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The Impact of Network Coding Cluster Size on Approximate Decoding Performance
( Minhae Kwon ),( Hyunggon Park ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.3
In this paper, delay-constrained data transmission is considered over error-prone networks. Network coding is deployed for efficient information exchange, and an approximate decoding approach is deployed to overcome potential all-or-nothing problems. Our focus is on determining the cluster size and its impact on approximate decoding performance. Decoding performance is quantified, and we show that performance is determined only by the number of packets. Moreover, the fundamental tradeoff between approximate decoding performance and data transfer rate improvement is analyzed; as the cluster size increases, the data transfer rate improves and decoding performance is degraded. This tradeoff can lead to an optimal cluster size of network coding-based networks that achieves the target decoding performance of applications. A set of experiment results confirms the analysis.
Minhas, Sachin,Bhalla, Sunita,Shokeen, Yogender,Jauhri, Mayank,Saxena, Renu,Verma, Ishwar Chandra,Aggarwal, Shyam Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is an important protein involved in the regulation of the immune system. The +49 G/A polymorphism is the only genetic variation in the CTLA-4 gene that causes an amino acid change in the resulting protein. It is therefore the most extensively studied polymorphism among all CTLA-4 genetic variants and contributions to increasing the likelihood of developing cancer are well known in various populations, especially Asians. However, there have hiterto been no data with respect to the effect of this polymorphism on breast cancer susceptibility in our North Indian population. We therefore assayed genomic DNA of 250 breast cancer subjects and an equal number of age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls for the CTLA-4 +49 G/A polymorphism but no significant differences in either the gene or allele frequency were found. Thus the CTLA-4 +49 G/A polymorphism may be associated with breast cancer in other Asians, but it appears to have no such effect in North Indians. The study also highlights the importance of conducting genetic association studies in different ethnic populations.
Minhas, Atul S.,Jeong, Woo Chul,Kim, Young Tae,Han, Yeqing,Kim, Hyung Joong,Woo, Eung Je Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Magnetic resonance in medicine Vol.66 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Latest experimental results in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) demonstrated high‐resolution in vivo conductivity imaging of animal and human subjects using imaging currents of 5 to 9 mA. Externally injected imaging currents induce magnetic flux density distributions, which are affected by a conductivity distribution. Since we extract the induced magnetic flux density images from MR phase images, it is essential to reduce noise in the phase images. In vivo human and disease model animal experiments require reduction of imaging current amplitudes and scan times. In this article, we investigate a multi‐echo based MREIT pulse sequence where we utilize a remaining time after the first echo within one TR to obtain more echo signals. It also allows us to prolong the total current injection time. From phantom and animal imaging experiments, we found that this method significantly reduces the noise level in measured magnetic flux density images. We describe experimental validation of the multi‐echo sequence by comparing its performance with a single‐echo method using 3 mA imaging currents. The proposed method will be advantageous for an imaging region with long T2 values such as the brain and knee. Depending on T2 values, we suggest using two or three echoes in future experimental studies. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>
Minha Kim,So-Dam Kim,Kyoung In Kim,전은혜,Min Gee Kim,Yu-Ree Lim,Enkhmaa Lkhagva-Yondon,Yena Oh,Kwangmin Na,정영철,진병관,송윤선,Myung Shin Jeon 한국뇌신경과학회 2021 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.30 No.2
Stroke causes systemic immunosuppression. T lymphocytes are involved in infarct size in the early stages of stroke. However, the phenotypes of T lymphocytes and their functions in peripheral immune organs and the brain have not been well analyzed in the acute and chronic phases of stroke. Here, we investigated pathological phenotypic alterations in the systemic immune response, especially changes in T lymphocytes, from one day to six months after ischemic stroke in mice. Impairment in thymocyte numbers, development, proliferation, and apoptosis were observed for up to two weeks. The number of mature T cells in the spleen and blood decreased and showed reduced interferon-γ production. Increased numbers of CD4- CD8- CD3+ double-negative T cells were observed in the mouse brain during the early stages of stroke, whereas interleukin (IL)-10+ Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes increased from two weeks during the chronic phase. These phenotypes correlated with body weight and neurological severity scores. The recovery of T lymphocyte numbers and increases in IL-10+ Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes may be important for long-term neurological outcomes. Dynamic changes in T lymphocytes between the acute and chronic phases may play different roles in pathogenesis and recovery. This study provides fundamental information regarding the T lymphocyte alterations from the brain to the peripheral immune organs following stroke.
Clinical Outcomes of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Using a Preloaded Imported Graft
Minha Kim,Kang Hyun Kim,Hyung Keun Lee 대한안과학회 2023 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.37 No.5
Purpose: Although the popularity of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is increased, there is still few clinical studies in Korea. In this study, we aimed to report the initial clinical outcomes of DMEK in patients followed up for more than 6 months. Methods: A total of 96 eyes that underwent DMEK by a single surgeon for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, or other indications were evaluated for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), central corneal thickness (CCT), postoperative complications, and graft survival. Results: The postoperative BCVA significantly increased compared to the preoperative BCVA by 59.4% (1.00 ± 0.77 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution vs. 0.67 ± 0.76 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, p < 0.001). The average preoperative ECD was 754 ± 382 cells/mm2, increasing to 1,333 ± 562 cells/mm2 at 3 months (76.8%, p < 0.001), 1,334 ± 632 cells/ mm2 at 6 months (76.9%, p < 0.001), 1,121 ± 474 cells/mm2 at 12 months (48.7%, p = 0.024), and 972 ± 458 cells/mm2 at 24 months postoperatively (28.9%, p = 0.445). Compared to 3 months, the ECD declined by 15.9% at 12 months (p = 0.009) and 27.1% at 24 months postoperatively (p = 0.158). The average CCT was 675 ± 113 μm preoperatively, decreasing to 581 ± 102, 574 ± 101, and 594 ± 94 μm at 6, 12, and 24 months after DMEK, respectively (p < 0.001 between all follow-up time points). Allograft rejection was detected in three (3.1%) and 14 eyes (14.6%) underwent retransplantation at an average of 10.1 ± 8.4 months after DMEK. Conclusions: DMEK is promising for maintaining corneal clarity, low postoperative complication rates, and stable graft longevity.