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포톤 계수 방식의 $32{\times}32$ 픽셀 어레이를 갖는 디지털 CMOS X-ray 이미지 센서 설계
성관영,김태호,황윤금,전성채,진승오,허영,하판봉,박무훈,김영희,Sung, Kwan-Young,Kim, Tae-Ho,Hwang, Yoon-Geum,Jeon, Sung-Chae,Jin, Seung-Oh,Huh, Young,Ha, Pan-Bong,Park, Mu-Hun,Kim, Young-Hee 한국정보통신학회 2008 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.12 No.7
본 논문에서는 $0.18{\mu}m$ triple-well CMOS 공정을 사용하여 포톤계수 방식의 $32{\times}32$ 픽셀 어레이를 갖는 CMOS ray 영상센서를 설계하였다. 설계된 영상센서의 카픽셀은 $100{\times}100\;{\mu}m2$ 면적을 가지고 있고 약 400개의 트랜지스터로 구성되어 있으며, 범프 본딩을 통해 ray 검출기와 CSA(Charge Sensitive Amplifier)의 연결을 위한 $50{\times}50{\mu}m2$의 오픈패드를 가지고 있다. 각각의 싱글픽셀 CSA에서 전압 바이어스 회로를 사용한 folded cascode CMOS OP amp 대신 레이아웃 면적을 줄이기 위하여 self biased folded cascode CMOS OP amp를 이용하였으며, 계수 모드 진입 전후에 CLK에서 발생 할 수 있는 short pulse를 제거하는 15bit LFSR 계수기 (Linear Feedback Shift Register Counter) 클럭 발생회로를 제안하였으며, 읽기 모드에서 CMOS X-ray 영상센서의 최대 전류를 줄이기 위하여 열 어드레스 디코더를 이용하여 한 열씩 읽도록 설계하였다. In this paper, x-ray image sensor of photon counting type having a $32{\times}32$ pixel array is designed with $0.18{\mu}m$ triple-well CMOS process. Each pixel of the designed image sensor has an area of loot $100{\times}100\;{\mu}m2$ and is composed of about 400 transistors. It has an open pad of an area of $50{\times}50{\mu}m2$ of CSA(charge Sensitive Amplifier) with x-ray detector through a bump bonding. To reduce layout size, self-biased folded cascode CMOS OP amp is used instead of folded cascode OP amp with voltage bias circuit at each single-pixel CSA, and 15-bit LFSR(Linear Feedback Shift Register) counter clock generator is proposed to remove short pulse which occurs from the clock before and after it enters the counting mode. And it is designed that sensor data can be read out of the sensor column by column using a column address decoder to reduce the maximum current of the CMOS x-ray image sensor in the readout mode.
성무경 세계민족무용연구소 2002 민족무용 Vol.- No.2
이 글은 19세기 궁중 정재 종목의 하나로 공연되었던 <항장무>를 대상으로 그것의 연희전승 양상과 극 연출 방식에 대해 논의했다. 그 동안이 자료에 대한 선행 논의는 단 1편 뿐으로 그 내용 또한 자료 소개에 지나지 않았다. 이에 이 글은 다음과 같은 두 가지 목적을 가지고 쓰여졌다. 하나는 정재 <항장무>가 온전한 희곡문학의 특성을 지닌 훌륭한 대본(笏記)을 갖고 있었다는 사실을 자료적 실상을 있는 그대로 보여주면서 그것의 연희전승과 극 연출 방식을 가급적 상세히 설명해보고자 했다. 또 하나는 우리의 희곡사에 대한 새로운 인식과 반성이 따라야 한다는 점을 강조하려는 목적에서 쓰여졌다. 중국 역사테스트의 두 주인공인 항우와 유방의 '홍문연' 고사를 依倣해 연출한 <항장무>는 19세기 초반 평안도 선천의 교방에 그 연원을 두고 형성된 후, 19세기 중·후반 지방 교방에 두루 전파되어 官邊을 중심으로 연행되고, 급기야 당대의 인기를 등에 업고 궁중에까지 진출한 공연물이었다. 정재 <항장무>는 온전한 극 양식을 갖춘, 그것도 매우 치밀한 극 연출 방식을 지닌 연극 공연물임에도 불구하고, 그것이 그 동안우리의 관심밖에 방치되어 있었다는 사실은 매우 유감스러운 일이다. 이 글은 비록 정재 <항장무>에 대한 단편적 고찰이지만 적어도 극 양식의 관습화가 전적으로 신극 유입에만 의존하지 않았으며, 우리의 전통공연문화 속에서 그것이 내재적으로 이루어져왔다는 것만큼은 충분히 입증해 줄 것이라 생각한다. 이를 계기로 온전한 극 양식을 갖춘 <항장무>의 존재를 인식하고, 나아가 정재, 창극, 민속극(탈춤) 등에 걸친 다양한 논의가 이루어져 보다 온당한 희곡문학사의 구도가 세워지기를 희망한다. This paper discusses aspects of the entertainment tradition and the technique of direction in hang-jang-mu(項莊舞) one of the public performances of the congratulatory ceremonies within the Royal Court in the 19th century. It has been rarely discussed thus far. I could find just one previous study and it was no more than an introduction to the materials. So, I aim at two purposes in this paper. One is to show as it is that the public performance hang-jang-mu had a fairly good script called hol-gi(笏記), which has characteristics of play as a genre of literature, and to explain the way of direction as in detail as possible. The other is to put emphasis on the fact that new understanding and reflection should be followed in the perspective on the history of our play. Hang-jang-mu is directed on the model of an old story named hong-mun-yeon in which two main characters in the history of old China are starred. It was a public performance which has its origin in gyo-bang(an office to manage woman entertainers called gi-soeng) of Seoncheon(宣川), Pyeongan-do(平安道). Having been formed, it was spread over other local gyo-bangs and performed mostly in official quaters around in the middle and late years of 19th century. Then, after all, it could be introduced to the Royal Court. It is very regretful that such a perfectly qualified style of play was left neglected despite its whole characteristics as a performance matched with an elaborated technique of direction. This study proves that the conventionalization of our style of play didn't totally depend on the influx of shin-geuk(a style of modem Korean drama which was developed under the influence of Occidental drama), and it had already had an country internal embryo. I hope the existence of hong-jang-mu can be widely recognized and be taken into consideration in establishing a new architecture of our play history, together with other discussions in connection with public performances, chang-geuk(唱劇) and folk plays as tal-chum(탈춤).
조선후기 呈才와 歌曲의 관계 : 19세기 현상에 주목하여
성무경 한국시가학회 2003 韓國 詩歌硏究 Vol.14 No.-
이 논문은 조선후기, 특히 19세기 정재의 문화지형을 읽어보는 가운데, 그 동안 우리의 시각에 잘 포착되지 않았던 정재와 가곡이 관계를 맺는 국면을 조명해봄으로써 가곡은 물론 정재에 대한 상호 이해를 높이는 데 목적을 둔 글이다. 정재는 전통시대 국가정책상 제도화되어 궁정에서 공연되었던 종합예술이고, 가곡은 조선후기 시정의 풍류방을 배경으로 하는 정악계통의 성악 장르이다. 이 들은 그것의 주된 연행배경이 다르다는 점에서 특별한 관련이 없어 보이지만, 가곡의 주된 연창자인 기녀들이 곧 궁중 정재의 공연을 담당하던 예인들이기도 했다는 점에서 가곡의 궁중진출은 충분히 예견할 수 있는 것이다. 이 글은 정재가 궁중정재만을 가리키는 것으로 이해되었던 기존의 견해와는 달리 궁정뿐만 아니라 전국의 모든 관변과 교방에서 공연되고 이습되던 공연물이었다는 사실을 지적하고, 조선후기 특히 19세기에 가곡이 전형성을 중시하는 정재의 창사로 집중 부각된 사실을 밝혀본 것이다. 가곡의 정재창사화는 정재의 변질이 아니라, 당대 조선적 미감의 실질적 향유를 추구한 정재자체의 능동적 변화이자, 예술성을 획득한 가곡의 정악화 내지 악장화를 의미하는 것이라고 판단된다. The object of this paper shall examine by the basic raw materials of Jeongjae(呈才) and investigate mutual relationship between Jeongjae and Gagok(歌曲). This connection has been elusive notion. Jeongjae was a synthetic art in the court and it was created by political measures of government. On the other hand. Gagok is one of JeongAk(正樂)'s branch and a vocal music from the elegant salons in the last of Chosun Dynasty. Comparatively speaking of Jeong-jae and Gagok, it doesn't seem to have any relationship. But it can be surmised that Gagok penetrated in the court, in light of same performers in Jeongjae and Gagok. This paper attempted to point out the fact which Jeongjae is not only the Court performance but also the local governmental performance, and to make clear Gagok used odes in the Jeongjae. The fact that Gagok is used odes in the Jeongjae must be not a deterioration of Jeongjae, but a spontaneous transformation and an acquirement of the great artistic value like Jeongak(正樂) and Akjang(樂章).
성무경 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2002 民族文化硏究 Vol.36 No.-
이글은 19세기 궁중 정재 종목의 하나로 공연되었던 <항장무>를 대상으로 그것의 연희전승 양상과 극 연출 방식에 대해 논의했다. 그동안 이 자료에 대한 선행 논의는 단 1편 뿐으로 그 내용 또한 자료소개에 지나지 않았다. 이에 이 글은 다음과 같은 두 가지 목적을 가지고 쓰여졌다. 하나는 정재 <항장무>가 온전한 희곡문학의 특성을 지닌 훌륭한 대본(笏記)을 갖고 있었다는 사실을 자료적 실상을 있는 그대로 보여주면서 그것의 연희전승과 극 연출 방식을 가급적 상세히 설명해보고자 했다. 또 하나는 우리의 희곡사에 대한 새로운 인식과 반성이 따라야 한다는 점을 강조하려는 목적에서 쓰여졌다. 중국 역사테스트의 두 주인공인 항우와 유방의 '홍문연' 고사를 依倣해 연출한 <항장무>는 19세기 초반 평안도 선천의 교방에 그 연원을 두고 형성된 후, 19세기 중·후반 지방 교방에 두루 전파되어 官邊을 중심으로 연행되고, 급기야 당대의 인기를 등에 업고 궁중에까지 진출한 공연물이었다. 정재 <항장무>는 온전한 극양식을 갖춘, 그것도 매우 치밀한 극 연출 방식을 지닌 연극 공연물임에도 불구하고, 그것이 그 동안 우리의 관심밖에 방치되어 있었다는 사실은 매우 유감스러운 일이다. 이 글은 비록 정재 <항장무>에 대한 단편적 고찰이지만 적어도 극 양식의 관습화가 전적으로 신극 유입에만 의존하지 않았으며, 우리의 전통 공연문화 속에서 그것이 내재적으로 이루어져왔다는 것만큼은 충분히 입증해 줄 것이라 생각한다. 이를 계기로 온전한 극 양식을 갖춘 <향장무>의 존재를 인식하고, 나아가 정재, 창극, 민속극(탈춤) 등에 걸친 다양한 논의가 이루어져 보다 온당한 희곡문사의 구도가 세워지기를 희망한다. This paper discusses aspects of the entertainment tradition and the technique of direction in hang-jang-mu(項莊舞) one of the public performances of the congratulatory ceremonies within the Royal Court in the 19th century. It has been rarely discussed thus far. I could find just one previous study and it was no more than an introduction to the materials. So, I aim at two purposes in this paper. One is to show as it is that the public performance hang-jang-mu had a fairly script called hol-gi(笏記), which has characteristics of play as a genre of literature, and to explain the way of direction as in detail as possible. The other is to put emphasis on the fact that new understanding and reflection should be followed in the perspective on the history of our play. Hang-jang-mu is directed on the model of an old story named hong-mun-yeon in which two main characters in the history of old China are starred. It was a public performance which has its origin in gyo-bang(an office to manage woman entertainers called gi-saeng) of Seoncheon(宣川), Pyeongan-do(平安道). Having been formed, it was spread over other local gyo-bangs and performed mostly in official quaters around in the middle and late years of 19th century. Then, after all, it could be introduced to the Royal Court. It is very regretful that such a perfectly qualified style of play was left neglected despite its whole characteristics as a performance matched with an elaborated technique of direction. This study proves that the conventionalization of our style of play didn't totally depend on the influx of shin-geuk(a style of modern Korean drama which was developed under the influence of Occidental drama), and it had already had an country internal embryo. I hope the existence of hang-jang-mu can be widely recognized and be taken into consideration in establishing a new architecture of our play history, together with other discussions in connection with public performances, chang-geuk(唱劇) and folk plays as tal-chum(탈춤).
石尙祐,林廣洙,李炅武 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-
In this research, we have developed a new navigation scheme using computer vision technology. A line feature tacking-based scheme is developed in which the orientation of the line features on the ceiling are detected in the input image, and used for guiding the direction of motion of a robot. In order to detect line information robustly, preprocessing steps such as lens calibration, noise cancelling, feature enhancement are employed. An also, to enhance the accuracy and the speed, we employed Intel IPL(Image Processing Library) for the implementation. The developed vision-based navigation system is quite reliable so that it can be used in a variety of natural circumstances, for example, home, office, factory, and so on. The performance of the developed system has been tested in many real environments, and shows excellent results in both accuracy and speed.
Methyl di-t-Butyl Carbiny Chloride의 加溶媒分解 反應速度에 관한 理論的 硏究
李武相 慶北大學校 師範大學 1978 敎育硏究誌 Vol.20 No.-
Using Two Center Huckel M.O., electron densities and bond energies of Methyl Chloride, t-Butyl Chlo ide and Methyl di-t-Butyl Carbinyl Chloride were calculated. From the results, Methyl di-t-Butyl Carbinyl Chloride has the weakest C-Cl bond and has the largest electron density of chlorine was found. The results strengthen the evidence that inductive effects and steric factors can be of great importance in solvolysis reaction of highly branched chlorides.
농업계고교생의 자아존중감과 진로성숙도의 관계에 대한 연구
하성무,황혜정 京機大學校 學生生活硏究所 2002 學生生活硏究 Vol.18 No.-
The purposes of this study were to investigate the differences in self-esteem and career-maturity of agricultural highschool students and to investigate their relationship between self-esteem and career-maturity to provide the basic data for the effective career education in agricultural high school. This study was carried out using Coopersmith's Self-esteem Inventory and Crites' Career-maturity Inventory. Data collected from 133 students were analyzed by SPSS program. The statistical techniques used for the study were correlation, frequency, F-test, and Scheffe-test. Major findings of the study were as follows; 1. The self-esteem score of the agricultural highschool students was ranged from 70.49 to 75.49(rural type school 70.49, urban type school 74.20m self agricultural highschool 75.45). The total mean score was 73.26, and deviation was 9.97. Totally there was a signifigant difference in self-esteem among agricultural highschool students. Specially the relation to others of self-esteem between rural type school and self-agricultrual school showed significant difference. 2. The career-maturity score of the agricultural highschool students was ranged from 109.74 to 117.22(rural type school 109.74, urban type school 117.22, self agricultural highschool 115.75). The total mean score was 114.14, and deviation was 16.08. Totally there was a signifigant difference in career-maturity among agricultural highschool students. Specially the involvement of career-maturity between rural type school and urban type school showed significant difference. 3. Even though there was no significant difference in relationship between self-esteem and career-maturity of rural type agricultural highschool students, totally there were significant differences in relationship between self-esteem and career-maturity of agricultural highschool students. From the results of this study, the recommendation were as follows; 1. The career education programs for the agricultural highschool students should be developed in consideration of self esteem level of each student. 2. The career education programs should be planned for more advanced career maturity in consideration of each agricultural highschool. 3. For increasing the self-esteem level through the school education, the various tests should be administered to each student.
La_1.85Ba_0.15CuO_4-y에서 Cu 치환이 전기적 특성에 미치는 영향
서성완,최무용 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.1
산화물 고온초전도체 La_1.85Ba_0.15CuO_(4-y)에서 Cu를 전이금속 원소인 Co, Zn, Ni로 치환해 가면서 그에 따르는 열기전력과 비저항의 변화를 연구하였다. 이러한 전이금속 원소를 Cu 대신 치환했을 때 모든 경우 치환량이 증가할수록 임계온도는 급격히 감소한 반면 열기전력은 상대적으로 작은 변화를 보였다. 이것은 Zn, Co, Ni에 의한 임계온도 감소효과가 물질의 전자구조나 전도입자의 상태밀도 변화에 의한 것이 아님을 의미한다. 치환된 전이금속 원소들이 물질의 자기적 성질에 영향을 주는 가능성을 고려해 보았다. Thermopower and resistivity of La_1.85CuO_(4-y) with 3d transition metal atoms(Co, Zn, Ni) substituting for Cu were studied systematically as functions of the doping concentration. In all cases examined, T_ε decreases as the dopant concentration increases, but the thermopower shows little change in quantity. These experimental results indicate that the supression of superconductivity by transition metal atoms substitution in the material has not to do with change of the carrier concentration in the material. It is known that high-T_ε superconductivity has a close relation to antiferromagnetic ordering in CuO_2 plane. In this respect we take into consideration of the possibility that these 3d atoms may influence mangetic properties of the material.
SGCI 材料의 Casting 및 磨滅强度에 關한 硏究
김성주,문형태,최익수,노무근 三陟大學校 産業科學技術硏究所 2003 産業科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.2
In order to collect the basic data for the production of nodular cast iron requiring wear resistance. the mechanical nature such as structure analysis, hardness, and tensile strength were performed on cast sample by changing residual Mg concentration of cast iron at the range of 0∼0.052% and also the wear characteristics were examined through wear test by changing abrasion speed and final load. As a result, the following conclusions were drawn. The wear amount rapidly accelerates to the maximum abrasion sped of 2.3m/sec in a sample without Fe-Si-Mg alloy processing(residual Mg amount; 0%) by increasing the abrasion speed from 1.3m/sec to 2.3m/sec. As the Mg residual Mg contents increases, the ratio of nodular increases while hardness of a sample accelerates and the wear amount decreases. The maximum point moved to the high speed side in a sample with 0.043% residual Mg contents and the wear amount showed the maximum in 3.5m/sec of abrasion speed while a sample with 0.052% residual Mg contents showed the mechanical destruction wear to 4.3m/sec abrasion speed. The more residual Mg contents are in 0.6-l.1m/sec low speed range of abrasion speed, the more wear amount was resulted while the less residual Mg contents were. the less wear amount showed. Oxidation wear occurs at 4.5m/sec of traveling velocity. Since the wear of matrix structure occurs after wear of oxidized substance in friction caused by oxidized substance, the wear amount shows less than 2.3mg/sec traveling velocity. Therefore, as the residual Mg contents increase, the wear amount decreases. Although the wear amount is large since the traveling distance of destruction wear lasts very long. the residual Mg contents are small and the oxidation wear area becomes long in a sample with low hardness. Since the mechanical destruction wear occurs when the traveling &stances reaches to the end, the wear amount results in very small. The scratches appeared due to abrasive wear in mechanical destruction wear with 2.3/sec abrasion speed while it did not show in oxidation wear although the severe wear occurred. The sectional melting appeared in 5.4m/sec of high speed friction since the temperature of contact point increased more than 1000℃. Scratches are less in the area with low load and if load increase, shoving occurs in wear grooves. In the maximum load, the severe cracking phenomenon can be observed.
金相武 啓明大學校 産業經營硏究所 1980 經營經濟 Vol.13 No.1
Gyeongju, as a cultural tourist destination, is being developed by the Government with a total investment of. 3,326 million wons based on the 10-year Gyeongju Consolidated Development Plan(1972-1981). In order to attract foreign tourist the ancient cultural remains of the Silla kingdom have been recovered and restored simultaneouly with the development of a new recreational resort in the Bomum Lake Tourist Complex since 1972. In 1979, 202,000 foreign tourists arrived in Gyeongju compared with the total of 1,126,000 foreign visitors who visited Korea. This marked a component rate of only 18.0 percent. The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of the foreing visitors' travel patterns and to analyze their tour habits and attitudes in order to define those factors which favor or disfavor tourism. The author also classified various tourist attractions in Gyeongju. The data for this research was compiled from 338 foreign tourists visiting Gyeongju during the two peak periods, April 20 to May 30 and September 20 to October 30, 1980. A total of 1000 foreign tourists were sent questionnaires. The number of responses were 338, reflecting a return rate of 33.8 percent. Supplementary data and information also had been collected from the authorities concerned and though individual interviews. As a result of survey research, the following suggestions should be adopted to promote tourism and to develop tourist strategies: 1. To attract more group inclusive tourists from American and Europe, the authorities concerned should encourage and support the International Travel Agencies to develop various package tour programs. In order to carry out the program more effectively, tourist advertisements should be developed properly and delivered efficiently. Cultural attractions including temples and monuments should be stressed in tourist promotion to oriental peoples while the people of korea and their life style should be stressed in materials sent to Westerners. 2. In order to meet the visitors demand in purchasing souvenirs, more earthenware and ceramic manufactures and various handicraft factories should be costructed and operated properly so as to increase the residents income through the tourist business. 3. The following suggestions should be adopted in planning and implementing the adminstration of tourism: (1) Conduct a customers service training for taxi drivers in Gyeongju on a weekly basis. (2) Establish conversation classes in English and Japaness for tourist business employees to train then how to communicate with foreign customers. (3) Conduct effective service training for service point employees in the tourist industry periodically. Finally, the authorities concerned should provide audio-visual materials(films or slides) to educate the people of Gyeongju on the importance of tourism and its impact on their local society and economy. The people of Gyeongju should realize that it is they. the residents, who are unique tourist attraction.