Larvicidal activity of affinin and its derived amides fromHeliopsis longipes A. Gray Blake against Anopheles albimanus and Aedes aegypti

Alejandro Hernández-Morales,Jackeline Lizzeta Arvizu-Gómez,Candy Carranza-Álvarez,Blanca Estela Gómez-Luna,Brenda Alvarado-Sánchez,Enrique Ramírez-Chávez,Jorge Molina-Torres 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.2

Heliopsis longipes has been recognized as a potential source of insecticidal compounds called alkamides, which can be used to control populations of insect vector transmitters of several diseases that affect the human health. To determine the insecticidal activity of H. longipes against Anopheles albimanus and Aedes aegypti, crude extract of H. longipes roots and affininwere obtained. Catalytic reduction of affininwas performed to obtain two reduced amides, N-isobutil-2E-decenamide and N-isobutil-decanamide. Crude extract, affinin and its reduced amides were evaluated against third instar larvae of An. albimanus and Ae. aegypti. Results show that crude extract of H. longipes possess larvicidal activity against larval stage of An. albimanus and Ae. aegypti. This effect could be attributed to affinin, on which the conjugated double bonds present in the structure of the molecule are necessary to maintain larvicidal activity. This study demonstrated the potential of H. longipes to control larval stage of An. albimanus and Ae. aegypti, transmitter vectors of malaria and dengue fever, respectively.

Low-Scale Expression and Purification of an Active Putative Iduronate 2-Sulfate Sulfatase-Like Enzyme from Escherichia coli K12

Edwin David Morales-Álvarez,Claudia Marcela Rivera-Hoyos,Angélica María Baena-Moncada,Patricia Landázuri,Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales,Homero Sáenz-Suárez,Luis A. Barrera,Olga Y. Echeverri-Peña 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.2

The sulfatase family involves a group of enzymes with a large degree of similarity. Until now, sixteen human sulfatases have been identified, most of them found in lysosomes. Human deficiency of sulfatases generates various genetic disorders characterized by abnormal accumulation of sulfated intermediate compounds. Mucopolysaccharidosis type II is characterized by the deficiency of iduronate 2-sulfate sulfatase (IDS), causing the lysosomal accumulation of heparan and dermatan sulfates. Currently, there are several cases of genetic diseases treated with enzyme replacement therapy, which have generated a great interest in the development of systems for recombinant protein expression. In this work we expressed the human recombinant IDS-Like enzyme (hrIDS-Like) in Escherichia coli DH5α. The enzyme concentration revealed by ELISA varied from 78.13 to 94.35 ng/ml and the specific activity varied from 34.20 to 25.97 nmol/h/mg. Western blotting done after affinity chromatography purification showed a single band of approximately 40 kDa, which was recognized by an IgY polyclonal antibody that was developed against the specific peptide of the native protein. Our 100 ml-shake-flask assays allowed us to improve the enzyme activity seven fold,compared to the E. coli JM109/pUC13-hrIDS-Like system. Additionally, the results obtained in the present study were equal to those obtained with the Pichia pastoris GS1115/pPIC-9-hrIDS-Like system (3 L bioreactor scale). The system used in this work (E. coli DH5α/pGEX-3X-hrIDS-Like)emerges as a strategy for improving protein expression and purification, aimed at recombinant protein chemical characterization,future laboratory assays for enzyme replacement therapy, and as new evidence of active putative sulfatase production in E. coli.

Potential applications of recombinant bifidobacterial proteins in the food industry, biomedicine, process innovation and glycobiology

Jose A. Morales-Contreras,Jessica E. Rodrıguez-Perez,Carlos A. A lvarez-Gonzalez,Mirian C. Martınez-Lopez,Isela E. Juarez-Rojop,Angela A vila-Fernandez 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.10

Bifidobacterial proteins have been widely studiedto elucidate the metabolic mechanisms of diet adaptationand survival of Bifidobacteria, among others. The use ofheterologous expression systems to obtain proteins in sufficientquantities to be characterized has been essential inthese studies. L. lactis and the same Bifidobacterium asexpression systems highlight ways to corroborate some ofthe functions attributed to these proteins. The most studiedproteins are enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism,particularly glycosidases, due to their potential applicationin the synthesis of neoglycoconjugates, prebioticneooligosaccharides, and active metabolites as well as theirhigh specificity and efficiency in processing glycoconjugates. In this review, we classified the recombinant bifidobacterialproteins reported to date whose characterizationhas demonstrated their usefulness or their ability to producea product of commercial interest for the food industry,biomedicine, process innovation and glycobiology. Futuredirections for their study are also discussed.

The Phospholipid Linoleoylglycerophosphocholine as a Biomarker of Directly Measured Insulin Resistance

Maria Camila Pérez-Matos,Martha Catalina Morales-Álvarez,Freddy Jean Karlo Toloza,Maria Laura Ricardo-Silgado,Jose Oscar Mantilla-Rivas,Jairo Arturo Pinzón-Cortes,Maritza Perez-Mayorga,Elizabeth Jimén 대한당뇨병학회 2017 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.41 No.6

Background: Plasma concentrations of some lysophospholipids correlate with metabolic alterations in humans, but their potential as biomarkers of insulin resistance (IR) is insufficiently known. We aimed to explore the association between plasma linoleoylglycerophosphocholine (LGPC) and objective measures of IR in adults with different metabolic profiles. Methods: We studied 62 men and women, ages 30 to 69 years, (29% normal weight, 59% overweight, 12% obese). Participants underwent a 5-point oral glucose tolerance test (5p-OGTT) from which we calculated multiple indices of IR and insulin secretion. Fifteen participants additionally underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp for estimation of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Plasma LGPC was determined using high performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Plasma LGPC was compared across quartiles defined by the IR indices. Results: Mean LGPC was 15.4±7.6 ng/mL in women and 14.1±7.3 ng/mL in men. LGPC did not correlate with body mass index, percent body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, log-triglycerides, or high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Plasma LGPC concentrations was not systematically associated with any of the studied 5p-OGTT-derived IR indices. However, LGPC exhibited a significant negative correlation with glucose disposal in the clamp (Spearman r=–0.56, P=0.029). Despite not being diabetic, participants with higher plasma LGPC exhibited significantly higher post-challenge plasma glucose excursions in the 5p-OGTT (P trend=0.021 for the increase in glucose area under the curve across quartiles of plasma LGPC). Conclusion: In our sample of Latino adults without known diabetes, LGPC showed potential as a biomarker of IR and impaired glucose metabolism.

Shear Rate and Microturbulence Effects on the Synthesis of Proteases by Jacaratia mexicana Cells Cultured in a Bubble Column, Airlift, and Stirred Tank Bioreactors

María del Carmen Oliver-Salvador,Elisa Morales-López,Enrique Durán-Páramo,Carlos Orozco-Álvarez,Sergio García-Salas 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.4

Cysteine proteases from Jacaratia mexicana,an endemic Mexican plant, could compete in industrial applications with papain. Currently the only way to obtain these proteases is by extracting them from the wild plant. An alternative source of these enzymes is by J. mexicana suspension culture. In this work, this culture was carried out in airlift, bubble column and stirred tank bioreactors,and the effects of shear rate and microturbulence on cell growth, protein accumulation and proteolytic activity were determined. The shear rates in the stirred tank, bubble column and airlift bioreactors were 274 1/s, 13 1/s and 36 1/s respectively, and microturbulences (symbolized by λ, in units of μm) were 46, 79, and 77 μm, respectively. Protein levels and proteolytic activity were linearly correlated with both shear rate and microturbulence. A higher shear rate and a more intensive microturbulence occurred in the stirred tank, producing higher protein accumulation and higher proteolytic activity compared with those of the other two bioreactor systems. Higher shear rate and microturbulence had an elicitor effect on protease synthesis, because microturbulence in stirred tank bioreactors was lower than the average length of J. mexicana cells. Furthermore, cells in the stirred tank were smaller and thinner than those grown in shake flask, bubble column and airlift bioreactors. In summary, proteases were produced by J. mexicana cell cultures in a stirred tank under conditions of high shear rate and intensive microturbulence, which are similar to those which occur in industrial stirred tanks. These results encourage continuation of the process development for large scale production of these proteases by this technology.

Factors associated with the survival of colorectal cancer in Mexico

( Carlos Quezada-gutiérrez ),( María Teresa Álvarez-bañuelos ),( Jaime Morales-romero ),( Clara Luz Sampieri ),( Raúl Enrique Guzmán-garcía ),( Evangelina Montes-villaseñor ) 대한장연구학회 2020 Intestinal Research Vol.18 No.3

Background/Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a public health problem. In Mexico, there have been no recent studies conducted on survival in terms of this pathology or on the influence of prognostic factors. The study aims to determine the probability of survival in patients with CRC presence of low levels of schooling and a rural population, adjusted for clinical stage and type of treatment. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a cohort of 305 patients with CRC treated at State Cancer Center, located in Veracruz-Mexico; the follow-up period of 60 months (2012-2016). The survival probability was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator and the log-rank test with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Prognostic factors were determined using hazard ratio (HR) multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: Overall survival was 40% at 60 months. Subjects in the age group ≥65 years had a low survival rate of 28% (P=0.026) and an advanced clinical stage of 22% (P<0.001). Of the patients with bone metastasis, none survived longer than 5 years (P=0.008). With respect to the unfavorable prognostic factors identified in the multivariate analysis, a decreased level of schooling was associated with an HR of 7.6 (95% CI, 1.1-54.7), advanced clinical stage was associated with an HR of 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2-4.0), and the presence of metastasis had an HR of 1.8 (95% CI, 1.1-2.9). Conclusions: Poor prognostic factors include an advanced clinical stage, the presence of metastasis and a low level of schooling. These findings confirm the importance of screening for early diagnosis, diminishing the barriers to accessing treatment and prospectively monitoring the population. (Intest Res 2020;18:315-324)