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Xinyan Li,Mozhi Wang,Mengshen Wang,Xueting Yu,Jingyi Guo,Tie Sun,Litong Yao,Qiang Zhang,Yingying Xu 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.4
Currently, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard therapeutic strategy for breast cancer, as it can provide timely and individualized chemo-sensitivity information and is beneficial for custom-designing subsequent treatment strategies. To accurately select candidates for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the association between various immunohistochemical biomarkers of primary disease and tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been investigated, and results have shown that certain pathological indicators evaluated after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are associated with long-term prognosis. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended that complete pathological response can be used as a surrogate endpoint for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which is related to better prognosis. Considering that residual tumor persists in the majority of patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the value of various pathological indicators of residual disease in predicting the long-term outcomes is being extensively investigated. This review summarizes and compares various predictive and prognostic indicators for patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and analyzes their efficacy in different breast cancer subtypes.
Litong Yao,Xiaoyan Liu,Mozhi Wang,Keda Yu,Shouping Xu,Pengfei Qiu,Zhidong Lv,Xinwen Zhang,Yingying Xu 한국유방암학회 2023 Journal of breast cancer Vol.26 No.2
Purpose: We aimed to identify effectiveness-associated indicators and evaluate the optimal tumor reduction rate (TRR) after two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with invasive breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective case-control study included patients who underwent at least four cycles of NAC at the Department of Breast Surgery between February 2013 and February 2020. A regression nomogram model for predicting pathological responses was constructed based on potential indicators. Results: A total of 784 patients were included, of whom 170 (21.68%) reported pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC and 614 (78.32%) had residual invasive tumors. The clinical T stage, clinical N stage, molecular subtype, and TRR were identified as independent predictors of pCR. Patients with a TRR > 35% were more likely to achieve pCR (odds ratio, 5.396; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.299–8.825). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted using the probability value, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.892 (95% CI, 0.863–0.922). Conclusion: TRR > 35% is predictive of pCR after two cycles of NAC, and an early evaluation model using a nomogram based on five indicators, age, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, molecular subtype, and TRR, is applicable in patients with invasive breast cancer.
Mohit H,Arul Mozhi Selvan V 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.9
In the present study, a novel chemical treatment has been introduced for the extraction of nano-cellulose fibers(NCF) from waste sugarcane bagasse and applied as a reinforcement material to enhance the mechanical, corrosion andtribological properties of epoxy-based bio-nanocomposites. The experimental design was selected as per central compositedesign (response surface methodology) to optimize the effect of fiber concentration (2.93 to 17.07 wt.%) and sonication time(47.57 to 132.43 min). From the analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, it was found that the fiber concentration andsonication played a significant role in the mechanical properties. In order to simultaneously maximize the mechanicalproperties such as tensile, compression, flexural, impact strength and Rockwell hardness, the optimal values of nanocellulosefiber and sonication time was found to be 10 wt.% and 120 min respectively. From the normal distribution plot, it is foundthat there is a good agreement between experimental results and developed CCD model. The chemically treatednanocellulose fiber reinforcement in epoxy polymer improved the mechanical, corrosion and wear resistance properties. Totalwear rate of chemically treated fibers reinforced epoxy nanocomposites reduced up to 21.67 % when compared with the neatepoxy polymer. The scanning electron microscope analysis on the sugarcane nanocellulose fiber reinforced epoxynanocomposites revealed good dispersion of nanocellulose in the polymer matrix, which cause for the improved mechanical,corrosion and wear resistance characteristics.
Xinyan Li,Litong Yao,Mozhi Wang,Mengshen Wang,Xiang Li,Xueting Yu,Jingyi Guo,Haoran Dong,Xiangyu Sun,Yingying Xu 한국유방암학회 2020 Journal of breast cancer Vol.23 No.4
Purpose: Combining targeted agents with adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs survival in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer patients, but also increases the risk of adverse effects. The updated results of 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were reported in 2019. Given the lack of adequate head-to-head pairwise assessment for anti-HER2 agents, network meta-analysis facilitates obtaining more precise inference for evidence-based therapy. Methods: RCTs comparing at least 2 anti-HER2 regimens in an adjuvant setting for HER2- positive early-stage breast cancer (EBC) were included. Hazard ratios for overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS), with respective 95% confidence intervals were pooled for assessment of efficacy. A Bayesian statistical model was used, and odds ratios (ORs) for adverse events (AEs) were used to pool effect sizes. Results: We demonstrated that 1-year trastuzumab plus chemotherapy had increased efficacy compared to shorter or longer treatment duration. The OR of cardiac events gradually increased from 6 months to 1 and 2-year trastuzumab arms, relative to chemotherapy only. Compared to trastuzumab plus chemotherapy, dual HER2-targeting therapies increased DFS, especially for hormone receptor negative patients. Dual anti-HER2 blockade regimens revealed an increased probability of gastrointestinal reactions. As a second agent, pertuzumab showed significantly higher DFS and OS. Conclusion: We conclude that 1-year adjuvant trastuzumab should remain as the standard treatment for HER2-positive EBC patients, as it has greater efficacy and a manageable proportion of AEs. Clinical efficacy can be increased for hormone receptor-negative tumors by including a second HER2-targeted agent to the treatment regimen. For hormone receptor-positive cases with basal disease, it is acceptable to reduce the risk of cardiotoxicity by shortening the duration of trastuzumab.
Effect of Supply Air Failure on Cabin Pressure Control System of a Fighter Aircraft
Sathiyaseelan Arunachalam,Arul Mozhi Selvan Varadappan 한국항공우주학회 2023 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.24 No.2
The aircraft cabin pressurization system maintains a safe and comfortable environment in the cabin for the crew and the passengers on board in the way of pressurizing the cabin and allows the flight crew to operate efficiently for the entire range of aircraft altitude. Cabin pressurization schedule depends on the altitude up to which the aircraft flies, the breathing and comfort requirements of the crew or personnel on board. This pressurization or the system performance is affected by various parameters such as aircraft altitude, Rate of Climb (RoC), Rate of Descent (RoD), aircraft attitude, cabin supply air pressure and flow rate. When cabin pressurization fails, the fighter pilot is instructed to descend below some specified altitude ASAP which reasons for the higher RoD of aircraft altitude. But, in a war scenario, the requirement to descend to a lower altitude with higher RoD may not be appropriate. In this paper, simulation research on the cabin pressurization system of a fighter aircraft is carried out to find the impact of aircraft descent rate (RoD) on the system performance. The dynamic changes in the cabin pressure/ cabin altitude are investigated with the focus on re-examining the requirement of higher RoD after cabin pressurization failure. As the combat aircraft flies at high altitudes, generally up to 60,000 ft in the case of modern fighters, this study considers different cruise altitudes up to 60,000 ft. A pneumatically operated cabin pressurization system and its pressurization schedule are explained with the case studies of cabin air supply failure at various altitudes. The system was modeled in AMESim and the dynamic behavior of the system and its components were studied. The model was validated with the actual data and then simulated for various flight profiles with different RoD and RoC. The system performance is investigated by finding out the Time of Useful Consciousness (TUC) after the failure. The RoC of 2000 ft/min, 4000 ft/min, and 6000 ft/min and the RoD of 4000 ft/min, and 10,000 ft/min are considered. Finally, based on the simulated results, it is suggested that the higher rate of descent (RoD) after failure is not needed if the aircraft altitude at which failure occurs is below 40,000 ft.