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중량물 들고 보행시 잡기유형의 차이에 대한 운동학적 분석
서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,정미라,이창민,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2
The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic changes of the body according to various weight loads and the holding during carrying object. The experiments were conducted with utilizing image, analyses for five male and five female adults as subjects. The results were as followed. 1. Meaningful differences were shown partially in the angle changes of the subject's wrist joints, elbow joints and coxal articulations, but not in the angle changes of the subject's knee joints, according to the types of holding the objects while subjects carrying 5kg objects. So, carrying a light object of 5kg in workplaces or gyms doesn't have much influence on human joints and muscles. 2. Meaningful differences of angle changes were shown between right holding and vertical holding while subjects carrying 10kg objects. Female subjects had difficulties to hold the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints, carrying 10kg objects, because the first loads were imposed on their wrists and female has weaker muscles than male. In right holding of 10kg objects, female subjects had backward body centers from their bodies, the angle of their coxal articulation became bigger and they had unstable behaviors. 3. Female subjects had wider angle of their wrist joints and elbow joints while carrying 15kg objects than male subjects. But male subjects had bigger angle of coxal articulation than female subjects. Because female has weaker muscles, female subjects couldn't maintain the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints. 4. The 20kg objects influenced the angles of the wrist joints, the elbow joints and the coaxal articulations of both sex subjects in any type of holding during their carrying 20 kg objects, but didn't influence their knee joints. 5. in carrying 25kg objects, female subjects had wider angles of their wrist joints, elbow joints and knee joints in each holding type than male subjects and the significant difference were shown according to the holding type. But in the case of coxal articulation, male subjects had the bigger angles and meaningful differences. This comes from the weakness of female's muscle. N\Male subject's upper bodies were drawn back and the objects influenced their wrists more than their arms.
서국웅,조원민,윤양진,이훈식,정미라 한국운동역학회 1999 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.1
본 연구에서는 부산광역시에 소재한 초,중,고등학교 72개교와 체육공원 9개소의 체육시설을 대상으로 현장을 직접 방문하여 안전도 측면에서 체육시설의 상태를 양호, 보통, 불량으로 나누어 20명의 조사자가 객관적인 관점에서 체육시설을 항목별로 구분한 것을 토대로 평가 하였고 또한 체육시설에 대한 실측이 필요로 하는 것은 정확한 측정을 하여 문제점을 분석하였다. 그 결과 학교체육시설은 시설의 설치와 관리상태 그리고 정비에 대한 관심이 안전도 측면에서 학생들이나 일반인들이 이용할 때 최적의 체육시설을 이용할 수 있도록 학교와 교사 그리고 행정기관에서 적극적인 재정지원과 관심이 요구되었고 체육공원시설은 질적인 면만이 아니라 양적으로도 고려가 되어야 하고 무엇보다도 수요자 중심으로 다양한 연령층을 고려하여 사회체육의 저변확대에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 본다. 체육공원시설은 누구나 쉽게 접할 수 있는 배치와 설계가 이루어짐으로서 지역사회의 주민이 체육활동을 할 수 있는 기회를 쉽게 제공하여야 할 것이다. 또한 기존의 공원체육 시설이 안전도 측면에서 양호한 수준으로 되기까지는 행정기관의 적극적인 관심과 경제적인 지원이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 본다. 결론적으로 체육시설은 안전도를 고려하여 설계되고 배치되어야 한다. 또한 누구나 안전하게 이용할 수 있도록 고려되어짐으로서 운동으로 인한 안전사고를 최대한 예방할 수 있을 것으로 본다. This study investigates and examines exercise facilities of 72 elementary and secondary school and 9 athletic parks all over the city of Pusan, and estimates their human-engineering aspects according to researcher's subjective standards(low, mid, and high level). It also finds out and analyzes items which needs measurement and estimation in exercise facilities, and concludes as follows: 1) In the case of exercise facilities in schools, more active attention must be given to their erection and control, and their constant checking and repair. Safety accident must also be prevented by providing optimal exercise facilities made in human-engineering way with students and ordinary people using them. Therefore, both school administrator and teachers must pay much mort attention to exercise facilities on schools and more much money must be invested for them. 2) In the case of exercise facilities of athletic parks, their quantity as well as qu must be emphasized, and, above all, safe user-centered exercise facilities must be designed and manufactured on the basis of the safety, and be provided with the people of different ages.
敎職의 女性化 動向과 課題 : Its Trends and Tasks
愼克範,崔燉珉 漢陽大學校 師範大學 1986 論文集 Vol.- No.4
Purposes This study aims at investigating relavant answers to the following questions regarding a feminization of the teaching profession. 1. How do teachers evaluate a feminization of the teaching profession? 2. Is there any difference in role performance between male and female teachers at schools? 3. Which sex is more suitable to the teaching profession? 4. What ratio of female teachers is appropriate by school level? 5. What measures should be taken to cope with those problems? Methods This study was conducted through a survey research. There were included, as a sample, 212 principals, 102 assistant principals, and 2,713 teachers in this study. Questionnaries were constructed by researchers and results were analyzed by statistical techniques such as frequency, percentage, and ?. Results 1. To a feminization trends of the teaching profession, 58.2% of male teachers express their opinions in a negative way, while 54.8% of female teachers responded positively, on the other hand, 43.2% of female teachers accepted it as a national phenomena. 2. The reasons of a feminization of the teaching profession were pointed out follows; 2.1 male teachers indicated that i) it is guaranteed for female teachers to continue to work after marriage(19.4%) ii) there is an equal treatment between female and male teachers (17.4%) iii) the profession is more suitable for the female in terms of the apitude (17.4%). 2.2 female responded, on the other hand, that i) the profession is more suitable for the female in terms of the apitude (42.3%) ii) it is guaranteed for female teachers to continue to work after marriage (15.1%). 3. As a result of this study, it was found that the teaching profession in more preferable to the female than to the male (male : 33.1%, female : 63.0%). 4. By school level, the proper ratio of female teachers was presented as i) 50% for elementary school, ii) 20%~30% for male junior high school, iii) 50% for female junior high school, iv) 40% for coeducation junior high school, v) 10%~20% for male senior high school, vi) 50% for female senior high school, and vii) 40% for coeducation senior high school. 5. There was no difference in role performance between male and female teachers. In the case of elementary school teachers, however, there were some differences in teaching ability concerning subjects such as music, fine arts, and physical education. Recommendations 1. Strenthening incentive system for the teaching profession. 2. Establishing welfare policies for female teachers on a positive basis. 3. Formulating in-service education and training system of teachers in a new mode. 4. Revising personnel policies of teachers. 5. Building up positive attitudes of female teachers toward the teaching profession.
洪國泰,李成大,鄭康敏 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.2
In this paper, a programmable high-sample-rate FIR digital filter was designed for a highbandwidth communication system. A fully parallel bit-level pipelined transpose-form carrysave architecture using CSD coefficients was adopted for high-speed operation. In this system, multiplication can be translated to simple shift-addition processes. For programmability of filter coefficients, two decoders and a few registers are added, and the shifting processes of input data are controlled according to the data registered. Therefore, the speed performance of the designed filter is comparable to the case of a non- programmable filter.
주민석,배준한,고태국,강연일 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1994 논문집 Vol.26 No.1
The transient one-dimensional heat conduction equation in a high Tc bulk superconductor with an localized hot zone has been analyzed numerically. After the heater energy is introduced in a few miliseconds, the development of the normal zone and full quench time are calculated with respect to distance as a fuction of three parameters including : transport current, heater current, heating time. The analysis of this model is performed using finite difference method under modified adiabatic condition. The results of computer simulation are also presented in this paper. Full quench occurs when transport currents exceed 1.15[A] in given heater current and heating time. A temperature of superconductor rises abruptly in heating region when heater energy is increased. If heater energy is same, heating time is dominant factor for quench. Given heater energy, ohmic heat dissipation is dominant part for quench. But, heating energy is dominant part for quench than conduction. When heater energy is large, quench is not affected by transport currents.