive photo-detector. This is because the QWR and the surrounding QWL work as a small charge-sensitive amplifier and a photo-absorbing region, respectively. A gain-coupled distributed feedback (DFB) laser was realized by using a high-density buried quantum wire (QWR) array, that restricted minority carrier difusion along the QWR within a ridge. A GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wire (QWR) with optical characteristics superior to those of a quantum well (QWL) was realized by employing metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) selective growth on a patterned substrate by using flow-rate-modulation epitaxy (FME) and tertiary butyl arsine (TBA) as a V element precursor. A narrow (25 × 10 nm2) InGaAs/InP QWR was also fabricated on a (311)A InP V-groove substrate by using hydrogen-assisted molecular-beam-epitaxy (MBE) selective growth, the QWR exhibited enhanced negative differential resistance effects even at temperatures near room temperature. The lasing spectra of a Fabry-Perot QWR laser, together with the optical and electronic characteristics of these QWRs, indicate an extension of the coherent electron wave function along the QWR and the formation of sharp density states as a result of reduced dimensionality. As regards QWR devices, a QWR field-effect transistor (FET) was found to work as a highly sensitive photo-detector. This is because the QWR and the surrounding QWL work as a small charge-sensitive amplifier and a photo-absorbing region, respectively. A gain-coupled distributed feedback (DFB) laser was realized by using a high-density buried quantum wire (QWR) array, that restricted minority carrier difusion along the QWR within a ridge.

Clarithromycin decreases rhinovirus replication and cytokine production in nasal epithelial cells from subjects with bronchial asthma: effects on IL-6, IL-8 and IL-33

Mutsuo Yamaya,Kazuhiro Nomura,Kazuya Arakawa,Mitsuru Sugawara,Xue Deng,Nadine Lusamba Kalonji,Hidekazu Nishimura,Mitsuhiro Yamada,Ryoichi Nagatomi,Tetsuaki Kawase 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.5

Rhinoviral infection is associated with anincreased risk of asthma attacks. The macrolide clarithromycindecreases cytokine production in nasopharyngealaspirates from patients with wheezing, but the effectsof macrolides on cytokine production in nasal epithelialcells obtained from asthmatic subjects remain unclear. Here, human nasal epithelial cells were infected with type-14 rhinovirus (RV14), a major RV group. Titers and RNAof RV14 and cytokine concentrations, including IL-1b andIL-6, were higher in the supernatants of the cells obtainedfrom subjects with bronchial asthma (asthmatic group) thanin those from the non-asthmatic group. Pretreatment withclarithromycin decreased RV14 titers, viral RNA andcytokine concentrations, and susceptibility to RV14infection. Pretreatment with clarithromycin also decreasedIL-33 production, which was detected after infection. Pretreatment with clarithromycin decreased the expressionof intercellular adhesion molecule-1, the receptor forRV14, after infection, the number and fluorescence intensityof the acidic endosomes through which RV RNAenters the cytoplasm, and the activation of nuclear factorkappa-B proteins in nuclear extracts. These findings suggestedthat RV replication and cytokine production may beenhanced in nasal epithelial cells obtained from subjectswith bronchial asthma and may be modulated byclarithromycin.

Ambroxol inhibits rhinovirus infection in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells

Yamaya, Mutsuo,Nishimura, Hidekazu,Nadine, Lusamba Kalonji,Ota, Chiharu,Kubo, Hiroshi,Nagatomi, Ryoichi 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.4

The mucolytic drug ambroxol hydrochloride reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the frequency of exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the inhibitory effects of ambroxol on rhinovirus infection, the major cause of COPD exacerbations, have not been studied. We examined the effects of ambroxol on type 14 rhinovirus (RV14) infection, a major RV group, in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells. RV14 infection increased virus titers and cytokine content in the supernatants and RV14 RNA in the cells. Ambroxol (100 nM) reduced RV14 titers and cytokine concentrations of interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and IL-8 in the supernatants and RV14 RNA in the cells after RV14 infection, in addition to reducing susceptibility to RV14 infection. Ambroxol also reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), the receptor for RV14, and the number of acidic endosomes from which RV14 RNA enters the cytoplasm. In addition, ambroxol reduced the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) in the nucleus. These results suggest that ambroxol inhibits RV14 infection partly by reducing ICAM-1 and acidic endosomes via the inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. Ambroxol may modulate airway inflammation by reducing the production of cytokines in rhinovirus infection.

Tracheoesophageal Speaking Fistula with Sphincter Mechanism

Amatsu Mutsuo 대한두경부종양학회 1989 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.5 No.1

During the past three decades, several authors reported various surgical techniques for voice res toration after total laryngectomy. The principle behind these procedures is to divert pulmonary air into the pharynx or esophagus to achieve intelligible voice. The resultant speech compared satisfactorily with esophageal speech, which had been the most frequently used method of vocal re habilitation. However, tracts made between the trachea and the esophagus for phonatory purposes risk possible aspiration, unless a protective mechanism provides a sphincter or valve during deglutition. Surgical procedures for voice restoration after total laryngectomy previously reported rely on passive shunt closure or the use of a prosthetic one-way valve. To achieve surgical voice restoration, voice production must be compatible with normal deglutition. During the past 12 years we have been performing the tracheoesophageal speaking fistula operation. We had used the membranous part of the trachea for the purpose of primary voice restoration at laryngectomy (original technique without sphincter mechanism). This paper presents further additional technique designed to eliminate aspiration, using bilateral esophageal constrictor muscle flaps(BECMF).

Full-waveform inversion algorithm for interpreting crosshole radar data: a theoretical approach

Seiichiro Kuroda,Mutsuo Takeuchi,김희준 한국지질과학협의회 2007 Geosciences Journal Vol.11 No.3

Ground-penetrating radar is a useful tool for civiland environmental engineering fields because of its high resolvingpower and non-destructive measurements. This paper presents amethod of full-waveform inversion of borehole radar data forimaging permittivity structures. The inversion algorithm is basedon a conjugate gradient search for the minimum of an error func-tional relating to the difference betwen measured and predicteddata. A small model perturbation in the functional can be efficientlycalculated by propagating the data eror back into the model inreverse time and correlating the field generated by the back-prop-agation with the corresponding incident field at each point. Afinite difference time domain (FDTD) method is used for solvingMaxwells equations to obtain incident electromagnetic wavefields.Back-propagated wavefields satisfy adjoint Maxwells equations,which are stable in reverse time and can be solved by the sameconfiguration, thereby demonstrating its capability to reconstructpermittivity structures. Tests on a two-dimensional synthetic modelproduce good images of target scatterers and show stable convergence.

Three-Phase Voltage-Source Soft-Switching Inverter with Auxiliary High Frequency Transformer Linked Power Regeneration Resonant Snubbers

Hiroshi.Hattori,Mutsuo Nakaoka,Kenji.Sakamoto 전력전자학회 1998 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

In this paper, a prototype of the auxiliary resonant commutated snubber circuit (ARCS) with a high frequency transformer power regeneration loop is described for voltage source type sinewave inverter system. This is a new soft switching topology developed for three phase volt­age source soft-switching inverter, active power filter and reactive power compensator has significant advantage of current rating reduction for auxiliary active switching de­vices. In addition, this paper presents a novel prototype of voltage-source soft switching space vector-modulated in­verter with ARCS mentioned above, which is more suitable and acceptable for high-power utility interactive power con­ditioning, along with a digital control scheme. The steady-state operating analysis of ARCS has the remark­able features and the practical design procedure of this resonant snubber are illustrated on the basis of computer simulation analysis. The operating performance evaluations in the steady-state of this three phase voltage source soft switching inverter are discussed and compared with the three phase voltage source hard switching inverter.

A NOVEL SATURABLE REACTOR ASSISTED SOFT-SWITCHING ASYMMETRICAL PWM FORWARD-FLYBACK HYBRID DC-DC CONVERTER

Satoshi Hamada,Mutsuo Nakaoka 전력전자학회 1995 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.1995 No.10

An improved soft-switching PWM DC-DC converter utilizing a saturable reactor assisted soft-switching technique is presented The converter has many advantages such as low switching and low conduction losses, wide load range, constant frequency operation and low EMI, The principle of operation and its steady-state analysis are illustrated To demonstrate the effectiveness of the characteristic performances, key experiments are carried out with a 150W, 200kHz prototype converter,