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Cellular Membrane Composition Requirement by Antimicrobial and Anticancer Peptide GA-K4
Mishig-Ochir, Tsogbadrakh,Gombosuren, Davaadulam,Jigjid, Altanchimeg,Tuguldur, Badamkhatan,Chuluunbaatar, Galbadrakh,Urnukhsaikhan, Enerelt,Pathak, Chinar,Lee, Bong-Jin Bentham Science Publishers 2017 Protein and peptide letters Vol.24 No.3
Neuroprotective Effect of Low Frequency-Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Ischemic Stroke
Urnukhsaikhan, Enerelt,Mishig-Ochir, Tsogbadrakh,Kim, Soo-Chan,Park, Jung-Keug,Seo, Young-Kwon Humana Press 2017 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol. No.
<P>Low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields (LF-PEMFs) affect many biological processes; however, the fundamental mechanisms responsible for these effects remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of LF-PEMFs on neuroprotection after ischemic stroke. C57B6 mice were exposed to LF-PEMF (F = 60 Hz, Bm = 10 mT) after photothrombotic occlusion. We measured the BDNF/TrkB/Akt signaling pathway, pro-apoptotic and pro-survival protein and gene expressions, and the expression of inflammatory mediators and performed behavioral tests in both LF-PEMF-treated and untreated ischemic stroke mice. Our results showed that LF-PEMF treatment promotes activation of the BDNF/TrkB/Akt signaling pathway. Subsequently, pro-survival proteins were significantly increased, while pro-apoptotic proteins and inflammatory mediators were decreased in ischemic stroke mice after LF-PEMF treatment. The results demonstrated that LF-PEMF exposure has a neuroprotective effect after ischemic stroke in mice during the recovery process.</P>
Pulsed electromagnetic fields promote survival and neuronal differentiation of human BM-MSCs
Urnukhsaikhan, E.,Cho, H.,Mishig-Ochir, T.,Seo, Y.K.,Park, J.K. Pergamon 2016 Life sciences Vol.151 No.-
Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) are known to affect biological properties such as differentiation, regulation of transcription factor and cell proliferation. However, the cell-protective effect of PEMF exposure is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to understand the mechanisms underlying PEMF-mediated suppression of apoptosis and promotion of survival, including PEMF-induced neuronal differentiation. Treatment of induced human BM-MSCs with PEMF increased the expression of neural markers such as NF-L, NeuroD1 and Tau. Moreover, treatment of induced human BM-MSCs with PEMF greatly decreased cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. There is evidence that Akt and Ras are involved in neuronal survival and protection. Activation of Akt and Ras results in the regulation of survival proteins such as Bad and Bcl-xL. Thus, the Akt/Ras signaling pathway may be a desirable target for enhancing cell survival and treatment of neurological disease. Our analyses indicated that PEMF exposure dramatically increased the activity of Akt, Rsk, Creb, Erk, Bcl-xL and Bad via phosphorylation. PEMF-dependent cell protection was reversed by pretreatment with LY294002, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Our data suggest that the PI3K/Akt/Bad signaling pathway may be a possible mechanism for the cell-protective effects of PEMF.
Antimicrobial Peptides: Their Physicochemical Properties and Therapeutic Application
강수진,이봉진,김도희,Tsogbadrakh Mishig-Ochir 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.3
Antibiotic resistance has become a global public health problem, thus there is a need to develop a new class of antibiotics. Natural antimicrobial peptides have got an increasing attention as potential therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial peptides are small cationic peptides with broad antimicrobial activity. They can serve as critical defense molecules protecting the host from the invasion of bacteria. Even though they possess a different mode of action compared to traditional antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides couldn’t go into the drug markets because of problems in application such as toxicity, susceptibility to proteolysis, manufacturing cost, size, and molecular size. Nevertheless, antimicrobial peptides can be new hope in developing novel, effective and safe therapeutics without antibiotic resistance. Thus, it is necessary to discover new antimicrobial sources in nature and study their structures and physicochemical properties more in depth.
Antimicrobial peptides: therapeutic potentials
Kang, Su-Jin,Park, Sung Jean,Mishig-Ochir, Tsogbadrakh,Lee, Bong-Jin Informa UK, Ltd. 2014 Expert review of anti-infective therapy Vol.12 No.12
<P>The increasing appearance of multidrug-resistant pathogens has created an urgent need for suitable alternatives to current antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which act as defensive weapons against microbes, have received great attention because of broad-spectrum activities, unique action mechanisms and rare antibiotic-resistant variants. Despite desirable characteristics, they have shown limitations in pharmaceutical development due to toxicity, stability and manufacturing costs. Because of these drawbacks, only a few AMPs have been tested in Phase III clinical trials and no AMPs have been approved by the US FDA yet. However, these obstacles could be overcome by well-known methods such as changing physicochemical characteristics and introducing nonnatural amino acids, acetylation or amidation, as well as modern techniques like molecular targeted AMPs, liposomal formulations and drug delivery systems. Thus, the current challenge in this field is to develop therapeutic AMPs at a reasonable cost as well as to overcome the limitations.</P>
Solution Structure of Antimicrobial Peptide Esculentin-1c from Skin Secretion of Rana esculenta
Su-Jin Kang,손우성,Kyung-Doo Han,Tsogbadrakh Mishig-Ochir,Dae-Woo Kim,Jae-Il Kim,이봉진 한국분자세포생물학회 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.5
Granular glands in the skins of frogs synthesize and secrete a remarkably diverse range of peptides capable of antimicrobial activity. These anuran skin antimicrobial peptides are commonly hydrophobic, cationic and form an amphipathic α-helix in a membrane mimetic solution. Recently,they have been considered as useful target molecules for developing new antibiotics drugs. Esculentin-1c is a 46-amino acid residue peptide isolated from skin secretions of the European frog, Rana esculenta. It displays the most potent antimicrobial activity among bioactive molecules. Esculentin-1c has the longest amino acids among all antimicrobial peptides. The present study solved the solution structure of esculentin-1c in TFE/water by NMR, for the first time. We conclude that this peptide is comprised of three α-helices with each helix showing amphipathic characteristics, which seems to be a key part for permeating into bacterial membranes, thus presenting antimicrobial activity
Solution Structure of Antimicrobial Peptide Esculentin-1c from Skin Secretion of Rana esculenta
Kang, Su-Jin,Son, Woo-Sung,Han, Kyung-Doo,Mishig-Ochir, Tsogbadrakh,Kim, Dae-Woo,Kim, Jae-Il,Lee, Bong-Jin Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.5
Granular glands in the skins of frogs synthesize and secrete a remarkably diverse range of peptides capable of antimicrobial activity. These anuran skin antimicrobial peptides are commonly hydrophobic, cationic and form an amphipathic ${\alpha}$-helix in a membrane mimetic solution. Recently, they have been considered as useful target molecules for developing new antibiotics drugs. Esculentin-1c is a 46-amino acid residue peptide isolated from skin secretions of the European frog, Rana esculenta. It displays the most potent antimicrobial activity among bioactive molecules. Esculentin-1c has the longest amino acids among all antimicrobial peptides. The present study solved the solution structure of esculentin-1c in TFE/water by NMR, for the first time. We conclude that this peptide is comprised of three ${\alpha}$-helices with each helix showing amphipathic characteristics, which seems to be a key part for permeating into bacterial membranes, thus presenting antimicrobial activity.