Factors Affecting Climate Change Accounting Disclosure Among Saudi Publicly List Firms on the Saudi Stock Exchange Market

Asaad Mubarak Hussien MUSA(Asaad Mubarak Hussien MUSA ),Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi ABDELRAHEEM(Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi ABDELRAHEEM ),Abbas Abdelrahman ADAM(Abbas Abdelrahman ADAM ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.2

This study’s goal is to investigate the effects of board size, the number of annual board meetings, the profitability of the company, and the audit Committee on the disclosure of climate change in Saudi companies listed on the stock exchange. It was conducted to evaluate affecting some factors on carbon emissions by the regression model. The study uses the content analysis method. Data was collected from the annual and sustainability reports, and the platform database Refinitiv, an LSEG (London Stock Exchange Group Company) for the period 2018 to 2021. The study sample is 51 companies. The study findings showed Saudi Arabia saw its first significant overall drop in CO2 emissions with a 22.61 MtCO2 decline (3.93%) in 2018. The study revealed a positive connection between the size of the director’s board, and the disclosure of carbon emissions in Saudi firms listed on the stock market. While other factors are not related to the number of director’s board meetings, the audit committee, and the profitability of the company on the disclosure of carbon emissions in the Saudi companies listed on the stock exchange.

The Role of Employee Engagement on Knowledge Management and Worker Productivity: A Case Study in Sri Lanka

Mubarak KALDEEN,Samantha THELIJJAGODA,Sabraz Nawaz SAMSUDEEN 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.4

Knowledge-Worker Productivity (KWP) has been influenced by Knowledge Management Process (KMP); however, past studies derived inconsistent findings of the relationship between the two variables. Additionally, the effect of KMP on KWP in the context of universities in Sri Lanka has not been adequately studied. Therefore, this present study aims to fill that gap by examining KMP elements’ effect, namely knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and usage on KWP, specifically the timeliness, proficiency, and independence of employees. This study also examines the role of employee engagements (i.e., intellectual, social, and affective) in mediating the effect of KMP on KWP. The questionnaire survey method was utilized to collect data from relevant university employees, i.e., lecturers, senior lecturers, and professors, whereby 264 valid responses were used in the analysis. The associations between KMP, Employee Engagement, and KWP were analyzed using the path analysis and bootstrapping methods. The outcomes demonstrated positive correlations between all three variables. Employee Engagement was shown to have a partial mediating effect on the KMP-KWP association. The general conclusion is that KWP is influenced by its capacity to increase employee engagement via KMP.

Forest fire detection and identification using image processing and SVM

Mubarak Adam Ishag Mahmoud,Honge Ren 한국정보처리학회 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.1

Accurate forest fires detection algorithms remain a challenging issue, because, some of the objects have thesame features with fire, which may result in high false alarms rate. This paper presents a new video-based, imageprocessing forest fires detection method, which consists of four stages. First, a background-subtractionalgorithm is applied to detect moving regions. Secondly, candidate fire regions are determined using CIEL∗a∗b∗ color space. Thirdly, special wavelet analysis is used to differentiate between actual fire and fire-likeobjects, because candidate regions may contain moving fire-like objects. Finally, support vector machine is usedto classify the region of interest to either real fire or non-fire. The final experimental results verify that theproposed method effectively identifies the forest fires.

Tapping Opportunity of Tiny-Shaped Particles and Role of Precursor in Developing Shaped Particles

Mubarak Ali,I-N. Lin,Chien-Jui Yeh 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.7

Metallic colloids are frequently used in industry and provide understanding of science at microns to nanometers scales along with their applicability for various technologically important applications. Present investigations deal with morphology and structure of gold, silver and their binary composition while processing certain amounts of their solutions in a newly designed process and tapping opportunities of developing tiny-shaped particles. At tuned ratio of pulse OFF to ON time and when gold solution was processed, several tiny-shaped particles developed at the solution's surface. Such tiny particles exert force at the tip of each converting their structure of smooth element where steady-state immersing behavior directed them toward a common centre resulting into bind them for developing different geometric anisotropic shaped particles. Under identical parameters along with pulse time, processing solutions of silver nitrate and binary composition of chloroauric acid-silver nitrate result in the development of tiny particles having no specific shape where their assembling is under the mixed behavior of forces resulting in distorted particles. Elongation and deformation of gold and silver atoms while developing different structures are because of the plastically driven behavior of their electrons. In three-dimensional structures where atoms do not undergo transition to elongate, they retain the structure as it is, which is known as hcp structure or two-dimensional structure. Different nature of precursors along with morphology and structure of particles are discussed in this paper opening abundant avenues for research.

Predictor Packing in Developing Unprecedented Shaped Colloidal Particles

Mubarak Ali,I-Nan Lin,Chien-Jui Yeh 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.09

Developing anisotropic particles of different shapes has been a hot topic of research since decades as they possess special features not possible to achieve through other means. It is considered challenging to control atoms for developing their particles of certain size and shape. In this study, different shapes of gold particles were developed while employing a pulse-based electron–photon–solution interface process. Gold atoms, when they are in certain transition state, develop their monolayer assembly around the light glow known in argon plasma generating at the bottom of copper capillary known in cathode. The rate of uplifted gold atoms to develop monolayer assembly at solution surface is controlled by electron streams and traveling photons of high-density entering the solution. Gold atoms dissociated from the precursor on transforming photons (propagating through immersed graphite rod known in anode) to heat energy. Double-packets of nanoshape energy are generated under tuned pulse protocol when they are placed over the compact monolayer assembly resulting in tiny-sized particles of own shape. On the separation of joined tiny particles into two equilateral triangular-shaped tiny particles, each atom of their one-dimensional array elongated on both sides from the centre while exerting opposite poles forces of surface format. This results in convertion of each array of atoms into a structure of smooth elements. Due to immersing force of solution surface and their termination at the centre of light glow, tiny-shaped particles pack from different zones where their structures of smooth elements assemble to develop monolayers of developing particle in a certain shape. Developing particles of one-dimension undertake assembling of structures of smooth elements where packing of their tiny-shaped particles is from the near regions belonging to rearward sides of north–south poles at the solution surface, whereas, developing particles of multi-dimension undertake assembling of structures of smooth elements where packing of their tiny-shaped particles is from the regions of east–west poles and near regions of east–west poles on the solution surface. Depending on the number and orientation of assembled structures of smooth elements nucleating monolayers for different particles, their different anisotropic shapes develop. At fixed precursor concentration, increasing the process time results in developing particles of low aspect ratio. Under tuned parameters, particles of unprecedented features developed.

One-pot synthesis of layered double hydroxide hollow nanospheres with ultrafast removal efficiency for heavy metal ions and organic contaminants

Mubarak, Mahfuza,Jeon, Hyokyung,Islam, Md. Shahinul,Yoon, Cheolho,Bae, Jong-Seong,Hwang, Seong-Ju,Choi, Won San,Lee, Ha-Jin Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.201 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Herein, Mg/Fe layered double hydroxide (MF-LDH) hollow nanospheres were successfully prepared by a one-step thermal method. After the thermal treatment of MF-LDH nanospheres at 400 °C, the MF-LDH was converted into the corresponding oxide, Mg/Fe layered double oxide (MF-LDO), which maintained the hollow nanosphere structure. The MF-LDO hollow nanospheres exhibited excellent adsorption efficiency for both As(V) and Cr(VI), showing 99% removal within 5 min and providing maximum removal capacities of 178.6 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP> [As(VI)] and 148.7 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP> [Cr(VI)]. Moreover, it met the maximum contaminant level requirements recommended by World Health Organization (WHO); 10 ppm for As(V) and 50 ppm for Cr(VI) in 10 and 20 min, respectively. Furthermore, Au nanoparticles were successfully introduced in the MF-LDO hollow nanospheres, and the products showed a conversion rate of 100% for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol into 4-aminophenol within 5 min. It is believed that these excellent and versatile abilities integrated with a facile synthetic strategy will facilitate the practical application of this material in cost-effective wastewater purification.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> MF-LDH and MF-LDO hollow nanospheres were prepared by one-step thermal method. </LI> <LI> MF-LDH and MF-LDO showed ultrafast removal efficiency for As(V) and Cr(VI). </LI> <LI> MF-LDO purified contaminated water up to drinking water level within 20 min. </LI> <LI> Gold nanoparticles were successfully introduced into MF-LDO hollow nanosphere structure. </LI> <LI> Au-MF-LDO completely reduced 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol within 5 min. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Ultrasound guidance versus the blind method for intrauterine catheter insemination: A randomized controlled trial

Mubarak, Sarah,Yusoff, Noor Haliza,Adnan, Tassha Hilda The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2019 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.46 No.2

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to compare clinical pregnancy rates in intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment cycles with transabdominal ultrasound guidance during intrauterine catheter insemination (US-IUI) versus the "blind method" IUI without ultrasound guidance (BM-IUI). The secondary objective was to compare whether US-IUI had better patient tolerability and whether US-IUI made the insemination procedure easier for the clinician to perform compared to BM-IUI. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial done at the Reproductive Medicine Unit of General Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. We included women aged between 25 and 40 years who underwent an IUI treatment cycle with follicle-stimulating hormone injections for controlled ovarian stimulation. Results: A total of 130 patients were recruited for our study. The US-IUI group had 70 patients and the BM-IUI group had 60 patients. The clinical pregnancy rate was 10% in both groups (p> 0.995) and there were no significant difference between the groups for patient tolerability assessed by scores on a pain visual analog scale (p= 0.175) or level of difficulty for the clinician (p> 0.995). The multivariate analysis further showed no significant increase in the clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.34; p= 0.558) in the US-IUI group compared to the BM-IUI group even after adjusting for potential covariates. Conclusion: The conventional blind method for intrauterine catheter insemination is recommended for patients undergoing IUI treatment. The use of ultrasound during the insemination procedure increased the need for trained personnel to perform ultrasonography and increased the cost, but added no extra benefits for patients or clinicians.

A novel approach to the solution of a steady state biofilter model

Mubarak Salih,Zarook Shareefdeen,Suheil Khouri 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.5

Designing of air pollution control equipment such as biofilters, also known as gas phase biological reactors, for elimination of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air streams require accurate modeling and model solutions. In this work, a novel approach is employed to solve a biofilter model and for performance predictions. The approach is based on expressing the particular solution of the governing equations as an integral containing Green’s function. The integral is then tuned to develop a suitable operator in which Krasnoselskii-Mann’s fixed point iteration method is applied. In this work, this technique was utilized to model the biological degradation of methanol and alpha-pinene. The results obtained by the proposed technique were compared against the experimental data adopted from literature and the originally published numerical solution. The comparison showed that the approach is highly accurate and converges fast with a uniformly distributed residual error over the entire domain. Furthermore, the method was used to perform a sensitivity analysis on the model equations to evaluate the performance of the biofilter under various conditions. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time Mann’s Green’s embedded method (MGEM) is applied in the solution of biofilter models.

Modifying linearly non-separable support vector machine binary classifier to account for the centroid mean vector

Mubarak Al-Shukeili,Ronald Wesonga The Korean Statistical Society 2023 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.30 No.3

This study proposes a modification to the objective function of the support vector machine for the linearly non-separable case of a binary classifier y_i ∈ {-1, 1}. The modification takes into account the position of each data item x_i from its corresponding class centroid. The resulting optimization function involves the centroid mean vector, and the spread of data besides the support vectors, which should be minimized by the choice of hyper-plane β. Theoretical assumptions have been tested to derive an optimal separable hyperplane that yields the minimal misclassification rate. The proposed method has been evaluated using simulation studies and real-life COVID-19 patient outcome hospitalization data. Results show that the proposed method performs better than the classical linear SVM classifier as the sample size increases and is preferred in the presence of correlations among predictors as well as among extreme values.

Interaction-based Collaborative Recommendation: A Personalized Learning Environment (PLE) Perspective

( Syed Mubarak Ali ),( Imran Ghani ),( Muhammad Shafie Abd Latiff ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.1

In this modern era of technology and information, e-learning approach has become an integral part of teaching and learning using modern technologies. There are different variations or classification of e-learning approaches. One of notable approaches is Personal Learning Environment (PLE). In a PLE system, the contents are presented to the user in a personalized manner (according to the user`s needs and wants). The problem arises when a new user enters the system, and due to the lack of information about the new user`s needs and wants, the system fails to recommend him/her the personalized e-learning contents accurately. This phenomenon is known as cold-start problem. In order to address this issue, existing researches propose different approaches for recommendation such as preference profile, user ratings and tagging recommendations. In this research paper, the implementation of a novel interaction-based approach is presented. The interaction-based approach improves the recommendation accuracy for the new-user cold-start problem by integrating preferences profile and tagging recommendation and utilizing the interaction among users and system. This research work takes leverage of the interaction of a new user with the PLE system and generates recommendation for the new user, both implicitly and explicitly, thus solving new-user cold-start problem. The result shows the improvement of 31.57% in Precision, 18.29% in Recall and 8.8% in F1-measure.