OEIC Receivers : limits of High-Speed Performance

Mukunda B. Das 한국통신학회 1997 광전자공학회 학술회의 Vol.4 No.1

Liver Hydroxylation of Vitamin D and Its Relationship to Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

( Mukunda Raj Kalouni ),( Bhup Dev Bhatta ),( Dhruba Acharya ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: 25 hydroxy vitamin D is synthesized in the liver by microsomal enzyme 25-hydroxylase. Vitamin D is associated with autoimmune thyroid disease. Recently its role in the immune modulator has been discovered. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between 25 hydroxy vitamin D and thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibody. Methods: 200 subjects were enrolled in this study, among them 100 were study group and 100 were healthy control group during june 2014 to may 2016. Serum levels of anti TPO antibody, 25 hydroxy vitamin D, thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and free tri-iodothyronine were measured by chemiluminiscence immuno assay (CLIA, maglumi 1000) Results: We found a statistically significant correlation between 25 hydroxy vitamin D and thyroperoxidase antibody (p= <0.001). Study group had lower levels of vitamin D than control group 21.86 ± 8.41 and 32.27 ± 11.75 respectively.( p= <0.001). Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D was inversely correlated with antithyroperoxidase antibody (r = -0.318, p= < 0.001). Study group had higher TPO antibody levels as compared to control group. Conclusions: Our study suggests that vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with autoimmune thyroid disease. It also found that patients with autoimmune thyroid disease had lower levels of 25 hydroxy vitamin D. We also found a negative correlation between TPO antibody and Vitamin D.

Diagnostic Value of Transaminases and Deritis Ratio for Predicting Alcoholic Liver Disease

( Mukunda Raj Kalouni ),( O. P. Talwar ),( Saroj Pokhrel ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Alcoholic liver disease is a major public health concern in Nepal. Excess alcohol consumption leads to alcoholic liver diseases. The use of test combinations significantly improves the information received with single serum enzyme determinations. Aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio (deritis ratio) is a diagnostic marker in alcoholic liver disease. The aim of the study is to rule out significance of transaminases and deritis ratio in alcoholic liver disease subjects. Methods: The study was carried out in the department of biochemistry at Manipal Teaching Hospital, and kaski Sewa Hospital and Research Center Pokhara, Nepal between 5^th October 2017 to 15^th March 2018. Clinically 50 known cases of alcoholic liver disease patients and 50 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. The correlations of the variables were evaluated by pearson correlation coefficient. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis of the results. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 17. P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: We found a significant difference between Transaminases between alcoholic liver disease patients and healthy control subjects. The mean value of AST (111.98 ± 124.05) was found to be highly increased incomparision to ALT (61.26 ± 43.86) leading to significantly higher AST/ALT ratio (1.95 ± 1.42). The mean values of deritis ratio was 1.95 in ALD patients which was markedly increased as compared to the ratio of controls (1.13). There were significant differences in the AST/ ALT ratio between two groups (P=0.000). Patients with alcoholic liver disease had an AST:ALT ratio > 1.0. Conclusions: This study suggests that high deritis ratio is the marker for alcoholic liver disease. An elevated serum AST in relation to serum ALT has been proposed as an indicator that alcohol has induced organ damage

OEIC Receivers : Limits of High-Speed Performance

Mukunda B. Das 대한전자공학회 1997 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1997 No.1

Nepalese FDI Law and Policy with regard to the Belt and Road Initiative

Mukunda Adhikari,Zhi Guo Ma,Kabita Dahal 이준국제법연구원 2019 China and WTO Review Vol.5 No.2

Pattern of Tissue Expression of CA-125 and HE4 in Primary Epithelial Ovarian Tumours and Correlation with Serum CA-125 Levels

Devan, Shobana Mukunda,Pailoor, Jayalakshmi,Sthaneshwar, Pavai,Narayanan, Vallikkanu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

The objective of this study is to assess tissue expression of CA-125 and HE4 protein in primary benign and malignant epithelial tumours of the ovary and correlate with serum CA-125 levels. A total of 100 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded sections of ovarian tumours which included serous adenoma (11), mucinous adenoma (42), serous carcinoma (20), mucinous carcinoma (12) and endometrioid carcinoma (15), histologically diagnosed between $1^{st}$ January 2004 to $31^{st}$ December 2012 at the University Malaya Medical Centre, were stained for HE4 (rabbit polyclonal antibody, Abcam, UK) and CA-125 (mouse monoclonal antibody clone: OC125, Cell Marque Corporation, Rocklin, California, USA). Pre-operative serum CA-125 levels were obtained from the laboratory information system. Immunoscore (I score) for HE4 and CA-125 was given based on the intensity of staining and percentage of positive tumour cells and considered significant when it was >50 (intensity of staining multiplied by percentage of positive tumour cells). Serum CA-125 levels were compared with the I score of HE4 and CA-125 in tissues. We noted that the CA-125 levels in serum and tissues were significantly raised in malignant compared to benign ovarian tumours (p value<0.05). Tissue expression of HE4 protein was also significantly raised in malignant tumours compared to benign tumours (p value<0.05). We conclude that HE4 can be a useful tissue immunomarker in addition to CA-125.

Influence of Rotational Speed of Centrifugal Casting Process on Appearance, Microstructure, and Sliding Wear Behaviour of Al-2Si Cast Alloy

P. G. Mukunda,Shailesh Rao A,Shrikantha S Rao 대한금속·재료학회 2010 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.16 No.1

Although the manner in which the molten metal flows plays a major role in the formation of the uniform cylinder in centrifugal casting, not much information is available on this topic. The flow in the molten metal differs at various rotational speeds, which in turn affects the final casting. In this paper, the influence of the flow of molten metal of hyper eutectic Al-2Si alloys at various rotational speeds is discussed. At an optimum speed of 800 rpm, a uniform cylinder was formed. For the rotational speeds below and above these speeds, an irregular shaped casting was formed, which is mainly due to the influence of melt. Primary á-Al particles were formed in the tube periphery at low rotational speed, and their sizes and shapes were altered with changes in rotational speeds. The wear test for the inner surface of the casting showed better wear properties for the casting prepared at the optimum speed of rotation.

Study of Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) Activity as a Biomarker in Alcoholic Liver Disease

( Saroj Pokhrel ),( Mukunda Raj Kalouni ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Alcoholic liver diseases arise from the excessive ingestion of alcohol. It is the major cause of liver cirrhosis all over the world. It can be prevented by early diagnosis and management. Various biomarkers and enzymes are available for the diagnosis of alcoholic liver diseases. The aim of the study is to evaluate the role GGT in the diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease. Methods: This study was conducted at Kaski Sewa Hospital and Research Centre between 2^nd December 2017 to 15^th March 2018. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study out of which 50 were alcoholic liver disease patients and 50 were healthy control subjects. Gamma glutamyl transferase activity was measured for all the subjects. The results were expressed as mean ± SD. The comparison between the two groups were evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient. Statistical analysis were done by using Statistical package for social sciences version 17.0. A p values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 48.62 ± 16.3. Male and female percentage was 71 % and 29 % respectively. A significant correlation was found between the alcoholic liver disease patients and healthy control subjects. The mean values for GGT was markedly increased 155.13 ± 117.31 as compared to healthy subjects ( 26.86 ± 10.86) which was statistically significant (P=0.000). Conclusions: This study suggested that serum level of gamma glutamyl transferase activity is helpful in the assessment and diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease.

Vibration based energy harvesting performance of magneto-electro-elastic beams reinforced with carbon nanotubes

Arjun Siddharth Mangalasseri,Vinyas Mahesh,Sriram Mukunda,Vishwas Mahesh,Sathiskumar A Ponnusami,Dineshkumar Harursampath,Abdelouahed Tounsi Techno-Press 2023 Advances in nano research Vol.14 No.1

This article investigates the energy harvesting characteristics of a magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) cantilever beam reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) under transverse vibration. To this end, the well-known lumped parameter model is used to represent the coupled multiphysics problem mathematically. The proposed system consists of the MEE-CNT layer on top and an inactive substrate layer at the bottom. The substrate is considered to be made of either an isotropic or composite material. Basic laws such as Gauss's Law, Newton's Law and Faraday's Law are used to arrive at the governing equations. Surface electrodes across the beam are used to harvest the electric potential produced, together with a wound coil, for the generated magnetic potential. The influence of various distributions of the CNT and its volume fraction, substrate material, length-to-thickness ratio, and thickness ratio of substrate to MEE layer on the energy harvesting behaviour is thoroughly discussed. Further, the effect of external resistances and changes in substrate material on the response is analysed and reported. The article aims to explore smart material-based energy harvesting systems, focusing on their behaviour when reinforced with carbon nanotubes. The results of this study may lead to an improved understanding of the design and analysis of CNT-based smart structures.

Tubular Colonic Duplication Presenting as Rectovestibular Fistula

Parag J. Karkera,Pradnya Bendre,Flavia D’souza,Mukunda Ramchandra,Amol Nage,Nitin Palse 대한소아소화기영양학회 2015 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.18 No.3

Complete colonic duplication is a very rare congenital anomaly that may have different presentations according to its location and size. Complete colonic duplication can occur in about 15% of all gastrointestinal duplications. Double termination of tubular colonic duplication in the perineum is even more uncommon. We present a case of a Y-shaped tubular colonic duplication which presented with a rectovestibular fistula and a normal anus. Radiological evaluation and initial exploration for sigmoidostomy revealed duplicated colons with a common vascular supply. Endorectal mucosal resection of theduplicated distal segment till the colostomy site with division of the septum of the proximal segment and colostomy closure proved curative without compromise of the continence mechanism. Tubular colonic duplication should always be ruled out when a diagnosis of perineal canal is considered in cases of vestibular fistula alongwith a normal anus.