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Novel Multibit Magnetic Tagging Techniques for High-Throughput Multiplexed Chemical Analysis
Hong, B.,Llandro, J.,Hayward, T.J.,Mitrelias, T.,Kopper, K.P.,Trypiniotis, T.,Steinmuller, S.J.,Barnes, C.,Le Van Phong,CheolGi Kim,Jeong, J.-R. IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.45 No.6
<P>In this paper, we have investigated a remote encoding/decoding method of micrometer-sized multibit magnetic tags and demonstrated the operation of magnetic digital tags to discuss the practical issues which arise. The tags are formed from micron scale patterned ferromagnetic Co thin films, which are engineered to have different switching fields by tailoring the geometric shape of the elements. This enables the tags to be encoded and read by a sequence of globally applied magnetic fields. Full-field magneto-optical microscopy was used to achieve the remote writing and reading for magnetic digital tags. Our results demonstrate that the elements in the multibit tags are well separated in switching field and can be encoded/decoded independently by using globally applied magnetic fields and magneto-optical microscopy. We will discuss practical issues for high-information multibit magnetic tags including switching field distribution and repeatability with implications for the field of bioassays.</P>
Controlled electroplating and electromigration in nickel electrodes for nanogap formation
Los Santos Valladares, Luis De,Leon Felix, Lizbet,Bustamante Dominguez, Angel,Mitrelias, Thanos,Sfigakis, Francois,Khondaker, Saiful I,Barnes, Crispin H W,Majima, Yutaka IOP Pub 2010 Nanotechnology Vol.21 No.44
<P>We report the fabrication of nickel nanospaced electrodes by electroplating and electromigration for nanoelectronic devices. Using a conventional electrochemical cell, nanogaps can be obtained by controlling the plating time alone and after a careful optimization of electrodeposition parameters such as electrolyte bath, applied potential, cleaning, etc. During the process, the gap width decreases exponentially with time until the electrode gaps are completely bridged. Once the bridge is formed, the <I>ex situ</I> electromigration technique can reopen the nanogap. When the gap is ∼ 1 nm, tunneling current–voltage characterization shows asymmetry which can be corrected by an external magnetic field. This suggests that charge transfer in the nickel electrodes depends on the orientation of magnetic moments. </P>
Attaching Thiolated Superconductor Grains on Gold Surfaces for Nanoelectronics Applications
De Los Santos Valladares, Luis,Bustamante Dominguez, Angel,Llandro, Justin,Suzuki, Seiichi,Mitrelias, Thanos,Bellido Quispe, Richard,Barnes, Crispin H. W.,Majima, Yutaka IOP Publishing 2010 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.49 No.r9