Making cheese with caprifig sap in Apulia, Italy: possible rebirth of an ancient tradition

Michele Faccia,Daniele Apruzzese,Pierluigi Passaro 한국식품연구원 2019 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.6 No.-

Background and objectives: Making cheese by coagulating milk with extracts or parts of plants is a tradition of many countries facing the Mediterranean basin. Such cheeses were historically produced from sheep and goat milk and represent an important cultural heritage. In the European Union (EU), nowadays, their production is allowed only after legal validation of the manufacturing process under the hygienic point of view. Unfortunately, validation has been possible only for a few Protected Designation of Origin cheeses, but other dairy products exist for which it has not been carried out. It is the case of the caprifig sap cheeses produced in the “Murgia” highplain, Apulia region, Southern Italy. In this rural marginal area, three cheeses have been historically made by this coagulant: milk sap ricotta, Pampanella, and Cacioricotta. Due to the above legal concerns, they have become very rare and, if no action is taken, they will disappear very soon. The main purpose of the present work was to make a survey about the status of preservation of their processing methods and to document them before it is too late. A second aim was to perform a first summary investigation about their safety and compositional and sensory characteristics. Methods: A series of face-to-face interviews was conducted to owners and cheesemakers of sheep and goat farms laying in the Murgia Hills territory. Cheese samples were prepared at three different rural dairies and subjected to chemical, microbiological, and sensory analyses. Results and conclusions: The survey confirmed that caprifig sap cheeses are still occasionally produced for family consumption, mainly from goat milk in the southern part of the highplain. They have the common characteristic of deriving from milk subjected to strong heat treatment and containing both casein and whey proteins. The manufacturing procedures were observed, and two different methods of preparing and using caprifig sap were documented. The cheesemaking process was analyzed and discussed under a technological point of view, and geo-sociological connections were hypothesized. The three cheeses presented significant sensory differences and proved to potentially match the EU hygienic standards if the post-vat operations are performed under correct conditions. Overall, the study gave a contribution for the hygienic validation of the manufacturing process in view of a possible rebirth.

Immunostaining patterns reveal potential morphogenetic role of Toll-like receptors 4 and 7 in the development of mouse respiratory system, liver and pancreas

Michele Sommariva,Marco Busnelli,Elena Menegola,Francesca Di Renzo,Serena Indino,Alessandra Menon,Isabella Barajon,Francesca Arnaboldi 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.2

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the mammalian ortholog of Drosophila melanogaster protein Toll, originallyidentified for its involvement in embryonic development. In mammals, TLRs are mainly known for their ability to recognize pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns and, consequently, to initiate the immune response. However, it is becoming clear that TLRs can play a role also in mammal embryo development. We have previously described TLR4 and TLR7 expression in developing mouse peripheral nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. In the present study, we extended the investigation of TLR4 and TLR7 to the respiratory system and to the two main accessory organs of the digestive system, the liver and pancreas. TLR4 and TLR7 immunostaining was performed on mouse conceptuses collected at different stages, from E12 to E18. TLR4 and TLR7 immunoreactivity was evident in the embryo pancreas and liver at E12, while, in therespiratory apparatus, appeared at E14 and E17, respectively. Although further studies are required to elucidate the specific role of these TLRs in embryo development, the differential spatiotemporal TLR4 and TLR7 appearance may suggest that TLR expression in developing embryos is highly regulated for a possible their direct involvement in the formation of the organs and in the acquisition of immune-related features in preparation for the birth.

RANS simulation of secondary flows in a low pressure turbine cascade: Influence of inlet boundary layer profile

Michele, Errante,Andrea, Ferrero,Francesco, Larocca Techno-Press 2022 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.9 No.5

Secondary flows have a huge impact on losses generation in modern low pressure gas turbines (LPTs). At design point, the interaction of the blade profile with the end-wall boundary layer is responsible for up to 40% of total losses. Therefore, predicting accurately the end-wall flow field in a LPT is extremely important in the industrial design phase. Since the inlet boundary layer profile is one of the factors which most affects the evolution of secondary flows, the first main objective of the present work is to investigate the impact of two different inlet conditions on the end-wall flow field of the T106A, a well known LPT cascade. The first condition, labeled in the paper as C1, is represented by uniform conditions at the inlet plane and the second, C2, by a flow characterized by a defined inlet boundary layer profile. The code used for the simulations is based on the Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) formulation and solves the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled with the Spalart Allmaras turbulence model. Secondly, this work aims at estimating the influence of viscosity and turbulence on the T106A end-wall flow field. In order to do so, RANS results are compared with those obtained from an inviscid simulation with a prescribed inlet total pressure profile, which mimics a boundary layer. A comparison between C1 and C2 results highlights an influence of secondary flows on the flow field up to a significant distance from the end-wall. In particular, the C2 end-wall flow field appears to be characterized by greater over turning and under turning angles and higher total pressure losses. Furthermore, the C2 simulated flow field shows good agreement with experimental and numerical data available in literature. The C2 and inviscid Euler computed flow fields, although globally comparable, present evident differences. The cascade passage simulated with inviscid flow is mainly dominated by a single large and homogeneous vortex structure, less stretched in the spanwise direction and closer to the end-wall than vortical structures computed by compressible flow simulation. It is reasonable, then, asserting that for the chosen test case a great part of the secondary flows details is strongly dependent on viscous phenomena and turbulence.

Biolite: A Patented Ultra-Low-Level Laser-Therapy Device for Treating Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Impairments

Michele Gallamini,Giovanni D’Angelo,Gabriele Belloni 사단법인약침학회 2015 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.8 No.4

After an excursus on state-of-the-art knowledge for low-level laser therapy (LLLT), Biolite, a patented ultra-low-level laser therapy device used to treat musculoskeletal pain and associated impairments, is presented. The application protocols include short stimulation of sequences of acupuncture points. The observed effects seem, however, to be far from those that might be expected after acupuncture. The primary effect seems more likely to be an extracellular soft-tissue matrix reaction. The development of the technique, the studies performed, and the evidence collected over > 10 years suggest that specifically modulated laser light can interact with human tissues at light fluences well under those previously considered as being capable of having any effect. Musculoskeletal pain very often becomes an autonomous dysfunction that is independent of the original injury and that can be effectively treated using specific peripheral acupuncture-like stimulation. Because such acupuncture is capable of reducing motor control “interferences” from noxious stimuli, it can improve motor control performance, thereby reducing the risk of falls in the elderly individuals. The proposal of acupuncture-derived protocols to be applied by Western physiotherapists using an ultra-low-level laser therapy device is a further “bridge” between two different, and sometimes very different, clinical worlds to better serve our patients.

Comparison of traditional and simplified methods for repairing CAD/CAM feldspathic ceramics

Michele Carrabba,Alessandro Vichi,Chris Louca,Marco Ferrari 대한치과보철학회 2017 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.9 No.4

PURPOSE. To evaluate the adhesion to CAD/CAM feldspathic blocks by failure analysis and shear bond strength test (SBSt) of different restorative systems and different surface treatments, for purpose of moderate chipping repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A self-adhering flowable composite (Vertise Flow, Kerr) containing bi-functional phosphate monomers and a conventional flowable resin composite (Premise Flow, Kerr) applied with and without adhesive system (Optibond Solo Plus, Kerr) were combined with three different surface treatments (Hydrofluoric Acid Etching, Sandblasting, combination of both) for repairing feldspathic ceramics. Two commercial systems for ceramic repairing were tested as controls (Porcelain Repair Kit, Ultradent, and CoJet System, 3M). SBSt was performed and failure mode was evaluated using a digital microscope. A One-Way ANOVA (Tukey test for post hoc) was applied to the SBSt data and the Fisher’s Exact Test was applied to the failure analysis data. RESULTS. The use of resin systems containing bi-functional phosphate monomers combined with hydrofluoric acid etching of the ceramic surface gave the highest values in terms of bond strength and of more favorable failure modalities. CONCLUSION. The simplified repairing method based on self-adhering flowable resin combined with the use of hydrofluoric acid etching showed high bond strength values and a favorable failure mode. Repairing of ceramic chipping with a self-adhering flowable resin associated with hydrofluoric acid etching showed high bond strength with a less time consuming and technique-sensitive procedure compared to standard procedure.

How Does Prior Information Affect Analyst Forecast Herding?

Michele O'Neill,Minsup Song,Judith Swisher 한국재무학회 2008 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.05

This research uses four different measures of bold to investigate how prior information affects analyst herding decisions. Results for the more restrictive measures of bold suggest that the probability of herding is greater with large information shocks. Evidence also shows that analysts are more likely to herd in their forecast revisions when their current outstanding forecasts deviate more from the consensus mean and in the presence of strong observable signals. In general, analysts with current outstanding forecasts that are optimistic are more likely to issue revised forecasts that are also optimistic.

Remembering How: Language, Memory, and the Salience of Manner

( Michele I Feist ),( Paula Cifuentes Ferez ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2013 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.14 No.4

Inspired by Talmy`s (1985, 2000) seminal work on the lexicalization of motion events, the linguistic encoding of elements of motion events has been an active area of research. Recently, Slobin (2003, 2004, 2006) refined Talmy`s typology, pointing out the differential salience of manner of motion across languages. Among the potential cognitive consequences of this differential salience of manner, Slobin (2003) postulates that manner might be more memorable for speakers of high-manner-salient languages than for speakers of low-manner-salient languages. In this paper, we take up this suggestion, asking whether English speakers and Spanish speakers will show different patterns of errors in a test of recognition for short video clips of motion events, consistent with the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis. We observed that English speakers produced fewer errors overall, and fewer errors in responses to previously unseen items. Responses to previously viewed items revealed a more subtle effect, with the number of videos viewed at study playing a role in the language effect: English speakers made fewer errors on previously viewed items when they had seen fewer items at study, while Spanish speakers made fewer errors when they had seen more items at study. We discuss the implications of these findings for the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis and for the role of manner salience in memory for motion events.

Basel III in Reality

( Michele Fratianni ),( John C. Pattison ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2015 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.30 No.1

Financial regulation has shifted from a system as an oligopoly dominated by the G2/G5 to expanded clubs like the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision. Expansive clubs have to agree to terms that are closer to the preferences of soft-regulation members. Yet, once a global agreement on minimum standards, such as Basel 3, is reached, the task is left to national or regional regulators. Deviations from the Basel 3 standards are bound to occur; the complexity of the agreement will facilitate an asymmetric implementation of national regulation and supervision. Countries like Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, and some Scandinavian countries have chosen higher standards. On the other hand, we should expect deviations to take place in member countries of the Eurozone that are heterogeneous having different preferences and trade-off between regulatory stringency and economic activity. The requirements of both global clubs and regional club regarding transparency, monitoring, and a level playing field will also cause a collision. This paper reports examples of heterogenous applications of supervisions and reforms.

적극적인 시민 의식 형성을 위한 노력 : 국제적 비교 International Comparisons

Michele Schweisfurth 한국민주시민교육학회 2006 한국민주시민교육학회보 Vol.11 No.2

문자 음성변환(Text-to-Speech) 프로그램 적용이 초등학교 3학년 학생들의 읽기 이해및 읽기 독립성에 미치는 영향

Michele O’Steen,박상훈(Sanghoon Park) 전남대학교 교육문제연구소 2020 교육연구 Vol.42 No.2

이 연구의 목적은 읽기 과제에서의 문자 음성변환(Text-to-Speech) 프로그램 적용이 초등학교 3학년 학생들의 읽기 이해및 읽기 독립성에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이었다. 이 연구에서 독립변인은 읽기 과제를 위한 문자 음성변환 프로그램의 적용이었고, 종속변인들은 읽기 이해능력 및 읽기 독립성이었다. 총 36명의 초등학교 3학년 학생들이 각각 18명씩 실험집단과 통제집단에 나누어져 실험에 참여 하였으며, 실험 집단에 속한 학생들은 연구 이전에 프로그램에 관한 설명과 간단한 연습을 통하여 문지음성변환 프로그램에 친숙해지도록 하였다. 통제집단에 속한 학생들은 실험집단에 속한 학생들과 동일한 읽기 자료를 활용하였으나 문자 음성변환 프로그램을 사용하지 않았다. 학생들의 사전 읽기 능력의 차이가 존재하는 지 알아보기 위하여 사전 읽기 능력 검사를 실시하였으며, 그 후 사후 읽기 능력 검사를 실시하여 실험집단 학생들과 통제집단 학생들의 차이를 분석하였다. 학생들의 읽기 독립성은 각 학생이 읽기 과제를 수행하는 동안 도움 요청이 있는 경우를 기록하여 측정하였다. 사전 검사 결과와 사후 검사 결과는 독립표본 t 검증을 통하여 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 문자 음성변환 프로그램을 사용하여 읽기 과제를 수행한 3학년 학생들이프로그램을 사용하지 않은 3학년 학생들에 비해 높은 사후 읽기 검사 점수를 받았으며 그 차이는 유의미 하였다. 그러나 두 집단간 읽기 독립성에 있어서의 유의미한 차이는 발견되지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of text-to-speech(TTS) program on third grade students reading comprehension and their independence while working on assignments. The independent variable was the integrtion of TTS program in reading, and the dependent variables included reading comprehension and learning independence. Two groups with 18 third grade students in each participated in this study. The experimental group received two training sessions, a demonstration session and hands-on session, to familiarize them with the TTS program and studied reading comprehension passages using the program. The control group studied the same reading passages without utilizing the TTS program. A pre reading comprehension test was administered to ensure prior reading equivalency between the experimental group and the control group. Then the post reading comprehension test was conducted to examine if there is any statistical difference between the experimental group and the control group. Student independence was assessed by counting tallies of aid requests for each participant during the reading task. Data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test for both pretest scores and posttest scores. The results showed that the pretest scores between the two groups were not significantly different. However, third grade students who used the TTS program in reading outperformed the students in the control group when comparing the posttest scores. Student learning independence was not significantly different between the two groups.