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Morgenthal, Guido,McRobie, Allan Techno-Press 2002 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.5 No.2
Both a Finite Volume and a Discrete Vortex technique to solve the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations have been employed to study the air flow around long-span bridge decks. The implementation and calibration of both methods is described alongside a quasi-3D extension added to the DVM solver. Applications to the wind engineering of bridge decks include flow simulations at different angles of attack, calculation of aerodynamic derivatives and fluid-structure interaction analyses. These are being presented and their specific features described. If a numerical method shall be employed in a practical design environment, it is judged not only by its accuracy but also by factors like versatility, computational cost and ease of use. Conclusions are drawn from the analyses to address the question of whether computer simulations can be practical design tools for the wind engineering of bridge decks.
Park, Jinkyoo,Morgenthal, Guido,Kim, Kyoungmin,Kwon, Soon-Duck,Law, Kincho H Sage Science Press (UK) 2014 Journal of intelligent material systems and struct Vol. No.
<P>H- and T-shaped cross sections are known to be susceptible to rotational single-degree-of-freedom aerodynamic instabilities. Here, such self-excited aerodynamic response of a T-shaped cantilever structure is used to extract energy, which is then converted into electric power through an electromagnetic transducer. The complex fluid–structure interaction between the cantilever harvester and wind flow is analyzed numerically and experimentally. To study the dynamic response of the cantilever and estimate the power output from the harvester, numerical simulations based on the vortex particle method are performed to determine the aerodynamic damping of the harvester section and to analyze the stability behavior of the section. The estimated aerodynamic damping parameter together with the mechanical and electrical damping parameters in the harvester are used to find the critical wind speed of flutter onset as well as the optimum load resistance. Wind tunnel experiments are conducted to validate the simulation results.</P>
IMPACT OF UPPER AIRWAY RESISTANCE SYNDROME IN BARIATRIC SURGERY
Park, John G.,Morgenthaler, Timothy I.,Olson, Eric J. Elsevier 2005 Chest Vol.128 No.4
<P>STUDY OBJECTIVES: Experimental studies on asthma have indicated that interleukin (IL)-13 induces airway hyperreactivity (AHR). However, it remains unproven that IL-13 is responsible for AHR in asthmatic patients. Eosinophilic bronchitis (EB) shows normal airway responsiveness despite eosinophilic airway inflammation of severity similar to that of asthma. This study evaluated the role of IL-13 in asthma by comparing the sputum IL-5 and IL-13 levels in both groups. METHODS: Comparisons between asthma and EB would clarify the role of IL-13 in AHR. IL-5 and IL-13 were assayed in the sputum and culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 22 asthmatic patients, 12 EB patients, and 11 healthy control subjects. RESULTS: IL-13 levels were higher in the asthmatic patients than in the EB patients or healthy control subjects (p = 0.001). IL-5 levels were similar in the asthmatic patients and EB patients, who had significantly higher levels than those of healthy control subjects. Sputum IL-13, but not IL-5, is inversely correlated with the provocative concentration of a substance causing a 20% fall in FEV1 for methacholine in asthmatic patients (r = -0.502; p = 0.017). IL-13 production by PBMCs was significantly higher in asthmatic patients than in EB patients (p = 0.015), but the levels between EB patients and healthy control subjects was comparable. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that IL-13 is related to AHR in asthmatic patients.</P>