Korean Vegetables : The Value and Utilization of Edible Mushrooms as Foods

Lee, Mie-Soon,Kim, Gun-Hee 식물자원연구소 덕성여자대학교 2006 植物資源硏究誌 Vol.5 No.-

음악교사교육 연구에 대한 試論

안미자 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1992 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.61 No.1

This study was undertaken to investigate the trends of teacher education in music in the United State of America. It was found that music teacher preparation institutes truly devoted to the training of music specialists for public schools do not exist in Korea. Therefore, this study would be served as a model and also as the basic reference for the study of music teacher preparation in Korea which will be proceed in near future. After raising the fundamentals questions, the Trends of Teacher Education; the Qualification of Music Teacher; and the Program for Music Teacher Education are discussed in this paper. For the past twenty years, there happened many things which greatly influenced education. We have moved from being an industrial society to becoming an information society, implying that more than ever before our capacity to cope will depend in large measure on the quality of our education systems. And quality education depends on the teacher. Teachers have responsibility for student education and it is teacher who can influence the students. The study on teacher education is a constant ongoing process. It never can be fully resolved because teacher preparation should change with the needs of the times and with those of the changing society. The competency-based education movement is affecting most professions in the U. S., and it fits into the societal and professional demands of greater accountability. The notion that the arts should be taught primarily by trained and certified teachers from the discipline of either art or music has been almost universally accepted. The quality of art education in the schools depends upon the training and qualification of art teachers. Music educators who are competent, flexible, creative and curious will be prepared to survive and flourish in a world of change. They have the capacity to make a profound difference in the lives of those around them. The recommendation issued in 1986 by the Holmes Group and the Carnegie Forum on Education and the Economy, suggest impetus to the movement toward a change in the way of training teachers. That is, the America should dramatically change her States certification practice. Practitioners should be certified on the basis of proven professional competence rather than competence as a college student. The Carnegie report contained recommendations which included the creation of national board for teacher standards whose role would be to establish more rigid certification requirements throughout the country. The board would issue two certificates : a Teachers Certificate and an Advanced Teachers Certificate. Both would be specific to subject and grade levels, and could be endorsed on examination for other subject matter areas or levels. The certification testing should enable the board to judge the quality of the candidates general education, mastery of subjects and knowledge, and mastery of the techniques required in teaching specific subjects. Both Holmes and Carnegie Groups recommended the replacement of undergraduate teacher education programs followed by a masters degree program in professional education and an intern experience under the guidance of a master teacher. They also believed that close ties between the universities and schools are necessary in order to improve teacher education. Music teacher qualifications place emphasis on persons who evidence of a high degree of insight and skill in four principal areas : professional cometence ; personal qualities and relationships with others; understanding of educational processes, and Understanding of the dynamics of change. The older norms of appearance, alertness, emotional poise, attitude, etc., can no linger be taken as infallible criterion indices to personal qualifications of teachers and educational leaders since we can not find any evidence of fixed norms to which such terms may be applied. In their place, it is suggested that we substitute "situational" criteria for assessing personal factors. These critera suggest ways of determining the effectiveness of individuals in meeting the demands of situations which may typically be found in education. The most critically needed changed in each of three areas of music teacher education program are as follows : Musicianship, Professional Education, and General Education. More than anything else, a music teacher must have rigorous musical training. They must be actively involved in such programs as listening, performance, improvisation, composition aural analysis, history, and criticism, The four year see sequential program in comprehensive musicianship will become the basis of training for all undergraduate musicians and this will take at least half the portion of the total preservice education. All music methods courses should be taught by music educators who have had years of successful experience in teaching in elementary and secondary schools. A frequent complaint situations in the schools. All prospective music teachers need to experience music learning at all levels in order to become complete music educators rather than narrow specialists. Preservice music teachers also must be required to engage in a substantial amount of stuffy outside music in such broad areas as natural science, social science, and arts and humanities, These areas should be flexible enough to be selected according to the students personal, self-fulfilling needs without the pressure of specific requirements. Teachers tend to teach as they were taught, not as they were taught to teach. When they enter the public school classroom, they are more class than to apply the principles of learning theory, curriculum development, and methodology presented in their college classroom. This vicious circle makes educational reform almost impossible. Effective teaching requires similar kinds of knowledge and skill, no matter when or where the teaching takes place within the public school environment. The music educators mission for the future is to collectively help the society toward achieving its human potentials so that this society will have at least a vital musical culture an enlightened music public. In Korea, problems in teacher education in music is more serious. Due to the lack of understanding concerning music education by the college administrators and much lack of financial support from the government in this area, it is far behind from the standards discussed in this paper. Therefore, it is urgently needed to reform, develop, and realize the importance of music teacher education program, Especially, curriculum reform in music education program should be undertaken as a first step. It is also important to keep close relationship with problems in general education such as researches in developing curriculum and various programs.

녹차를 첨가한 증편의 이화학적 성질 및 저장중 품질에 미치는 영향

朴美子 公州大學校 資源科學硏究所 1998 資源科學硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

A study compares with instrumental estimate and evaluation to know a special quality according to strong and standardiying a manufacture-process of Jeungpyun with addition to Green tea powder. The results were as follows : 1. Moisture contents of Jeungpyun with different addition to 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% of Green tea powder, moisture contents of Jengpyun and water binding capacity were the same of the result but it was no distinctly significance. 2. In the change of the batter and PH of Jeungpyun when undergo fermentation, they were low with 5.48-4.77, and were a little high with steaming, but it was no significant. 3. After fermentation specific grawity and viscosity were negative interrelation to each other in the volume, and in processing fermentation, swelling power and texture with their Green tea powder and Control green tea powder were very different to optium volume and maxium volume, that is Control green tea's volume was a good quality of Jeungpyun with 2.0 times with Green tea 1.5 times. 4. The solubility and swelling power according to degrees of temperature generally increase to rising temperature, especially it increased significantly to over 70℃ the sample of Control green tea rather than Green tea was a little high in the solubility and swelling power. 5. In the change of the retrogradation by a-amylase, the processing of during of the storage with Green tea rather than Control green tea was slowly on a decrease. 6. An increasing amount with Green tea in the color meter was high to L, but was low to a,b and its color differences were easily made a distinction in appearance. 7. An increasing amount with Green tea in the sensory evaluation, its cell was small, all equal and high to flavor but an increasing amount with Green tea in the moistness, its moistness with Green tea doesn't get moistness with increasing Green tea. Generally all items with 2% Green tea of Jeungpyun were very desirable to evalution. 8. In the change of the texture by the instrumental estimate, its hardness was high toan increasing amount of Green tea right after making amanufacture at first, according to the during of increasing storage, it was slowly on he decrease, but its Springness, Adhesiveness and Cohesiveness made a decrease with during of storage and were small to increasing with Green tea powder, and iys Gumminess andChewiness made a increase to during of storage and was small with an amount of Green tea powder but they were no significant.

자연언어처리를 위한 개념도식 도구와 그 활용

정미애 신영어영문학회 2000 신영어영문학 Vol.16 No.-

Natural language processing requires efficient and powerful tools for representing and processing knowledge. And one of the prominent theories for NLP is Conceptual Graph Theory by Sowa. The purpose of CG theory is to express meaning in a form that is logically precise, humanly readable, and computationally tractable. Because it can be directly mapped to language, CG can serve as an intermediate language for translating computer-oriented formalism to and from natural languages. Since Sowa(1984), there have been a large number of researchers carrying out extensive research and development on various theoretical and practical issues in utilizing this knowledge representation scheme for building knowledge based systems. However, in Korea, there have been few researches on developments and applications of CG tools. Therefore, this paper tries to introduce some of the prominent CG tools for CG editing and programming such as CharGer as a graphical CG editor, CGWorld as a web-based knowledge Base Browser, and PROLOG+CG as a knowledge management and CG programming tool.

한국산 옥수수의 화학적 성분조성에 관한 연구

최미연 인제대학교 1990 仁濟論叢 Vol.6 No.2

For surveying of chemical constituents concerning tastes of the corn seeds, non volatile components such as sugars, free amino acids, nucleotides, minerals and organic acids were analyzed and determined. Nutritional components ; The contents were moisture 10.72%, total sugar 74.25%, crude protein 1.88% (pure protein 0.7%, extractive-N 0.05%, free amino acid-N 0.032%, ammonia-N 0.01%, amide-N 0.008%) crude lipid 6.69%, crude fiber 1.52%, crude ash 2.0%, respectively. And the Calorie content is 364.542 Cal. The acidity is -0.98, and the alkalinity is 0.24 so the corn seeds were confirmed as the weak alkaline food. The content of total free amino acids was 439mg%, and that of the major components such as Aspartic acid, proline, glutamic acid and showed 75.81% to the total amounts. The contents of maltotetrose, maltotriose, Maltose, Glucose, Fructose were 210mg%, 34.2mg%, 400.8mg%, 320mg%, 278.2mg%, respectively. The organic acids were isolated 12 peaks and identified by GC analysis, they were trace amounts. The nucleotides were composed of CMP, GMP, IMP, but showed the trace amounts. Magnesium, Iron, phosphorus, calcium were the major components of ashes, but trace amounts of cadmium and lead were determined.

IMF시대 대처방안 모색을 위한 부산시 주부들의 생활실태조사

제미경,강혜경 인제대학교 1998 仁濟論叢 Vol.14 No.2

This study is based on the survey of the housewives in Pusan who are undergoing difficulties caused by a sudden reduction of family income after the fall of Korean economy in 1997. The data used in this study includes 400 housewives currently living in Pusan. Statistical analyses were conducted using frequencies, percentiles, mean, and one-way ANOVA. The major findings were as follows : 1. Many housewives feel themselves(and/or their family) are responsible in part for current national economic crisis and surprisingly most of them are very optimistic about the future of Korean economy. 2. The result also shows two distinct changes in family life since 1997, difficulties in family economy and strengthened family bond. Those needed the housewives claim are education regarding reasonable consumption and expense, education for encouraging self-esteem, practical training for getting a new job, and increasing the availability of information of jobs and job consulting. 3. In order to cope with this temporal economic fall, they seem more concerned about the reasonable consumption method rater than the ways to increase immediately their income.

냉이의 채취 시기 및 지역에 따른 풍미성분

이미순,윤석권,최향숙 덕성여자대학교 식물자원연구소 1993 植物資源硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

냉이를 대상으로 채취시기 및 토양의 비옥도에 따른 휘발성 풍미성분 변화패턴을 조사한 결과 동일 지역에서 채취한 시료라도 채취시기에 따라 휘발성 풍미성분 저상에 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 마석 지역에서 3월에 채취한 냉이에서는 총 50종의 성분이, 4월에 채집된 냉이에서는 총 58종의 성분이 확인되었다. 구성 성분의 차이이외에 같은 성분이라도 양적인 측면에서 상이하였다. 야생식물의 휘발성 풍미성분의 조성 및 함량의 차이는 일조량, 강우량 및 기온 등의 여러 가지 환경요인에 의한다고 측정되며, 이러한 환경요인에 대해서는 앞으로 계속 규면되어야 할 것이다. 토양의 비옥도에 따른 휘발성 풍미성분의 변화패턴을 조사하기 위하여 강원도 춘천 지역에서 토양의 질이 좋은 밭과 일반 들판에서 같은 시기에 채취한 냉이를 분석한 결과 휘발성 풍미성분의 profile이 다를 뿐만 아니라 들판에서 채취한 냉이에서는 19종의 휘발성 풍미성분이 더 확인되었다. 냉이를 대상으로 채취시기 및 채취지역에 따른 유리 및 전 아미노산의 함량을 조사한 결과 양적인 측면에서 큰 차이를 보였으며, 강원도 춘천의 토양이 비옥한 밭에서 채취한 시료가 일반 들판에서 채취된 냉이에 비하여 유리 및 아미노산의 함량이 월등히 높았다. These studies were performed in order to determine the volatile flavor components and contents of amino acids in total and free forms from Capsella bursa-pastoris. Volatile flavor components from Nangi (냉이 ; Capsella bursa-pastoris) were collected by simultaneous steam distillation-extraction(SDE) method. Essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography(GC) and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Amino acids were identified and quantified by automatic amino acid analyzer. Emphasis was given to the effects of collecting time and growing regions on flavor components from this wild plant. As a result of confirming essential oils of Capsella bursa-pastoris collected from MaSeok region in early spring(March) and middle spring(April), the kinds and amounts of volatile flavor components revealed different patterns depending upon collecting time. Respective 50 and 58 volatile flavor components were confirmed in samples of Capsella bursa-pastoris collected in early spring and middle spring. Samples of Capsella bursa-pastoris collected from open field in ChunCheon region showed a greater number of volatile flavor components than the ones collected from ordinary field. Sixteen kinds of amino acids were identified and quantified, that is aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, arginine and proline, Fifteen kinds of free were identified. Capsella bursa-pastoris collected from ordinary field in ChunCheon region contained larger amounts of total and free amino acids than any other samples. The amounts of total and free amino acids revealed different patterns depending upon collecting time and growing regions.

지역에 따른 냉이의 아미노산 함량 분포

이미순,강금지 덕성여자대학교 식물자원연구소 1993 植物資源硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

냉이를 대상으로 채취지역에 따른 전 아미노산과 유리 아미노산의 함량 변화를 조사한 결과 채취지역에 따라 약적인 측면에서 큰 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 경기도 광릉, 성남 및 마석 지역에서 채취한 냉이에서 총 16종의 아미노산, 즉 aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, arginine 및 proline이 확인되었다. 광릉지역의 냉이에서는 총 16종의 유리 아미노산이 성남과 마석지역의 냉이에서는 총 15종의 유리 아미노산이 확인되었으며 전 아미노산과 유리 아미노산의 총 함량은 성남지역에서 채취한 냉이에서 월등히 높았다. This study was conducted to determine the contents of amino acids in total and free forms from Capsella bursa-pastoris collected from KwangNeung. SungNam, and MaSeok regions. Identification and quantitative determination of individual amino acids were performed by automatic amino acid analyzer. Sixteen kinds of amino acids were found in all samples, that is, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic aicd, glycine alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, arginine, and proline. Fifteen kinds of forms were identified in samples collected from sungNam and Maseok regions. Sixteen kinds of free forms were found in samples of Capsella bursa-pastoris collected from KwangNeung region. Capsella bursa-pastoris collected from SungNam region contained larger amounts of total and free amino acids than any other samples. The amounts of total and free amino acids revealed different patterns depending upon growing regions.

참취에서 추출한 엽록소의 안정성

이미순,정미숙 德成女子大學校 1996 德成女大論文集 Vol.27 No.-

참취는 약리작용과 독특한 풍미를 지니고 있을 뿐만아니라 농가에서 재배를 권장하고 있는 우리나라 고유의 특용작물이다. 식품의 천연착색료로서 참취를 사용하기 위하여 우리나라에서 예로부터 착색료로 이용되어 온 쑥과 취나물의 한 종류인 곰취의 색소 선호도와 chlorophyll의 열안정성 실험을 실시하였다. 신선한 시료 가운데서 참취의 색이 가장 선호되었고 100℃에서 10분간 데쳤을 때는 참취와쑥의 선호도가 가장 좋게 나타났다.(p〈.0001). 신선한 상태 및 100℃에서 10분간 데친 참취에서 추출된 chlorophyll a, b 와 pheophytin a,b 함량에서 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 곰취와 쑥은 신선한 상태 및 100℃에서 10분간 데친 처리에서 색소 함량의 유의적 변화가 있었다.(p〈.05). 따라서 참취는 색소 선호도가 가장 높고, 열안정성도 우수하므로 식품의 천연 착색료로의 사용을 권장할만 하다고 사료된다. Aster scaber is Korean wild vegetable which has medicinal effect and characteristic flavor. For the purpose of using this Aster scaber as a natural food colorant, Artemisia princeps, Ligularia fischeri and Aster scaber were studied in their color preference and heat stabklity. From the fresh samples, the color of Aster scaber was mostly preferred and from the samples which were blanched at 100℃ for 10 min the color of Aster scaberand Artemisia princeps were mostly preferred(p〈.0001). Also there were no significant defferences on the amount of chlorophyll a, b pheophytin a, b from fresh sample and the one from blanched Aster scaber at 100℃ for 10 min. But Artemisia princeps and Ligularia fischeri had significant differences on the amount of pigment from both treatment(p〈.05). Based on the data presented, it was concluded that Aster scaber is mostly suggestable as a natural food colorant for green color.

묏미나리와 참나물의 휘발성 풍미 성분

이미순,정미숙,최봉희 德成女子大學校 1992 德成女大論文集 Vol.21 No.-

야생식용 식물을 식량자원으로 사용하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 산야에 자생하는 묏미나리와 참나물을 수증기 증류하여 GC 및 GC/MS 분석에 의해 휘발성 풍미성분을 분석하였다. 묏미나리에서는 α-pinene,β-pinene,β-myrcene, linomene의 monoterpenes류와 sesquiterpenes에 속하는 β-caryophellene,α-humulene이 확인되었으며, α-pinene,β-pinene,phellandrene 및 limonene의 monoterpenes 4종과 sesquiterpenes류에 속하는 β-caryophyllene, humulene의 2종이 참나물에서 확인되었다. The volatile flavor components of Ostericum sieboldii and pimpinella brachycarpa were collected by steam distillation. The essential oils were analyzed by the methods of gas chromatography(GC) and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Components α-pinene, β-pinene, β-mmyrcene, limonene, β-caryophyllene and α-humulene were identkfied in Wstericum sieboldii. Six components identified in Pimpinella brachycarpa were α-pinene, β-pinene, phellandrene, limonene, β-caryophyllene and humulene.