Mental health at the intersections of marginalization: A conceptual model to explore the mental health concerns of women sanitation workers in India

Monteiro Tanya S.,Nalini R. 한국사회복지학회 2021 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.15 No.2

In India, sanitation work is predominantly undertaken by persons from oppressed castes whose customary roles relegate them to stigmatized occupations. Women sanitation workers, comprising nearly half of the urban workforce, grapple with multiply marginalized identities and social positions. Marginalized at the intersections of caste, gender, and occupation, they contend with violence and socio-economic discrimination. The literature on the occupational and psychosocial risks of sanitation workers indicates that the mental health concerns of women sanitation workers remain largely unaddressed in research and public policy. This paper draws on an analytical review of research on women sanitation workers’ occupational and psychosocial risks with the objective of conceptualizing the relationship between marginalization and mental health. Utilizing intersectionality and social systems theories to present women sanitation workers as a critical case, their experiences of marginalization at the intersections of caste, gender, and occupation are analyzed. Consequently, a conceptual model of mental health outcomes at the intersections of multiply marginalized identities and social positions is developed to analyze the implications of marginalization for mental health. Guidelines for action to inform public policy and social work practice are suggested, emphasizing the need for intersectional interventions and a social justice framework in mental health care for marginalized groups.

Effect of endodontic sealer on postoperative pain: a network meta-analysis

Monteiro Cynthia Maria Chaves,Martins Ana Cristina Rodrigues,Reis Alessandra,de Geus Juliana Larocca 대한치과보존학회 2023 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.48 No.1

This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to answer the following focused research question: “Does the type of endodontic sealer affect the postoperative pain in patients who received endodontic treatment?” Different databases and grey literature were surveyed. Only one randomized controlled trial were included. The risk of bias in the studies was evaluated by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to compare the risk and intensity of postoperative pain. The quality of the body of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Out of 11,601 studies, 15 remained for qualitative analyses and 12 for meta-analysis. Seven studies were classified at high risk of bias, and 8 studies raised some concerns. No significant differences between the endodontic materials were observed in the direct comparisons, both in risk and in intensity of postoperative pain (pairwise comparisons with 2 studies: I2 = 0%; p > 0.05 and 8 studies: I2 = 23%; p > 0.05, respectively). The certainty of the evidence was graded as low or moderate. There was no difference in the risk and intensity of postoperative pain after filling with different endodontic sealers. Further systematic reviews should be conducted.

Intersections of caste, class, and gender in healthcare sanitation work in India: Social work imperatives for restructuring marginalized women's care work

Monteiro Tanya S. 한국사회복지학회 2022 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.16 No.3

Housekeeping and sanitary workers are crucial for the functional efficiency and hygiene of healthcare facilities. In India, women from oppressed castes and backward classes are predominantly recruited in these occupations. The work, regarded as “polluting,” is stigmatized, devalued, and lies at the historical and sociocultural intersections of caste, class, and gender. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper utilizes the concepts of “feminization of labor” and “care ethics” to read caste into an intersectional theoretical analysis of the organization of marginalized women's labor in such essential, yet invisibilized healthcare work. An exploratory narrative review of literature focusing exclusively on marginalized healthcare housekeepers and sanitation workers in India is undertaken and supplemented with a critical analysis of labor laws and policies to trace the sustained reproduction of the caste-based sexual division of labor in these occupations. I propose that their exploitative terms and conditions are sustained by what I refer to as the “feminine caste contract” –a complex sociopolitical and legal arrangement of precarious, casteist, and gendered work conditions. Recognizing the exploitation inherent in this contract, recommendations are made for social work education and practice to play a key role in restructuring marginalized women's labor in essential care work.

Sedative Effect of Ketamin-Midazolam Administered at Acupoint GV20 Compared to Intramuscular Route in Blue-Fronted Amazon ( Amazona aestiva ): a Pilot Study

Monteiro Aricia Noelli Brega,Petri Bruno Simões Sérgio,Furuya Haroldo,Milanelo Liliane,Scognamillo Márcia Valéria Rizzo,Hayashi Ayne Murata 사단법인약침학회 2022 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.15 No.5

Background: The growth of exotic pet medicine is leading to fast developments in clinical investigations on birds. Acupuncture, specifically pharmacopuncture, offers safe chemical restraint options. Objectives: To investigate pharmacopuncture at acupoint GV20 in blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) using ketamine and midazolam. Methods: Sixteen healthy birds were distributed into four groups (C: intramuscular control; 1/2 C: 1/2 dose intramuscular control; 1/2 GV20: 1/2 dose at acupoint GV20; 1/5 GV20: 1/5 dose at acupoint GV20). Degree of sedation, latency, recuperation time, heart and respiratory rate, and body temperature were measured. Quantitative data were analyzed by a Student’s t-test. Results: The C, 1/2 C, and 1/2 GV20 groups showed the same degree of sedation. The 1/2 GV20 group showed longer latency times (6 ± 2.1) than the 1/2 C (2.5 ± 0.5) group. Sedation time did not differ between the C (28 ± 9.8), 1/2 C (30.5 ± 8.6), and 1/2 GV20 (41 ± 22.24) groups. The 1/2 GV20 group recuperated faster (13.7 ± 3.7) than the C group (64.2 ± 3.5). The C and 1/2 C groups showed tremors and slow and unstable recovery. Two animals in the C group showed mild hypothermia (38°C). Conclusion: The use of 1/2 GV20 was effective and safe to sedate blue-fronted Amazon parrots without side effects, providing easy, stable, and fast recovery. The use of 1/5 GV20 had a shorter sedation time. These findings show that the combination of acupuncture and drugs provides new possibilities for efficient anesthetic protocols with fewer side effects in birds.

Numerical Simulation of the Aluminum Alloys Solidification in Complex Geometries

Monteiro Eliseu,Rouboa Abel The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2005 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.19 No.9

The process of mould design in the foundry industry has been based on the intuition and experience of foundry engineers and designers. To bring the industry to a more scientific basis the design process should be integrated with scientific analysis such as heat transfer. The production by foundry techniques is influenced by the geometry configuration, which affects the solidification conditions and subsequent cooling. Numerical simulation and/or experiments make possible the selection of adequate materials, reducing cycle times and minimizing production costs. The main propose of this work is to study the heat transfer phenomena in the mould considering the phase change of the cast-part. Due to complex geometry of the mould, a block unstructured grid and a generalized curvilinear formulation engaged with the finite volume method is described and applied. Two types of boundary conditions, diffusive and Newtonian, are used and compared. The developed numerical code is tested in real case and the main results are compared with experimental data. The results showed that the solidification time is about 6 seconds for diffusive boundary conditions and 14.8 seconds for Newtonian boundary conditions. The use of the block unstructured grid in combination with a generalized curvilinear formulation works well with the finite volume method and allows the development of more efficient algorithms with better capacity to describe the part contours through a lesser number of elements.

A discrete particle model for reinforced concrete fracture analysis

N. Monteiro Azevedo,J.V. Lemos,J.R. Almeida 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.36 No.3

The Discrete Element Method adopting particles for the domain discretization has recently been adopted in fracture studies of non-homogeneous continuous media such as concrete and rock. A model is proposed in which the reinforcement is modelled by 1D rigid-spring discrete elements. The rigid bars interact with the rigid circular particles that simulate the concrete through contact interfaces. The DEM enhanced model with reinforcement capabilities is evaluated using three point bending and four point bending tests on reinforced concrete beams without stirrups. Under three point bending, the model is shown to reproduce the expected final crack pattern, the crack propagation and the load displacement diagram. Under four point bending, the model is shown to match the experimental ultimate load, the size effect and the crack propagation and localization.

Convergence of Health Level Seven Version 2 Messages to Semantic Web Technologies for Software-Intensive Systems in Telemedicine Trauma Care

Pedro Monteiro Menezes,Timothy Wayne Cook,Luciana Tricai Cavalini 대한의료정보학회 2016 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.22 No.1

Objectives: To present the technical background and the development of a procedure that enriches the semantics of Health Level Seven version 2 (HL7v2) messages for software-intensive systems in telemedicine trauma care. Methods: This study followed a multilevel model-driven approach for the development of semantically interoperable health information systems. The Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) ABCDE protocol was adopted as the use case. A prototype application embedded the semantics into an HL7v2 message as an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file, which was validated against an XML schema that defines constraints on a common reference model. This message was exchanged with a second prototype application, developed on the Mirth middleware, which was also used to parse and validate both the original and the hybrid messages. Results: Both versions of the data instance (one pure XML, one embedded in the HL7v2 message) were equally validated and the RDF-based semantics recovered by the receiving side of the prototype from the shared XML schema. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the semantic enrichment of HL7v2 messages for intensive-software telemedicine systems for trauma care, by validating components of extracts generated in various computing environments. The adoption of the method proposed in this study ensures the compliance of the HL7v2 standard in Semantic Web technologies.

Soil Organic Carbon Stocks under Pasture Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Joyce Monteiro,Mauricio Coelho,Ademir Fontana,Helga Hissa,Ana Carolina Goulart,Marcelo Costa 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Carbon Stock Measurement to Evaluate Ecosystem Service from Carbon Sequestration

Joyce Monteiro,Helga Hissa,Mauricio Coelho,Ademir Fontana,Kenny Fonseca,Marcelo Costa,Ana Carolina Goulart 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the mandible

Bernar Monteiro Benites,Wanessa Miranda-Silva,Felipe Paiva Fonseca,Claudia Regina Gomes Cardim Mendes de Oliveira,Eduardo Rodrigues Fregnani 대한구강악안면외과학회 2020 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.46 No.4

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a high-grade neoplasm that is usually located in the extremities and retroperitoneum. In the past, UPS was considered the most common soft tissue sarcoma in adults; due to improvements in diagnostic techniques, most cases have been reclassified as other lineage-specific tumors. Gnathic bones are rarely affected, and the clinicopathological characteristics of this neoplasm when diagnosed in the jaw remain to be better described. In this report, we present a rare case of mandibular UPS affecting an 88-year-old female who demonstrated a painful swelling on the right side of the mandible that was accompanied by a pathological fracture. Microscopic examination revealed a pleomorphic spindlecell neoplasm with mitotic figures and necrosis. The patient underwent surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy but experienced metastasis after 12 months of follow-up and died. Diagnosis of UPS is challenging, and oral pathologists must be aware of this entity when dealing with aggressive undifferentiated neoplasms.