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( Motohiko Hara ),( Hiromi Nakamura Thomas ),( Kuniyasu Takahashi ),( Hiroaki Nobuhara ),( Ikuo Murohashi ),( Sachiko Yoshioka ),( Akira Haketa ),( Takahiro Ueno ),( Masayoshi Soma ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: We studied changes of physical strength, serum adiponectin and serum lipids in the same elder individuals for 5-years. Methods: We examined 156 volunteers (37 males and 119 females, mean age: 71. 5 years) in Ogano- town, Saitama, Japan. All subjects were examined in a battery of physical strength tests and serum laboratory examinations including BMI, blood pressure (BP), grip strength (GS), 10m walking time (10m WT), timed up and go test (TUG) and serum examinations consisting of HDL-cholesterol (HDL), triglyceride (TG) and adiponectin. All subjects were re-tested the battery of tests 5 years later. Results: In the 5-years, the significant changes from the baseline showed in the mean values of GS, TUG and serum adiponectin (males:6. 5μg/ml to 4. 8μg/ml, females: 8. 8μg/ml to 6. 7μg/ml) (p<0. 05, paired-t test). We divided the subjects into 3 groups by serum adiponectin levels; less than 4. 0μg/ml (19 males and 27 females), 4. 0 to 10. 0μg/ ml (14males and 72 females) and higher than 10. 0μg/ml (4 males and 20 females), and compared each groups. In the group of low adiponectin level, mean values of TG (males: 191. 7mg/dl, females: 176. 9mg/dl) was signifi cant higher than that of normal adiponectin level group (TG: males:116. 9mg/dl, females:138. 2mg/dl) and high adiponectin level group (TG: males: 102. 6mg/dl, females: 102. 7mg/dl), and mean values of HDL (males: 48. 5mg/ dl, females: 53. 0mg/dl) was signifi cant lower than that of normal adiponectin level group (HDL: males: 56. 8mg/dl, females: 58. 1mg/dl) and high adiponectin level group (HDL: males: 64. 3mg/dl, females: 70. 0mg/dl) in both of males and females. Conclusions: In elderly, 5-year changes are clear in physical tests. Serum adiponectin level showed decreasing for 5-years in males and females, and low serum adiponectin value has some relation with serum high TG and low HDL.
Hikuma, Motohiko,Nakajima, Masanori,Hirai, Toshiaki,Matsuoka, Hiroshi The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2002 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.7 No.5
To detect whole ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the activated sludge, group-specific primers targeting the 16S-rRNA gene of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were used. The electrophoresis pattern of the PCR products seemed to produce a single band of approximately 1.0 k bp for the bacteria in activated sludge and Nitrosomonas europaea. No band was observed for nitrite-oxidizer Nitrobacter winogradskyi and heterotrophs such as Pseudomonas putida. Then direct measurement of the PCR product was made by fluorometry using the reagent Hoechist 33258, so that the fluorescent intensity was in proportional to the cell number of the sample up to 240. Total time required for the test was about 4 h including DNA extraction. The DNA fragments produced were cloned and their sequences showed high similarity to those of Nitrosomonas spp. This study showed the feasibility to detect ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and to esti-mate their population rapidly for the control of the nitrogen elimination process.
Constraints on modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity during big bang nucleosynthesis
Kusakabe, Motohiko,Koh, Seoktae,Kim, K. S.,Cheoun, Myung-Ki American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review D Vol.93 No.4
<P>Modified gravity is considered to be one of the possible explanations of the accelerated expansions of the present and the early universe. We study the effects of modified gravity on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). If the effects of modified gravity are significant during the BBN epoch, they should be observed as changes of primordial light element abundances. We assume a f(G) term with the Gauss-Bonnet term G, during the BBN epoch. A power-law relation of df/dG proportional to t(p) where t is the cosmic time was assumed for the function f(G) as an example case. We solve time evolutions of physical variables during BBN in the f(G) gravity model numerically, and we analyzed the calculated results. It is found that a proper solution for the cosmic expansion rate can be lost in some parameter region. In addition, we show that calculated results of primordial light element abundances can be significantly different from observational data. Especially, observational limits on the primordial D abundance leads to the strongest constraint on the f(G) gravity. We then derive constraints on parameters of the f(G) gravity taking into account the existence of the solution of expansion rate and final light element abundances.</P>