Experimental Study on Endurance Performance of Lime and Cement-Treated Cohesive Soil

Mubashir Aziz,Farooq Naveed Sheikh,Mohsin Usman Qureshi,Ali Murtaza Rasool,Muhammad Irfan 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.9

An earthwork design requires to consider the influence of severe climatic conditions on enduring performance of soils treated with chemical additives. This study was focused on investigating the mechanical behavior of a lime and cement-treated cohesive soil under the effects of repeated cycles of wetting and drying. The soil samples were prepared by adding different concentrations of cement (2, 6, 10, 12, 16, 20%) and quicklime (2, 4, 6, 8, 10%). Due to low-plastic nature of the host soil, the effectiveness of cement to reduce the plasticity of soil was relatively higher compared to lime-treatment. Likewise, an increase in optimum moisture and decrease in maximum dry unit weight was observed for both the additives and these effects were significant for lime treated soil compared to cement. Moreover, an increase in strength from 0.57 MPa to 12.9 MPa at 20% cement and from 0.57 MPa to 2.03 MPa at 2% lime was observed in unconfined compressive strengths (UCS) tests on soil samples. To investigate the durability characteristics of the treated soil, the samples were subjected to 12 cycles of wetting and drying with each cycle consisting of 5 hours of immersion in potable water and subsequent drying in oven for 43 hours. The compressive strength, volume change and weight loss of soil samples were determined at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th cycle. It is observed that the durability behaviour of treated soil is multipart due to parallel processes of positive aging (hydration process associated with binding agents) and negative aging (induced weathering). For a sustainable mechanical performance of the treated soil, an optimum dose of 6% lime or 16% cement is recommended and some correlations are proposed to quantify the effects of repeated wetting and drying.

Numerical analysis and parametric optimization of surge protection devices in a long up-pumping water pipeline

Mubashir Ali Siddiqui,Hassan Ahmed,Muhammad Bilal Javed,Umair Shahid 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.1

This study aims to present a parametric analysis of combined use of two surge protection devices in a relatively very long up-pumping water supply pipeline. Transient conditions are induced by sudden pump tripping. The effects of four parameters of hydropneumatic tank, i.e., polytropic exponent, initial air volume, orifice diameter and wave celerity and two parameters of surge tank, i.e., tank volume and tank orifice diameter are investigated on pressure surges. The parameters are optimized to achieve reduced pressure fluctuations throughout the pipe length. A numerical model is developed to perform hydraulic transient analysis in the pipeline system. Governing partial differential equations for unsteady flows are solved by the method of characteristics (MOC) and are subsequently converted into algebraic form using finite difference method. To establish the authenticity of the model, it is experimentally validated by comparing the model results with the experimental results. The validated model is then employed to analyze the effects of various parameters of the two surge protection devices on pressure fluctuations along the pipe length. The results obtained from the study are optimized for safe operation and economic use of the system.

Exploring the mechanistic insights of Cas scaffolding protein family member 4 with protein tyrosine kinase 2 in Alzheimer’s disease by evaluating protein interactions through molecular docking and dynamic simulations

Hassan, Mubashir,Shahzadi, Saba,Alashwal, Hany,Zaki, Nazar,Seo, Sung-Yum,Moustafa, Ahmed A. Springer-Verlag 2018 NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.39 No.8

Engineering behavior of expansive soils treated with rice husk ash

Aziz, Mubashir,Saleem, Masood,Irfan, Muhammad Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.8 No.2

The rapid urbanization in Pakistan is creating a shortage of sustainable construction sites with good soil conditions. Attempts have been made to use rice husk ash (RHA) in concrete industry of Pakistan, however, limited literature is available on its potential to improve local soils. This paper presents an experimental study on engineering properties of low and high plastic cohesive soils blended with 0-20% RHA by dry weight of soil. The decrease in plasticity index and shrinkage ratio indicates a reduction in swell potential of RHA treated cohesive soils which is beneficial for problems related to placing pavements and footings on such soils. It is also observed that the increased formation of pozzolanic products within the pore spaces of soil from physicochemical changes transforms RHA treated soils to a compact mass which decreases both total settlement and rate of settlement. A notable increase in friction angle with increase in RHA up to 16% was also observed in direct shear tests. It is concluded that RHA treatment is a cost-effective and sustainable alternate to deal with problematic local cohesive soils in agro-based developing countries like Pakistan.

Exploration of synthetic multifunctional amides as new therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease through enzyme inhibition, chemoinformatic properties, molecular docking and dynamic simulation insights

Hassan, Mubashir,Abbasi, Muhammad Athar,Aziz-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Athar,Siddiqui, Sabahat Zahra,Hussain, Ghulam,Shah, Syed Adnan Ali,Shahid, Muhammad,Seo, Sung-Yum Elsevier 2018 Journal of theoretical biology Vol.458 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A new series of multifunctional amides has been synthesized having moderate enzyme inhibitory potentials and mild cytotoxicity. 2-Furyl(1-piperazinyl)methanone (<B>1</B>) was coupled with 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonyl chloride (<B>2</B>) to form {4-[(3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-1-piperazinyl}(2-furyl)methanone (<B>3</B>). Different elecrophiles were synthesized by the reaction of various un/substituted anilines (<B>4a-o</B>) with 2-bromoacetylbromide (<B>5</B>), 2‑bromo‑<I>N</I>-(un/substituted-phenyl)acetamides (<B>6a-o</B>). Further, equimolar ratios of <B>3</B> and <B>6a-o</B> were allowed to react in the presence of K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> in acetonitrile to form desired multifunctional amides (<B>7a-o</B>). The structural confirmation of all the synthesized compounds was carried out by their EI-MS, IR, <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR spectral data. Enzyme inhibition activity was performed against acetyl and butyrylcholinestrase enzymes, whereby <B>7e</B> showed very good activity having IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 5.54 ± 0.03 and 9.15 ± 0.01 <I>μ</I>M, respectively, relative to eserine, a reference standard. Hemolytic activity of the molecules was checked to asertain their cytotoxicity towards red blood cell membrance and it was observed that most of the compounds were not toxic up to certain range. Moreover, chemoinformatic protepties and docking simulation results also showed the significance of <B>7e</B> as compared to other compounds. Based on <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in silico</I> analysis <B>7e</B> could be used as a template for the development of new drugs against Alzheimer's disease.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Designing of multifunctional amides derivatives as acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. </LI> <LI> Chemoinformatic, molecular docking and simulation analysis was against most potent inhibitor <B>7e.</B> </LI> <LI> In vitro and in silico results showed the significance of <B>7e</B> and could be used as a template for novel drugs against Alzheimer's disease. </LI> </UL> </P>

Enhancing Grid Security using Quantum Key Distribution

Muhammad Mubashir Khan,Jie Xu 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.6 No.4

Computational modeling and biomarker studies of pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Hassan, Mubashir,Abbas, Qamar,Seo, Sung-Yum,Shahzadi, Saba,Ashwal, Hany Al,Zaki, Nazar,Iqbal, Zeeshan,Moustafa, Ahmed A. SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2018 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.18 No.1

<P>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex and multifactorial disease. In order to understand the genetic influence in the progression of AD, and to identify novel pharmaceutical agents and their associated targets, the present study discusses computational modeling and biomarker evaluation approaches. Based on mechanistic signaling pathway approaches, various computational models, including biochemical and morphological models, are discussed to explore the strategies that may be used to target AD treatment. Different biomarkers are interpreted on the basis of morphological and functional features of amyloid β plaques and unstable microtubule-associated tau protein, which is involved in neurodegeneration. Furthermore, imaging and cerebrospinal fluids are also considered to be key methods in the identification of novel markers for AD. In conclusion, the present study reviews various biochemical and morphological computational models and biomarkers to interpret novel targets and agonists for the treatment of AD. This review also highlights several therapeutic targets and their associated signaling pathways in AD, which may have potential to be used in the development of novel pharmacological agents for the treatment of patients with AD. Computational modeling approaches may aid the quest for the development of AD treatments with enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxicity.</P>

Study of Variable Magnetic Field and Endoscope on Peristaltic Blood Flow of Particle-fluid Suspension through an Annulus

Muhammad Mubashir Bhatti,Ahmed Zeeshan 대한의용생체공학회 2016 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.6 No.4

Purpose In this article, the effects of variable magnetic fieldand endoscope on peristaltic motion of non-Newtonian bloodflow of particle-fluid suspension through an annulus havebeen studied. The non-uniform annulus having incompressible,irrotational and electrically conducting fluid which is filledwith rigid particles of different shapes. An assumption oflong wavelength and zero Reynolds number approximationis applied to model the governing flow problem. A sinusoidalwave is traveling on the outer tube whereas the inner tube isconsidered as rigid and moving with a constant velocity. Methods The expressions of velocity (uf, up) and pressuregradient have been obtained analytically and closed formsolutions are presented. Numerical computation has beenperformed using symbolic computational software“Mathematica” to calculate the expressions for pressure riseand friction forces for outer and inner tube. Results and Conclusions The influence of all the physicalparameters is discussed for pressure rise and friction forces. It is found that pressure rise increases due to the influence ofmagnetic field. It is also observed that friction forces forouter tube have greater magnitude as compared to frictionforces for the inner tube. When the fluid depicts non-Newtonian behavior, then the pressure rise also diminishes. Moreover, the presence of particles in a fluid tends to resistthe pressure. Higher values of Hartmann number diminishthe friction forces significantly, however the friction forcesfor outer tube has greater magnitude as compared to innertube. The present results are also presented for Newtonianfluid by taking λ1→0, as a special case of our study.

The exploration of novel Alzheimer’s therapeutic agents from the pool of FDA approved medicines using drug repositioning, enzyme inhibition and kinetic mechanism approaches

Hassan, Mubashir,Raza, Hussain,Abbasi, Muhammad Athar,Moustafa, Ahmed A.,Seo, Sung-Yum Elsevier 2019 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.109 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Novel drug development is onerous, time consuming and overpriced process with particularly low success and relatively high enfeebling rates. To overcome this burden, drug repositioning approach is being used to predict the possible therapeutic effects of FDA approved drugs in different diseases. Herein, we designed a computational and enzyme inhibitory mechanistic approach to fetch the promising drugs from the pool of FDA approved drugs against AD. The binding interaction patterns and conformations of screened drugs within active region of AChE were confirmed through molecular docking profiles. The possible associations of selected drugs with AD genes were predicted by pharmacogenomics analysis and confirmed through data mining. The stability behaviour of docked complexes (Drugs-AChE) were checked by MD simulations. The possible therapeutic potential of repositioned drugs against AChE were checked by <I>in vitro</I> analysis. Taken together, Cinitapride displayed a comparable results with standard and can be used as possible therapeutic agent in the treatment of AD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Drug repositioning approach was used to predict the possible therapeutic effects of FDA approved drugs against AD disease. </LI> <LI> The screened drugs showed good binding interaction profiles within active region of AChE. </LI> <LI> Pharmacogenomics analysis depicted the possible associations between screened drugs and Alzheimer’s genes. </LI> <LI> Cinitapride showed a comparable results with standard and can be used as possible therapeutic agent in the treatment of AD. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Designing of promising medicinal scaffolds for Alzheimer’s disease through enzyme inhibition, lead optimization, molecular docking and dynamic simulation approaches

Hassan, Mubashir,Abbasi, Muhammad Athar,Aziz-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Athar,Siddiqui, Sabahat Zahra,Shahzadi, Saba,Raza, Hussain,Hussain, Ghulam,Shah, Syed Adnan Ali,Ashraf, Muhamamd,Shahid, Muhammad,Seo, Academic Press 2019 Bioorganic chemistry Vol.91 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the designed research work, a series of 2-furoyl piperazine based sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized as therapeutic agents to target the Alzheimer’s disease. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized through spectral analysis and their inhibitory potential was evaluated against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The cytotoxicity of these sulfonamides was also ascertained through hemolysis of bovine red blood cells. Furthermore, compounds were inspected by Lipinki Rule and their binding profiles against BChE were discerned by molecular docking. The protein fluctuations in docking complexes were recognized by dynamic simulation. From our <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in silico</I> results <B>5c</B>, <B>5j</B> and <B>5k</B> were identified as promising lead compounds for the treatment of targeted disease.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized as therapeutic agents to target the Alzheimer’s disease. </LI> <LI> The inhibitory potential of newly synthesized compounds were evaluated against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). </LI> <LI> The cytotoxicity of these sulfonamides was also ascertained through hemolysis of bovine red blood cells. </LI> <LI> Computational analysis was performed to check their binding profile against target protein. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>