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Amruta Morone,Tapan Chakrabarti,R. A. Pandey 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.12
The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of variable sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) loading during wet air oxidation (WAO) pretreatment of rice straw in reducing biomass recalcitrance. The research study was intended to increase the cellulose recovery, hemicellulose solubilization, lignin removal in the solid fraction and limiting the generation of inhibitors in the liquid fraction while reducing the chemical input. The operating condition of 169 oC, 4 bar, 18 min and 6.5 g/L Na2CO3 loading resulted in maximum cellulose recovery of 82.07% and hemicellulose solubilization and lignin removal of 85.43% and 65.42%, respectively, with a total phenolic content of 0.36 g/L in the liquid fraction. The crystallinity index increased from 47.69 to 51.25 along with enzymatic digestibility with an increase in Na2CO3 loading from 0 to 6.5 g/L as a result of removal of barriers for saccharification via effective cleavage of ether and ester bonds cross-linking the carbohydrates and lignin as indicated by FT-IR spectroscopy. A further increase in the Na2CO3 loading to 9.5 g/L did not significantly increase the sugar release. Thus, it was concluded that 6.5 g/L Na2CO3 during WAO is sufficient to increase the delignification and deacetylation, leading to significant changes in apparent cellulose crystallinity inter alia improvement in cellulose accessibility and digestibility of rice straw.
Kshitiz Dwivedi,Amruta Morone,Vishwas Pratape,Tapan Chakrabarti,Ram Avtar Pandey 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.10
The manufacturing of the antiepileptics, carbamazepine (CBZ) and oxcarbazepine (oxCBZ), results in generation of wastewater containing these micropollutants which exhibit toxicity even at trace levels. Therefore, we focused on monitoring their fate and removal in various units of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using mass balance approach. An apparent CBZ removal of 50±3% was observed by conventional activated sludge process in the biological treatment unit, whereas oxCBZ still persisted after the biological treatment and showed negative mass balance. However, reverse osmosis resulted in 91% oxCBZ removal, whereas CBZ still continued to persist as a result of lower solubility of CBZ as compared to oxCBZ. Only 3% CBZ exhibited sorption onto the suspended solids and sludge, which was negligible for oxCBZ, thus demonstrating their tendency to remain in aqueous phase. Additionally, we attempted to understand the fundamental mechanism behind the removal of these pharmaceuticals and it was apparently the collective effect of sorption, mineralization, biotransformation, biodegradation, phototransformation/ photodegradation, etc. Thus, the integrative data presented in the present study on productivity of these pharmaceuticals, their mass loading in influent and effluents allied with their removal efficiency will be significantly constructive in benchmarking the operational effectiveness through operational optimization and design improvement of the current conventional treatment plant.
The capture of small variations in interior noise levels using PowerFLOW
Dr. Stephane Cyr,Eui-Sung Choi,Philippe Moron,Siva Senthooran 한국소음진동공학회 2014 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
Hyundai Motor Company is proposing the fourth evolution of their Hyundai Simplified Model as benchmark results for the validation of CFD codes in aeroacoustics and noise transmission to the interior of a cabin. The focus of this benchmark is on variations in noise level induced by small typical geometry changes that can be found in a car development program. This article presents the noise transmission results obtained with PowerFLOW in combination with a SEA model and shows that it is possible to capture small variations in noise level with a lattice Boltzmann method based code.
Numata, Tomohiro,Murakami, Tatsuya,Kawashima, Fumiaki,Morone, Nobuhiro,Heuser, John E.,Takano, Yuta,Ohkubo, Kei,Fukuzumi, Shunichi,Mori, Yasuo,Imahori, Hiroshi American Chemical Society 2012 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.134 No.14
<P>The control of ion transport across cell membranes by light is an attractive strategy that allows targeted, fast control of precisely defined events in the biological membrane, Here we report a novel general strategy for the control of membrane potential and ion transport by using charge-separation molecules and light. Delivery of charge-separation molecules to the plasma membrane of PC12 cells by a membranous nanocarrier and subsequent light irradiation led to depolarization of the membrane potential as well as inhibition of the potassium ion flow across the membrane. Photoregulation of the cell membrane potential and ion transport by using charge-separation molecules is highly promising for control of cell functions.</P>
Salvador Israel Macías-Hernández,Juan Daniel Morones-Alba,Irene Tapia-Ferrusco,Oscar Benjamín Vélez-Gutiérrez,Cristina Hernández-Diaz,Tania Inés Nava-Bringas,Eva Cruz-Medina,Lya Contreras-del Toro,Ma. 대한구강악안면외과학회 2022 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.48 No.1
Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent and disabling joint disease in the world. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) exercise is a widely used treatment and could be a beneficial and long-term tool for treating TMJ OA. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of therapeutic exercise in the conservative treatment of TMJ OA. Materials and Methods: A single-group experimental pre-post test was performed. We included patients who met the diagnostic criteria for TMJ OA. Outcome variables were pain intensity (visual analogue scale), functionality (Helkimo index), and structural changes (ultrasound). Follow-up peri-ods were at months 1, 3, and 6. The intervention included a home-based program with thermotherapy, manual therapy, and therapeutic exercise during the entire follow-up period. Results: We included 15 patients and 26 joints, all women with a median age of 57 years (range, 49-62 years). Median change in pain intensity on joint palpation, mouth opening, and at rest at the first month was 47.5 mm, 51 mm, and 60 mm, respectively, and 48 mm, 49.5 mm, and 42.5 mm, at six months (P=0.001). The Helkimo index showed significant improvement in medians from baseline severe dysfunction (17 points) to minimal dys-function at three and six months (2 points) (P=0.001). Ultrasound showed improved disc position. Conclusion: This study demonstrated significant improvements in pain, function, and joint disc position and represents a valuable tool for the long-term treatment of patients with TMJ OA.
Power Electronics Open-Source Educational Platform
Pozo-Ruz, Ana,Aguilera, F. David Trujillo,Moron, M. Jose,Rivas, Ernesto The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.5
Learning Power Electronics is essential in both electrical and electronic engineering fields and the introductory courses are similar in many universities. Taking this premise into account, an educational computer-aided platform for power electronics will be presented in this paper. This educational platform includes an e-book, a set of power electronics animations, Java simulations, as well as several hands-on training sessions. The main advantages of this platform are twofold. First, all necessary teaching tools are combined on a single platform. And secondly, access to this platform is available free of charge and with no complicated registration requirements. In addition to traditional teaching techniques, the use of this platform has demonstrated an increase in student participation and has consistently improved their academic performance. Data consist of surveys, which guarantee both reliability and validity through psychometric techniques.