Effect of additives on ignition of methane at homogeneous charge compression ignition engine-like conditions

Morsy, M. H.,Chung, S. H. Professional Engineering Publishing Ltd 2007 Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engin Vol.221 No.5

Influence of Sunflower Whole Seeds or Oil on Ruminal Fermentation, Milk Production, Composition, and Fatty Acid Profile in Lactating Goats

Morsy, T.A.,Kholif, S.M.,Kholif, A.E.,Matloup, O.H.,Salem, A.Z.M.,Elella, A. Abu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8

This study aimed to investigate the effect of sunflower seeds, either as whole or as oil, on rumen fermentation, milk production, milk composition and fatty acids profile in dairy goats. Fifteen lactating Damascus goats were divided randomly into three groups (n = 5) fed a basal diet of concentrate feed mixture and fresh Trifolium alexandrinum at 50:50 on dry matter basis (Control) in addition to 50 g/head/d sunflower seeds whole (SS) or 20 mL/head/d sunflower seeds oil (SO) in a complete randomized design. Milk was sampled every two weeks during 90 days of experimental period for chemical analysis and rumen was sampled at 30, 60, and 90 days of the experiment for ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids (tVFA), and ammonia-N determination. Addition of SO decreased (p = 0.017) ruminal pH, whereas SO and SS increased tVFA (p<0.001) and acetate (p = 0.034) concentrations. Serum glucose increased (p = 0.013) in SO and SS goats vs Control. The SO and SS treated goats had improved milk yield (p = 0.007) and milk fat content (p = 0.002). Moreover, SO increased milk lactose content (p = 0.048) and feed efficiency (p = 0.046) compared to Control. Both of SS and SO increased (p<0.05) milk unsaturated fatty acids content specially conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) vs Control. Addition of SS and SO increased (p = 0. 021) C18:3N3 fatty acid compared to Control diet. Data suggested that addition of either SS or SO to lactating goats ration had beneficial effects on milk yield and milk composition with enhancing milk content of healthy fatty acids (CLA and omega 3), without detrimental effects on animal performance.

PILOT INJECTION OF DME FOR IGNITION OF NATURAL GAS AT DUAL FUEL ENGINE-LIKE CONDITIONS

MORSY M. H.,AHN D. H.,CHUNG S. H. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.1

The ignition delay of a dual fuel system has been numerically investigated by adopting a constant volume chamber as a model problem simulating diesel engine relevant conditions. A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism, consisting of 28 species and 135 elementary reactions, of dimethyl ether (DME) with methane ($CH_{4}$) sub-mechanism has been used in conjunction with the multi-dimensional reactive flow KIVA-3V code to simulate the autoignition process. The start of ignition was defined as the moment when the maximum temperature in the combustion vessel reached to 1900 K with which a best agreement with existing experiment was achieved. Ignition delays of liquid DME injected into air at various high pressures and temperatures compared well with the existing experimental results in a combustion bomb. When a small quantity of liquid DME was injected into premixtures of $CH_{4}$/air, the ignition delay times of the dual fuel system are longer than that observed with DME only, especially at higher initial temperatures. The variation in the ignition delay between DME only and dual fuel case tend to be constant for lower initial temperatures. It was also found that the predicted values of the ignition delay in dual fuel operation are dependent on the concentration of the gaseous $CH_{4}$ in the chamber charge and less dependent on the injected mass of DME. Temperature and equivalence ratio contours of the combustion process showed that the ignition commonly starts in the boundary at which near stoichiometric mixtures could exists. Parametric studies are also conducted to show the effect of additive such as hydrogen peroxide in the ignition delay. Apart from accurate predictions of ignition delay, the coupling between multi-dimensional flow and multi-step chemistry is essential to reveal detailed features of the ignition process.

Effect of elevated temperature on physico-mechanical properties of metakaolin blended cement mortar

Morsy, M.S.,Rashad, A.M.,El-Nouhy, H.A. Techno-Press 2009 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.31 No.1

An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the performance of mortars with and without Metakaolin (MK) exposed to elevated temperatures $200^{\circ}C$, $400^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$ and $800^{\circ}C$ for two hours. The binder to sand ratio was kept constant (1:5.23). The ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was replaced with MK at 0%, 5%, 10% 20% and 30%. All mixtures were designed to have a flow of $94{\pm}5%$. The compressive strength of mortars before and after exposure to elevated temperature was determined. The formation of various decomposition phases were identified using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The microstructure of the mortars was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Test results indicated that MK improves the compressive strength before and after exposure to elevated temperature and that the 20% cement replacement of MK is the optimum percentage.

Heavy Metals Biosorption from Aqueous Solution by Endophytic Drechslera hawaiiensis of Morus alba L. Derived from Heavy Metals Habitats

( Mervat Morsy Abbas Ahmed El-gendy ),( Naziha M. Hassanein ),( Hussein Abd El-hay Ibrahim ),( Doaa H. Abd El-baky ) 한국균학회 2017 Mycobiology Vol.45 No.2

The ability of dead cells of endophytic Drechslera hawaiiensis of Morus alba L. grown in heavy metals habitats for bioremoval of cadmium (Cd²⁺), copper (Cu²⁺), and lead (Pb²⁺) in aqueous solution was evaluated under different conditions. Whereas the highest extent of Cd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ removal and uptake occurred at pH 8 as well as Pb²⁺ occurred at neutral pH (6-7) after equilibrium time 10 min. Initial concentration 30 mg/L of Cd⁺² for 10 min contact time and 50 to 90 mg/L of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ supported the highest biosorption after optimal contact time of 30 min achieved with biomass dose equal to 5 mg of dried died biomass of D. hawaiiensis. The maximum removal of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb² equal to 100%, 100%, and 99.6% with uptake capacity estimated to be 0.28, 2.33, and 9.63 mg/g from real industrial wastewater, respectively were achieved within 3 hr contact time at pH 7.0, 7.0, and 6.0, respectively by using the dead biomass of D. hawaiiensis compared to 94.7%, 98%, and 99.26% removal with uptake equal to 0.264, 2.3, and 9.58 mg/g of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺, respectively with the living cells of the strain under the same conditions. The biosorbent was analyzed by Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis to identify the various functional groups contributing in the sorption process. From FT-IR spectra analysis, hydroxyl and amides were the major functional groups contributed in biosorption process. It was concluded that endophytic D. hawaiiensis biomass can be used potentially as biosorbent for removing Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ in aqueous solutions.

Genome Shuffling of Mangrove Endophytic Aspergillus luchuensis MERV10 for Improving the Cholesterol-Lowering Agent Lovastatin under Solid State Fermentation

( Mervat Morsy Abbas Ahmed El-gendy ),( Hind A. A. Al-zahrani ),( Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed El-bondkly ) 한국균학회 2016 Mycobiology Vol.44 No.3

In the screening of marine mangrove derived fungi for lovastatin productivity, endophytic Aspergillus luchuensis MERV10 exhibited the highest lovastatin productivity (9.5 mg/gds) in solid state fermentation (SSF) using rice bran. Aspergillus luchuensis MERV10 was used as the parental strain in which to induce genetic variabilities after application of different mixtures as well as doses of mutagens followed by three successive rounds of genome shuffling. Four potent mutants, UN6, UN28, NE11, and NE23, with lovastatin productivity equal to 2.0-, 2.11-, 1.95-, and 2.11-fold higher than the parental strain, respectively, were applied for three rounds of genome shuffling as the initial mutants. Four hereditarily stable recombinants (F3/3, F3/7, F3/9, and F3/13) were obtained with lovastatin productivity equal to 50.8, 57.0, 49.7, and 51.0 mg/gds, respectively. Recombinant strain F3/7 yielded 57.0 mg/gds of lovastatin, which is 6-fold and 2.85-fold higher, respectively, than the initial parental strain and the highest mutants UN28 and NE23. It was therefore selected for the optimization of lovastatin production through improvement of SSF parameters. Lovastatin productivity was increased 32-fold through strain improvement methods, including mutations and three successive rounds of genome shuffling followed by optimizing SSF factors.

Low Cost Alcoholic Breath Sensor Based on SnO2 Modified with CNTs and Graphene

M. Morsy,I. S. Yahia,H. Y. Zahran,M. Ibrahim 한국물리학회 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.73 No.10

In this work, SnO2 modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) separately and combined sensitized by using the co-precipitation method and their sensing behavior toward ethanol vapor at room temperature were investigated. An interdigitated electrode (IDE) gold substrate is very expensive compared to a uorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate; hence, we used the latter to reduce the fabrication cost. The structure and the morphology of the studied materials were characterized by using differential thermal analyses (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Barrett-Joyner- Halenda (BJH) pore size measurements. The studied composites were subjected to ethanol in its gas phase at concentrations from 10 to 200 ppm. The present composites showed high-performance sensitivity for many reasons: the incorporation of SnO2 and CNTs which prevents the agglomeration of rGO sheets, the formation of a 3D mesopourus structure and an increase in the surface area. The decoration with rGO and CNTs led to more active sites, such as vacancies, which increased the adsorption of ethanol gas. In addition, the mesopore structure and the nano size of the SnO2 particles allowed an ecient diffusion of gases to the active sites. Based on these results, the present composites should be considered as ecient and low-cost sensors for alcohol.

Environmental analysis of present and future fuels in 2D simple model marine gas tubines

M. Morsy El Gohary 대한조선학회 2013 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.5 No.4

Increased worldwide concerns about fossil fuel costs and effects on the environment lead many governments and scientific societies to consider the hydrogen as the fuel of the future. Many researches have been made to assess the suitability of using the hydrogen gas as fuel for internal combustion engines and gas turbines; this suitability was assessed from several viewpoints including the combustion characteristics, the fuel production and storage and also the thermodynamic cycle changes with the application of hydrogen instead of ordinary fossil fuels. This paper introduces the basic environmental differences happening when changing the fuel of a marine gas turbine from marine diesel fuel to gaseous hydrogen for the same power output. Environmentally, the hydrogen is the best when the CO2emissions are considered, zero carbon dioxide emissions can be theoretically attained. But when the NOx emissions are considered, the hydrogen is not the best based on the unit heat input. The hydrogen produces 270% more NOx than the diesel case without any control measures. This is primarily due to the increased air flow rate bringing more nitrogen into the combustion chamber and the increased combustion temperature (10% more than the diesel case). Efficient and of course expensive NOx control measures are a must to control these emissions levels.

Utilization of alternative marine fuels for gas turbine power plant onboard ships

M. Morsy El Gohary,Ibrahim Sadek Seddiek 대한조선학회 2013 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.5 No.1

Marine transportation industry is undergoing a number of problems. Some of these problems are associated with conventional marine fuel-oils. Many researchers have showed that fuel-oil is considered as the main component that causes both environmental and economic problems, especially with the continuous rising of fuel cost. This paper investigates the capability of using natural gas and hydrogen as alternative fuel instead of diesel oil for marine gas turbine, the effect of the alternative fuel on gas turbine thermodynamic performance and the employed mathematical model. The results showed that since the natural gas is categorized as hydrocarbon fuel, the thermodynamic performance of the gas turbine cycle using the natural gas was found to be close to the diesel case performance. The gas turbine thermal efficiency was found to be 1% less in the case of hydrogen compared to the original case of diesel.

Future Voyage Data Recorder Based on Multi-Sensors and Human Machine Interface for Marine Accident

I. Morsi,M. S. Zaghloul,N.Essam 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

Voyage data recorders (VDR) enable accident investigators to review procedures and instructions before an incident and help to identify the cause of any accident. The Future data recording should be capable of recording data audio and video during day and night. The recording should be of high integrity, digital as well as independent of ship supplies. Voyage data recorder, popular name black- box, is used for recording all kinds of navigation information. VDR is a data recording system designed for all vessels required to comply with the International Maritime Organization IMO"s and International Convention safety of life at sea SOLAS requirements (IMO). Data from various sensors on board the vessel is collected, digitized, compressed and then stored in an externally mounted protective storage unit. The protective storage unit is a tamper-proof unit designed to with stand the extreme shock impact, pressure and heat, which could be associated with a marine incident (fire, explosion, collision, sinking, etc). This research realizes the importance of obtaining these stored data for accident analysis. This paper considers a real case accident, by downloading and replaying the data of real black box for a sunken ship in the red sea. Eventually, video recorded data of the accident will be more helpful to the investigation.