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SIRT1 in Type 2 Diabetes: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
Munehiro Kitada,Daisuke Koya 대한당뇨병학회 2013 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.37 No.5
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing worldwide. Therefore, a novel therapeutic strategy by which to prevent T2DM is urgently required. Calorie restriction (CR) can retard the aging processes, and delay the onset of numerous age-related diseases including diabetes. Metabolic CR mimetics may be therefore included as novel therapeutic targets for T2DM. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase that is induced by CR, is closely associated with lifespan elongation under CR. SIRT1 regulates glucose/lipid metabolism through its deacetylase activity on many substrates. SIRT1 in pancreatic β-cells positively regulates insulin secretion and protects cells from oxidative stress and inflammation, and has positive roles in the metabolic pathway via the modulation in insulin signaling. SIRT1 also regulates adiponectin secretion, inflammation,glucose production, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and circadian rhythms. Several SIRT1 activators, including resveratrol have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in animal models of insulin resistance. Therefore, SIRT1 may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of T2DM, implicating with CR. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the biological functions of SIRT1 and discuss its potential as a promising therapeutic target for T2DM.
Munehiro Ebato,Etsuko Yoda,Daigo Yamada,Shigeki Tejima 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08
As a laborsaving technique for weed control in a mountainous area in Japan, an integrated grazing system (IGS) for scattered small pastures has gathered attention recently. The objective was to estimate the loading doses of nitrate-N and ammonium-N in soils and agricultural water as result of this IGS approach compared with other land uses. As a result of time-course profiles of nitrate-N and ammonium-N in surface soils, the effect of applied fertilizers was emphasized more than the effect of manure produced by grazing animals. The nitrate concentrations of under-drainage from pasture were the same or lower than those of agricultural water below a vegetable field during grazing periods. It was considered that the IGS was at least the same or had a lower impact on N levels than that of vegetable fields.
三輪宗弘(Miwa MUNEHIRO) 동북아시아문화학회 2008 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.- No.-
The United State laid a moral embargo in July, 1940 and froze Japan’s funds just after the Japanese advance for southern Indochina in July, 1941. It is often pointed out that this worked as a trigger for Japan to open war in December, 1941. At the moment the U.S. put an economic sanctions, he had no idea of a complete embargo. Some records shows that pre-war quantities as Japan got in 1935-36 might be shipped in the plan, but no oil was shipped. Japan and the U.S. negotiated in Washington, D.C how to pay for oil for two tankers kept in San Francisco Bay after freezing Japanese Funds. Japan: Sadao Iguchi Tutomu Nishiyama Ambassador Kichizaburo Nomura USA: Dean Acheson John.W. Pehle Secretary of State Cordell Hull Dean Acheson , assistant secretary of State, said to Iguchi ,counselor of the Japanese embassy, in August as follows; “I pointed out to him that a much simpler method would be either to use the cash or to transfer dollars on deposit with South American Banks”. Nishiyama, the commercial attache , didn’t agree to pay cash and money in South American Banks, but he proposed again to pay 1) South American Money 2) Gold from Japan and China 3) paper dollars. For three months Japan proposed different method of payments. According to Acheson, Hull didn’t want any clear statement on the shipment of oil. The U.S. kept the policy to say “still under consideration” when Nishiyama visited the department of Treasury. Two tankers went back to Japan with no oil. In Japan Navy and Army young officers insisted on occupying the oil producing Dutch East Indies to get the oil. Cordell Hull came to know the situation was in a corner by the report from ambassador Joseph Grew on November 6, 1941.
Anti-aging molecule, Sirt1: a novel therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy
Shinji Kume,Munehiro Kitada,Keizo Kanasaki,Hiroshi Maegawa,Daisuke Koya 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.2
Caloric restriction prolongs the lifespan ofmany species. Therefore, investigators have researched theusefulness of caloric restriction for healthy lifespan extension. Sirt1, an NAD?-dependent deacetylase, was identifiedas a molecule necessary for caloric restriction-related antiagingstrategies. Sirt1 functions as an intracellular energysensor to detect the concentration of NAD?, and controlsin vivo metabolic changes under caloric restriction andstarvation through its deacetylase activity to many targetsincluding histones, nuclear transcriptional factors, andenzymes. During the past decade, investigators havereported the relationship between disturbance of Sirt1activation and the onset of aging- and obesity-associateddiseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerativedisorders. Consequently, a calorie restriction-mimetic action of Sirt1 is now expected as a newtherapy for these diseases. In addition, recent studies havegradually clarified the role of Sirt1 in the onset of kidneydisease. Its activation may also become a new target oftreatment in the patients with chronic kidney diseaseincluding diabetic nephropathy. In this article, we wouldlike to review the role of Sirt1 in the onset of kidney diseasebased on previous studies, and discuss its possibility as thetarget of treatment in diabetic nephropathy.
Seiichiro Tarutani,Hiroki Kikuyama,Munehiro Ohta,Tetsufumi Kanazawa,Takehiko Okamura,Hiroshi Yoneda 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.4
ObjectiveaaMedication adherence is important in the treatment of schizophrenia, and critical periods during treatment may be associated with relapse. However, the relationship between adherence and duration of outpatient treatment (DOT) remains unclear. The authors aimed to clarify the relationship between adherence and DOT at a psychiatric hospital in Japan. MethodsaaFor outpatients with schizophrenia who regularly visit Shin-Abuyama hospital, the authors conducted a single questionnaire survey (five questions covering gender, age, DOT, medication shortages, and residual medication) over one month period. Participants were divided into two groups whether DOT were from more than one year to within five years or not. Mantel-Haenszel analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed on the data regarding the medication adherence. ResultsaaEffective answers were received for 328 patients. The residual medication rate was significantly higher among those receiving outpatient treatment from more than one year to within five years than five years than those receiving outpatient treatment for more than five years or less than one year (p=0.016). ConclusionaaThis survey suggests that there are critical periods during which patients are most prone to poor adherence. Because poor adherence increases the risk of relapse, specific measures must be taken to improve adherence during these periods.
Lim, Sung-Hyuk,Yamaguchi, Munehiro,Nishimura, Okio,Mie, Yasuhiro,Tamura, Tomohiro,Kim, Byung-Woo,Suzuki, Masaaki American Scientific Publishers 2009 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.9 No.12
<P>We have succeeded to immobilize fluorescent proteins selectively using a micro-structured organosilane self-assembled monolayer as a template. An organosilane layer with amino terminal group was formed on a thermally oxidized Si wafer by liquid-phase method and then was pattern-etched by vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV). The second organosilane layer with thiol terminal group was deposited on the etched area by chemical vapor surface modification method (CVSM). These micro-structured organosilane layer containing two reactive terminal groups were chemically modified using bi-functional linkers. Two kinds of fluorescent protein, Enhanced Cyan Fluorescent Protein (ECFP) and R-phycoerythrin were selectively immobilized on the chemically modified surface.</P>
Ryota Hosomi,Kenji Fukunaga,Midori Fukao,Munehiro Yoshida,Hirofumi Arai,Seiji Kanda,Toshimasa Nishiyama,Teruyuki Kanada 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.5
This study evaluated phospholipids (PLs)containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for their specific inherent effects and effects due to a combination of the presence of glycerophosphate structure and n-3PUFAs on cholesterol metabolism in rats. Rats were fed a diet of AIN-93G containing soybean oil (SO, 7%), SO (5.8%)+fish oil (1.2%), SO (5.2%)+soybean PLs (1.8%),SO (5.2%)+PLs containing n-3 PUFAs (1.8%), and SO (4.0%)+fish oil (1.2%)+soybean PLs (1.8%). Diets with PLs containing n-3 PUFAs, and soybean PLs in combination with fish oil, resulted in decreased serum and liver cholesterol levels through enhancement of fecal cholesterol excretion and suppression of liver sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 mRNA expression compared with the diet containing soybean oil alone. This study shows that soybean PLs with added triacylglycerol that included n-3 PUFAs have the same effects on cholesterol metabolism as PLs containing n-3 PUFAs, and that these could be of benefit to people.