실험적 급성 허혈성 신부전에서 Verapamil 이 혈중 Polyamine 동태에 미치는 영향

원동준(Dong Jun Won),권현민(Hyun Min Kwon),김용섭(Yong Seop Kim),구자룡(Ja Ryong Gu),권영주(Young Ju Kwon),조원용(Won Yong Cho),김형규(Hyung Kyu Kim) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.40 No.6

N/A It has been proposd that calcium entry from an external medium increases intracellular free calcium to toxic levels during ischemic acute renal failure, and verapamil (ARF) has been suggested as the agentblocking calicium entry into renal cells and protecting renal function during ischemic injury. Polyamines, anorganic cations that play various roles in normal cellular proliferation and differentiation, accumulate in renal failare. Alsa it has been suggested tht the synthesis and metabolism of polyamine are influence by acute changes of the general condition, such as acute renal failure, and are mediated by a calcium influx into the cells. The study was designed to study the protective effects of systemic verapamil pretreatment on renal function and the influence on polyamine metabolism in experimental ischemic ARF in cats. For these purpose, the experimental animals were divided into 2 groups. While Group I (n=5) was an ischemic ARF model by renal artery clamping for 60 minutes, Group II (n=5) was ischemic ARF with systemic verapamil (5 ml/min/kg) pretreatment. The creatinine clearance and plasma and urinary polyamine were measured in each group before and after the renal artery clamp. The results were as follows: 1) Creatinine clearance before and after the renal artery clamp were 10.64±7.18 ml/min/kg and 2.09±1. 70 ml/min/kg in Group I, 4.47±3.38 ml min/kg and 0.60±0.79ml/min/kg in Group II, respectively, So creatinine clearance decreased more significantly in Group II campared with Group I. 2) Plasma polyamine increased after ischemia in Group I. In group I, plasma levels of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine before ischemia were 4.75±0.40 nmol/ml, 0.69±0.09 nmol/ml, and 0.83±0.63 nmol/ml, were elevated to 7.17±2.91 nmol/ml, 9.83±1.46 nmol/ ml, and 2.64±1.14nmol/ml after ischemia. But in Group II, the plasma level of polyamine was not changed, and especially, spermine decreased significantly from 0.83±0.27 before ischemia to 0.49±0.23 nmol/ml after ischenmine (p=0.033). 3) Urine polyamine excretion decreased after ischemia in Group I and Group II. In Group II, urinary excretion of spermidine and spermine before ischemia, 0.13±0.10 nmol/min and 0.17±0.13nmol/min, decreased after ischemia to 0.01±0.01nmol/min (p=0.019) and 0.032±0.26 nmol/min (p=0.0257). 4) In renal tissue, spermine content vas highest. In Group II, preischemic spermine were 397.20 nmol/g and increased to 646.66nmol/g after ischema, But there were no significant changes in the polyamine contents in Group II. From these data, it was suggested that systemic verapamil pretreatment exerts no protective effect on ischemic ARF. Plasma polyamines are elevated in ischemic ARF, and verapamil may protect these elevations.

경북 최초의 신장이식 1례

이중현,김용섭,이정호,이창우,김상욱,이문섭,오민구,하달봉,이경섭 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

신장이식은 환자의 삶의 질을 높이고 거의 정상적인 사회생활을 가능하게 함으로써 말기신부전 환자의 3가지 신대체 요법(혈액투석, 복막투석, 신장이식) 중에 가장 효과적이고 각광받는 치료법이라 할 수 있다. 최근 들어 의료기술과 의학의 발달로 신장이식의 성공률은 과거에 비해 비약적으로 높아지고 있으며 국내에서도 점차 신장이식수술을 받는 환자가 증가하고 있으나 서울이나 다른 대도시에 비해 의료환경이 열악한 중소도시나 지방의 병원에서는 아직도 시행하지 못하고 있는 형편이다. 이에 저자들은 경북 최초로 자체 의료진에 의해 고혈압과 말기 신부전으로 동국대 포항병원에서 혈액투석을 받고 있던 32세의 남자환자에게 부인으로부터 신장을 제공받아 신장이식을 성공적으로 시행하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment modality for many patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), because it offers improved quality of life over both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Patients who do well after transplantation generally report improvement in vitality and freedom to return to the style of life that they experienced before their progression to ESRD. Recently, the success rate of kidney transplantation is greatly being increased as the surgical technique and immunosuppressive drugs are developed. Kidney transplantation is also popular in Korea which has good result. But, until now the general hospitals which are located at small city can't try the kidney transplantation because they don't have proper facilities and experts. We firstly experienced a case of kidney transplantation in a 32 years old man with hypertension and chronic renal failure at KyoungBuk province. So we report this case with references.

Antagonizing effect of protein kinase C activation on the μ-opioid agonist-induced inhibition of high voltage-activated calcium current in rat periaqueductal gray neuron

Cho, Young-Wuk,Han, Seung-Ho,Min, Byung-Il,Rhee, Jeong-Seop,Norio Akaike 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2001 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2001 No.-

Opioids have been thought to induce analgesia by activating the descending pain control system, especially at the level of periaquenductal gray, and regulate the neurotransmitter release through the inhibition of calcium channel. In the present study, the modulatory effects of protein kinase C and protein kinase A on the μ-opioid agonist-induced inhibition of the high-voltage activated calcium current were examined in the acutely dissociated rat periaqueductal gray neurons with the nystatin-perforated patch-clamp technique. Among 505 neurons tested, the barium current passing through the high-voltage activated calcium channels of 172 neurons (34%) were inhibited by 32±3% with the application of an μ-opioid agonist, [D-_Ala^2, N-MePhe^4, Gly^5 -ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO, 1 μM). The barium currents itself and the DAMGO-induced inhibitory effects were not affected by the application of either an adenylate cyclase activator (forskolin, 1μM) or a protein kinase inhibitor (staurosporin, 10nM) for 2 min. The DAMGO inhibition was completely and irreversibly antagonized by the application of a protein kinase C activator, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, 1μM) for 2 min without any alteration of the barium current itself. However, the antagonizing effect of PMA was completely abolished by the application of 10 nM staurosporin for 2 min. After then, PMA did not show the antagonizing effect any more. Inversely, when staurosporin was applied before PMA, the antagonizing effect of PMA was also not shown. These results demonstrate that the μ-opiod agonist-induced inhibition of the periaqueductal gray neuronal high-voltage activated calcium current can be antagonized by protein kinase C activation. This finding may provide us a significant clue to understand the action mechanism of opioid-induced analgesia in the periaqueductal gray. ⓒ 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.All rights reserved.

척수 손상 장애인의 삶의 만족도 영향요인 : 장애정체감의 매개효과 검증 연구

이익섭,신은경,이민규,이범석 한국장애인고용촉진공단 고용개발원 2007 장애와 고용 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구는 척수손상 장애인의 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 구조방정식 모형으로 검증한 것이다. 손상정도와 접근성, 그리고 삶의 만족도와의 관련성을 장애정체감을 매개변수로 구성하여 검증하였다. 척수손상 장애인 총 397명을 응답대상으로 한 구조모형 검증결과, 본 연구에서 설정한 손상정도와 접근성, 장애정체감과 장애인의 삶의 만족도의 관계에 관한 모형의 적합도가 TLI .911, RMSEA .054(90% 신뢰구간 : .047-.062)로 나타나 연구의 측정모형의 적합도는 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 검증된 구조방정식의 관계구조를 보면, 손상정도와 삶의 만족은 직접효과가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않다고 검증되었고, 그 외에 손상정도가 장애정체감에 미치는 영향과 접근성이 장애정체감에 미치는 영향, 장애 정체감이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향, 그리고 접근성이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향은 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 장애정체감의 매개효과에 관한 Arion 검증(Baron and Kenny, 1986) 결과, 장애정체감의 매개효과가 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 척수손상 장애인의 삶의 만족도를 높이기 위해서는 사회심리적 개입전략이 요청된다고 할 수 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting the life satisfaction of the persons with spinal cord injury using the structural equation model. Thus, this was attempted to examine the direct effect of disability severity, accessibility and mediating effect of disability identity on the life satisfaction. Actually 397 samples were analyzed for the research model. Finding in this study are as follow : First, This model showed the reasonable fitness in the analysis of structural equation model(TLI.911, RMSEA .054). Second, the disability severity indirectly exerts on the life satisfaction of the persons with spinal cord injury. But results show accessibility, directly and indirectly, affect on the life satisfaction of the persons with spinal cord injury. Third, Through Arion test, the result shows that the disability identity has a mediating effect between disability severity, accessibility and the life satisfaction of the persons with spinal cord injury. In conclusion, this study confirmed that in order to enhance the life satisfaction of the persons with spinal cord injury, social work practice must consider psycho-social intervention.

약물대사효소계로서의 Flavin-Containing Monooxygenases(FMOs)

강주섭,이민호 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

Together with the cytochrome P-450(CYPs) containing mixed function oxidases, the flavin-containing monooxygenase(FMOs) included in mammalian tissue microsomes play a major role in the initial oxidation of xenobiotics containing soft-nucleophiles, including alkaloids, pesticides and drugs to polar metabolite for easier conjugation and excretion. These include tertiary and secondary alkyl- and arylamines, many hydrazines, thiocarbamides, thioamides, sulfieds, disulfides, thiols and other soft nucleophiles. This flavinprotein that catalyzes NADPH- and oxygen-dependent oxidation of a wide range of xenobiotics and durgs is typical for the enzyces of detoxification. The FMO share a mechanism distinctly different from other oxidases bearing flavin, heme or other redox-active prosthetic groups. Several major advances has been made during the last 10 years regarding our understanding of the FMOs, including their catalytic properties, role inmetabolic transformation of xenobiotics to both less and more toxic metabolites, molecular structure, expression patterns, and phenotypes of its activity. There is no question that FMOs are fundamentally different from the enzymes of biosynthesis in that precise binding, tight fit of the xenobiotic substrate to the enzyme is not necessary for catalysis. Therefore, We try to illustrate the various aspect of FMOs characteristics such as substrate specificity, stereoselectivity, molecular characterization and regulation of expression, bioactivation of xenobiotics, contemporary issues in drug metabolism in human in this review.

자폐적 장애 및 발달적 언어장애 환아에서 자기공명영상을 이용한 뇌량, 시상, 소뇌 및 뇌교에 대한 구조적 예비연구

이정섭,강민희,홍강의 대한신경정신의학회 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.1

연구목적 : 자폐적 장애가 있는 환아에서 뇌량, 시상, 소뇌 및 뇌교에 대한 구조적인 연구가 시행이 되었으나, 아직까지 일관된 결과는 나오지 않고 있다. 또한 발달적 언어 장애가 자폐적 장애와 연관이 있다는 가설도 있으나 아직까지 체계적으로 연구된 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 개량된 방법론을 이용하여 자폐적 장애에서 뇌량, 시상, 소뇌 및 뇌교에 대한 정량적인 측정을 하고, 자폐적 장애와 발달적 언어장애가 뇌의 구조적으로 연관이 있는 가를 연구하였다. 방 법 : 진단기준은 DSM-Ⅲ-R로 하였으며, 후향적인 연구를 통하여 8명 자폐적 장애와 8명의 발달적 언어장애를 선정하였으며 모두 남아로 하였다. 정상 대조군은 10명의 남아를 선정하였다. 자기공명영상은 정중시상영상에서 NIH image를 이용하여 뇌량, 시상, 소뇌 및 뇌교의 면적을 측정하였다. 뇌량은 Witeleson의 방법에 따라서 7개의 구역으로 나누어서 측정하였으며, 소뇌는 다시 충부소엽에서 Ⅰ - Ⅴ, Ⅵ - Ⅶ, Ⅷ - Ⅹ의 3개의 구역으로 나누어서 비교하였다. 결 과 : 자폐적 장애군에서 뇌량의 문(rostrum)부가 대조군이나 발달적 언어장애군에 비하여 유의하게 적었으며(F=3.93, d.f.=2.23.25, p=0.03. scheffe의 사후검증에서는 p=0,06이 나왔다. 시상, 뇌교, 소뇌에서는 차이가 없었다. 발달적 언어장애에서는 시상이 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 크다고(t=2.21, d.f.=16, p=0.04) 나왔으며, 뇌량, 뇌교, 소뇌에서는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서는 자폐적 장애에서 뇌량의 문부가 대조군보다 감소되어 있는 소견을 발견하였으며, 후두와나 시상은 대조군에 비하여 차이가 없었다. 이는 자폐적 장애가 신경발달학적인 이상이 더 많고 전 전두엽(prefrontal area)에 장애가 있을 가능성을 시사하여 준다. 자폐적 장애와 발달적 언어 장애 간의 뇌의 구조적인 연관성은 발견되지 않았다. Objective : This study aimed to planimetrically measure the corpus callosum, cerebellum, pons and thalamus in the boys with autistic disorder and developmental language disorder. Method : The midsagittal brain MR images of 8 autistic and 8 developmental language disorder subjects who met the DSM-Ⅲ-R diagnostic criteria and 10 comparison subjects were collected. MR image were recapitalized with flatbed scanner and the data were analyzed with NIH IMAGE 1.61 software. Pixel counting and area measurements were done. The corpus callosum was divided into seven regions and the cerebellar vermis was divided into three regions. Results : In autistic subjects, the rostrum of corpus callosum was found to have significantly smaller area than comparison and developmental language disorder subjects. In developmental language disorder subjects, the thalamus was significantly larger than comparison subjects. the cerebellar vermis and pons did not differ among three groups. Conclusion : The rostrum of the corpus callosum in autistic disorder was significantly smaller. This finding supports the theory of abnormal prefrontal lobe development in autistic disorder.

아동기 경계선 장애 : 8 CASES 8증례

신민섭,이정섭,홍강의 대한소아·청소년정신의학회 1995 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

요 약 아동에서의 경계선 장애는 현실감각의 불안정, 대인관계의 장애, 충동조절의 장애, 심 한 기능의 변동, 발달상의 불균형, 불안등을 보이며 현재의 진단 체계로는 진단하기 어려운 환아를 의미한다. 본 논문에서는 Bemporad등과 Vera등이 제안한 '경계선 아동'에 부 합하는 7세에서 11 세사이의 8명의 소아정신과를 내원한 아동들을 대상으로 37개의 병인들을 비교하여 다음 과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 임상적인 특징으로는 모든 환아들이 다 남아였으며, 현재의 진단체계에서는 진단을 내리기가 어려웠고, 공존정신과적인 진단이 많았다. 주소는 산만하고 또래와 어울리지 못한다는 것 이 많았다. 현실과 환상사이의 경계가 불명확한 것과 사고의 장애가 특징적인 증상이었다. 2) 심리학적 및 신경생리학 검사상 지능은 보통수준이었으며, 동작성 지능이 언어성 지능보다 우수한 경향이 있었다. 투사법 검사에서는 사고 장애의 지표를 보였으며, 정서적으로 불안 정하고 공격성이 심하였다. 반수에서 주의력 검사상 주의력결핍을 시사하였다. 기질적인 요인은 뚜렷하지 않았다. 3) 발달력 및 가족력상 원하지 않았던 아이가 많았고, 주 양육자는 어머니였으나, 양육 방식에 중등도의 문제가 있었다. 부모간에 불화가 많았고, 사회 경제적으로는 중하가 많았다. 언 어발달은 대부분에서 지연이 되었거나, 성장하면서 점차로 정상이 되었다. 공격적이어서 또래들로 부터 따 돌림을 많이 받았다. 4) 치료 및 경과상 6세경에 처음 병원에 방문하였으며,평균 치료 기간은 2년이었고,주 로 외래에서 치료를 받았다. 약물치료에 대한 반응은 뚜렷하지 않았으며, 장기 놀이치료의 필요성이 암 시되었 다. 본 연구 방법에 여러가지 제한점이 있으나, 앞으로 이 장애의 명확한 진단 기준을 확 립하고 역학 및 치료에 대한 연구들이 이루어져야 할 것이다. ABSTRACT The so-called borderline children are characterised by disturbances in the sense of reality and interpersonal relationships, lack of control, fluctuation of functioning, uneven development and excessive anxiety. But the concept of borderline disorder of childhood is very difficult to define and diagnose in current classification system. The present study adapted the consensus symptoms in borderline children by Bemporad and Vera. Eight cases aged 7-11 were examined in 37 variables. Results are as follows. 1) All subjects are boys and can hardly be diagnosed in current diagnostic system and have many concurrent diagnoses. Common chief complaints are hyperactivity and poor peer relation. The most prominent clinical feature is disturbances in the sense of reality. 2) In KEDI-WISC test, the borderline children showed average intelligence, but performance IQ tends to be higher than verbal IQ. In Rorschach test. they showed high thought disorder index, emotional instabilities and aggressive impulses. The results of TOVA suggested attentional deficit in half of the subjects. The organicity is not prominent. 3) Many of the borderline children were unwanted baby. Although primary care takers of all the subjects were their mothers, there were moderate problems in caring attitude of their children and marital relationship with their husbands. Socioeconomic status was generally below middle class. Most of all subjects have delayed language development, but have overcome subsequently. Many subjects were rejected by peers because of their aggression. 4) The first visit of the subjects was about 6 years of age. Average duration of treatment was 2 years. All of them were treated in the outpatient basis except one. The effect of pharmaco- therapy was doubtful and the necessity of long term play therapy was suggested. Although there were many limitations of method in present study, it was suggested that further research is needed for diagnostic criteria, epidemiology and treatment.

전해방전을 이용한 유리 미세가공의 정밀도 향상

한민섭,민병권,이상조 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM)process is one of spark based micromachining methods especially for microstructuring of nonconductive materials such as glass and ceramics. In ECDM process spark discharge is produced by the dielectric gas film which formed by the coalescence of electrochemically generated gas bubbles. ECDM process has been suffered from achieving uniform geometry of microstructures because of the irregular gas film characteristics. In this study various technical approaches, pulse voltage, side insulated electrode and ultrasonic vibrated electrolyte are proposed to improve the geometric accuracy of ECDM process. Side insulated electrode helps improve the spark discharge uniformity by localizing the electrolysis at the tool tip, while ultrasonic vibrated electrolyte enhances the flushing effects at the gap between the tool and the workpiece. Experimental investigation demonstrates that geometric accuracy of microchannel and microhole is improved by using the proposed methods.

디아조화합물의 광분해반응과 카르벤 중간체의 확인

김민식,엄태섭,성대동 東亞大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.1

Diazotetracyanocyclopentadiene의 광화확적 분해반응 생성물을 저온 아르곤 및 크세논 매트릭스에서 적외선분광광도계법과 자외선-가시광선 분광광도계법으로 연구하였다. 저온 매트릭스에서 디아조화합물로부터 생성된 카르벤 중간체의 수득율은 낮았다. 디아조화합물을 광분해시켰을 때의 아레니우스 그림표는 온도변화에 직선적으로 변하지 않고 낮은 온도에서 tunneling효과를 보였다. Photolysis of diazotetracyanocyclopentadiene has been investigated by means of IR and UV-vis spectroscopy in Ar matrix. Parent carbene is produced in low yield and could be detected by UV-vis spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy. The carbene produced from the diazo compound is very photolabile and also decay thermally at temperature as low as 10K. When the diazo compound is photolyzed the Arrhenius plots show a tunneling effect that is not shown as non linearity.

레이저 웨이퍼 다이싱 장비의 가공 특성 평가

한민섭,김성수,민병권,이승우,이진하,이혜진 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

As the semiconductor wafer is required to be thinner for better compactness and higher integrity of the electronic products, mechanical dicing saw technique using the diamond blade is facing serious problems such as low cutting speed, tool wear, side wall crack and back side chipping. Recently, UV laser dicing process has emerged as an alternative methods to the blade dicing especially for the very thin wafers below 100㎛. In this study 355 nm UV laser dicing system has been developed in order to improve the productivity and reliability of ultra thin wafer dicing process. For the quality improvement of the developed dicing system various laser parameters are investigated such as power, speed and frequency of the laser beam. Moreover various measurement techniques are employed to evaluate the dicing quality using optical microscope, SEM and focused ion beam.