Experimental analysis of a two-cell passive direct methanol fuel cell stack

Muralikrishna Boni,Surapaneni Srinivasa Rao,Golagani Naga Srinivasulu 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.1

Passive direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) are applicable for charging portable electronic devices. In passive DMFC, fuel and oxidants are supplied through diffusion and natural convection process. The present experimental work analyzed the effect of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) activation, methanol concentration, bolt tightening torque and stability of the fuel cell stack. Newly fabricated MEA were activated for different time durations of 0, 6, 12 and 18 hrs at 1M of methanol concentration with a constant load. The concentration of methanol varied from 1M to 6M and also bolt torque varied from 4N-m to 8N-m. Further, open circuit voltage (OCV) and voltage stability with respect to time were analyzed. From the results, it is observed that the fuel cell performance was enhanced from 1M to 5M and then decreased. From 0-12 hrs, the cell performance increased with respect to time and then continued the same performance at the 18th hr. From the results, it is also observed that increased bolt torque from 4N-m to 7N-m enhanced the fuel cell performance and then decreased. The fuel cell performance was analyzed in terms of maximum power density and maximum current density.

Fecal microbiota transplantation in alcohol related liver diseases

Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.3

The current standard of care for severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) has several limitations in that only up to one-third of patients are eligible for steroid therapy. Additionally, steroids have their own issues: a portion of patients do not respond, while there is doubtful long-term benefit in those who do and a large proportion are ineligible to receive steroids entirely and hence have no definitive options for treatment. As such, there is a large gap between the problem and the available solutions. Alcohol causes dysbiosis and also disrupts gut barrier function, consequently promoting the translocation of microbial lipopolysaccharide into the portal circulation and liver. Therefore, probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, or transplantation of gut microbiota are likely to attenuate the dysbiosis-related liver insult. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is expected to have a role in managing alcoholic liver disease in general and SAH in particular by correcting dysbiosis, the primary insult. Results from mouse studies have suggested beyond doubt that alcohol-related liver injury is transferrable and also treatable by adopting FMT from suitable donors. Initial human trials from our center have affirmed benefits in human subjects with SAH as well, with both improvements in disease severity and as well as the rate of survival. Further studies addressing the head-to-head comparison of steroids and FMT are ongoing. Available preliminary data are promising and FMT and/or gut microbial modulation might become the standard of care in the near future for managing alcohol-related liver diseases, especially alcoholic hepatitis, with greater applicability, improved acceptability, and minimal side effects.

Phospholipase A2, reactive oxygen species, and Lipid peroxidation in CNS pathologies

Rao Muralikrishna Adibhatla,J. F. Hatcher 한국생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.8

Alcohol associated liver cirrhotics have higher mortality after index hospitalization: Long-term data of 5,138 patients

( Priyanka Jain ),( Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry ),( Ashok Kumar Choudhury ),( Rakhi Maiwall ),( Guresh Kumar ),( Ankit Bharadwaj ),( Vinod Arora ),( Rajan Vijayaraghavan ),( Ankur Jindal ),( Manoj 대한간학회 2021 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.27 No.1

Background/Aims: Liver cirrhosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Every episode of decompensation and hospitalization reduces survival. We studied the clinical profile and long-term outcomes comparing alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALC) and non-ALC. Methods: Cirrhosis patients at index hospitalisation (from January 2010 to June 2017), with ≥1 year follow-up were included. Results: Five thousand and one hundred thirty-eight cirrhosis patients (age, 49.8±14.6 years; male, 79.5%; alcohol, 39.5%; Child-A:B:C, 11.7%:41.6%:46.8%) from their index hospitalization were analysed. The median time from diagnosis of cirrhosis to index hospitalization was 2 years (0.2-10). One thousand and seven hundred seven patients (33.2%) died within a year; 1,248 (24.3%) during index hospitalization. 59.5% (2,316/3,890) of the survivors, required at least one readmission, with additional mortality of 19.8% (459/2,316). ALC compared to non-ALC were more often (P<0.001) male (97.7% vs. 67.7%), younger (40-50 group, 36.2% vs. 20.2%; P<0.001) with higher liver related complications at baseline, (P<0.001 for each), sepsis: 20.3% vs. 14.9%; ascites: 82.2% vs. 65.9%; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: 21.8% vs. 15.7%; hepatic encephalopathy: 41.0% vs. 25.0%; acute variceal bleeding: 32.0% vs. 23.7%; and acute kidney injury 30.5% vs. 19.6%. ALC patients had higher Child-Pugh (10.6±2.0 vs. 9.0±2.3), model for end-stage liver-disease scores (21.49±8.47 vs. 16.85±7.79), and higher mortality (42.3% vs. 27.3%, P<0.001) compared to non-ALC. Conclusions: One-third of cirrhosis patients die in index hospitalization. 60% of the survivors require at least one rehospitalization within a year. ALC patients present with higher morbidity and mortality and at a younger age. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27:175-185)

The Rainfall Effect on PM Concentration : A Case Study of Net Zero Carbon

P. Jayanthi,I. Muralikrishna 한국디지털융합학회 2022 IJICTDC Vol.7 No.2

This study comprises the four states' rainfall which varies the pollutants in the atmosphere. The cause for the rainfall decline is the rise in air pollution; with various pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, CO2, NO2, CH4, and SO2 from various sources. The rise in CO2, increases the earth's temperature, thereby increasing global warming. In this study, the association between rainfalls, PM2.5, air quality index, and CO2 in Ajmer, Visakhapatnam, and Solan, clearly shows that rainfall will improve the quality of the air in the state/ region. The rainfall impact is seen in the decline of PM2.5 and AQI. The RMSE from the linear regression models were Ajmer (20.465), Solan (25.664) Hyderabad (24.848), and Visakhapatnam (24.618). Pollution is caused by various factors such as industrialization, construction of buildings, electricity generation, electronic radiation, human disaster, dry wind, and waste disposal. Implementing clean energy and solar energy in every building in residential areas reduces PM2.5 and improves AQI. It is the responsibility of each citizen to help the nation to attain reach nets zero carbon.

Improved plastid transformation efficiency in Scoparia dulcis L.

Kota, Srinivas,Hao, Qiang,Narra, Muralikrishna,Anumula, Vaishnavi,Rao, A.V,Hu, Zanmin,Abbagani, Sadanandam The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2019 식물생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.4

The high expression level of industrial and metabolically important proteins in plants can be achieved by plastid transformation. The CaIA vector, a Capsicum-specific vector harboring aadA (spectinomycin resistance), is a selectable marker controlled by the PsbA promoter, and the terminator is flanked by the trnA and trnI regions of the inverted repeat (IR) region of the plastid. The CaIA vector can introduce foreign genes into the IR region of the plastid genome. The biolistic method was used for chloroplast transformation in Scoparia dulcis with leaf explants followed by antibiotic selection on regeneration medium. Transplastomes were successfully screened, and the transformation efficiency of 3 transgenic lines from 25 bombarded leaf explants was determined. Transplastomic lines were evaluated by PCR and Southern blotting for the confirmation of aadA insertion and its integration into the chloroplast genome. Seeds collected from transplastomes were analyzed on spectinomycin medium with wild types to determine genetic stability. The increased chloroplast transformation efficiency (3 transplastomic lines from 25 bombarded explants) would be useful for expressing therapeutically and industrially important genes in Scoparia dulcis L.

Improved plastid transformation efficiency in Scoparia dulcis L.

Sadanandam Abbagani,Srinivas Kota,Qiang Hao,Muralikrishna Narra,Vaishnavi Anumula,A.V Rao,Zanmin Hu 한국식물생명공학회 2019 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.46 No.4

The high expression level of industrial and metabolically important proteins in plants can be achieved by plastid transformation. The CaIA vector, a Capsicum- specific vector harboring aadA (spectinomycin resistance), is a selectable marker controlled by the PsbA promoter, and the terminator is flanked by the trnA and trnI regions of the inverted repeat (IR) region of the plastid. The CaIA vector can introduce foreign genes into the IR region of the plastid genome. The biolistic method was used for chloroplast transformation in Scoparia dulcis with leaf explants followed by antibiotic selection on regeneration medium. Transplastomes were successfully screened, and the trans-formation efficiency of 3 transgenic lines from 25 bombarded leaf explants was determined. Transplastomic lines were evaluated by PCR and Southern blotting for the confirmation of aadA insertion and its integration into the chloroplast genome. Seeds collected from transplastomes were analyzed on spectinomycin medium with wild types to determine genetic stability. The increased chloroplast transformation efficiency (3 transplastomic lines from 25 bombarded explants) would be useful for expressing therapeutically and industrially important genes in Scoparia dulcis L.

Effects of zolpidem on sleep parameters in patients with cirrhosis and sleep disturbances: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Manoj Kumar Sharma,Sumeet Kainth,Sachin Kumar,Ankit Bhardwaj,Hemant Kumar Agarwal,Rakhi Maiwall,Kapil Dev Jamwal,Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry,Ankur Jindal,Ashok Choudhary,Lovkesh Anand,Rajender Mal 대한간학회 2019 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.25 No.2

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to study the efficacy and safety of zolpidem for sleep disturbances in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: Fifty-two Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class A or B cirrhotics with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5 were randomized to either zolpidem 5 mg daily (n=26) or placebo (n=26) for 4 weeks. Results: The therapy of 4 weeks was completed by 23 patients receiving zolpidem (3 stopped treatment due to excessive daytime drowsiness) and 24 receiving placebo (2 refused to continue the study). In the zolpidem group, after 4 weeks of therapy, there was significant increase in total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency compared to baseline and improvement in polysomnographic parameters of sleep initiation and maintenance (i.e., decrease in sleep latency time, decrease in wake time, and decreases in number of arousals and periodic limbs movements per hour of sleep), without any significant change in sleep architecture. Conclusions: Four weeks of 5 mg daily zolpidem in CTP class A or B cirrhosis patients with insomnia led to significant increases in TST and sleep efficiency and improvement in polysomnographic parameters of sleep initiation and maintenance without any significant change in sleep architecture.