RNA-Binding Proteins in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Melody Zhao,Jihye Rachel Kim,Rebekah van Bruggen,박지혜 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.9

Significant research efforts are ongoing to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which may in turn pinpoint potential therapeutic targets for treatment. The ALS research field has evolved with recent discoveries of numerous genetic mutations in ALS patients, many of which are in genes encoding RNA binding proteins (RBPs), including TDP-43, FUS, ATXN2, TAF15, EWSR1, hnRNPA1, hnRNPA2/B1, MATR3 and TIA1. Accumulating evidence from studies on these ALS-linked RBPs suggests that dysregulation of RNA metabolism, cytoplasmic mislocalization of RBPs, dysfunction in stress granule dynamics of RBPs and increased propensity of mutant RBPs to aggregate may lead to ALS pathogenesis. Here, we review current knowledge of the biological function of these RBPs and the contributions of ALS-linked mutations to disease pathogenesis.

Design and Fabrication of a Low-Cost Teaching Atomic Force Microscope with 3D Printed Parts

Melody CHEPKOECH,Bernard Ouma Alunda,루크오두어르오티에노,박상준,Clare Chisu Byeon,이영중 한국물리학회 2019 새물리 Vol.69 No.2

Over the past decade, additive manufacturing and three-dimensional (3D) printing have had a profound impact on manufacturing. With the emergence of affordable 3D printers, rapid prototyping has been quite accessible to researchers in academic and industrial laboratories. As a consequence, the number of laboratory instruments that have been assembled with 3D printed parts has risen. We present an atomic force microscope (AFM) constructed with as many 3D printed parts as the design would permit. Due to its simplicity, the proposed AFM is suitable for assembly by undergraduate students in a project-based laboratory course setting. The images of compact disc (CD) data tracks and standard samples obtained using the proposed low-cost AFM effectively demonstrate its nanoscale imaging capability.

Relationship between saliva and blood cortisol in handled cows

Melody Dzviti,Lizwell Mapfumo,Voster Muchenje 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.5

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between plasma and salivary cortisol concentrations in beef cattle that were subjected to handling prior to sampling. Methods: Twenty-one Nguni cows of three age categories; 5 to 7 yr (n = 7), 8 to 10 yr (n = 6), and 11 to 13 yr (n = 8) were handled for five consecutive weeks. In the pen, a human avoidance test was performed and cattle responses to restraint in the chute and crush were observed. In addition, rectal temperature readings were taken and, faecal samples were collected and analysed for glucocorticoid metabolites. Through the handling and restraint process, excretory and vocalisation behaviour, as a sign of stress were observed and recorded. Thereafter, six cows were randomly selected and subjected to an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge. Blood and saliva samples were extracted to determine cortisol concentrations. Results: Repeated handling affected (p<0.05) faecal glucocorticoid metabolites, rectal temperatures, avoidance distance, crush scores as well as urination and defaecation behaviour. Acclimation to handling was variable based on each respective parameter. Saliva cortisol concentrations increased and decreased significantly (p<0.001). A peak value of 136.78± 15.869 nmol/L was observed 30min after administration of ACTH, from a baseline value of 8.75± 15.869 nmol/L. Plasma cortisol concentrations did not differ (p>0.05) across the time of sampling. A low and insignificant correlation (r = 0.0131, p>0.05) between plasma and saliva cortisol was therefore observed. Conclusion: We conclude that if beef cows are subjected to handling prior to sampling, a weak relationship exists between plasma and salivary cortisol levels.

Skew brace enhancements and virtual links

Melody Chang,Sam Nelson 대한수학회 2024 대한수학회논문집 Vol.39 No.1

We use the structure of skew braces to enhance the biquandle counting invariant for virtual knots and links for finite biquandles defined from skew braces. We introduce two new invariants: a single-variable polynomial using skew brace ideals and a two-variable polynomial using the skew brace group structures. We provide examples to show that the new invariants are not determined by the counting invariant and hence are proper enhancements.

Bagong BayANIhan ng Bayan: A Co-Creation Innovation Approach in the Mindset Transformation of Philippines’ Local Planning through Korea’s Saemaul Undong under the New Normal

어거스트 멜로디 안동(August Melody A. Andong ) 영남대학교 박정희새마을연구원 2022 새마을학연구 Vol.7 No.1

이 논문은 필리핀의 지역 계획 프로세스를 향상시키기 위해 한국의 새마을개발 프레임워크를 사용하여 고안된 공동 창조 혁신(CCI) 접근법인 캡스톤 프로젝트 Bagong BayANIhan ng Bayan 에 대한 적용타당성을 알아보는 것에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 전염병 이전 및 동안 필리핀의 개발 동향에 대한 2 차 데이터 및 경험적 참조를 통해 증거기반 조사를 수행한 후 지역계획 수립에 중요한 뉴노멀 정책에 대해서도 살펴보았다. 더불어 지역계획의 문제와 과제의 구분을 시도하였다. 이를 통해 계획의 '비빙카 기법'이라고도 하는 통합된 하향식 및 상향식 계획 프로세스에 대한 CCI 모델로 캡스톤 프로젝트를 개념화할 수 있었다. 또한, CCI 모델은 필리핀의 전통적 협력가치인 바야니한의 활성화와 새마을운동 원칙의 개입으로 필리핀 지역계획의 사고방식 전환을 나타내고 있었다. 뉴 노멀 하에서 정부의 재활 및 복구 조치를 지원할 수 있는 프로세스, 정책, 제품 및 사회혁신의 가능성은 CCI 모델을 통해 도출됨을 알 수 있었다. This presents the preliminary paper on the capstone project Bagong BayANIhan ng Bayan, a co-creation innovation (CCI) approach designed to enhance the local planning process in the Philippines using Korea’s Saemaul Development Framework. The project employed analytical research and conducted an evidence-based inquiry through secondary data and empirical references on the Philippines’ development trends before and during pandemic. Recent policies under the New Normal that are critical in the formulation of the local plans were also examined. Data were analyzed to identify the issues and challenges in local planning. Result of the research led to the conceptualization of the capstone project with a CCI model on integrated top-down and bottom-up planning process, also referred as ‘bibingka technique’ of planning. The CCI model showed the revitalization of the Filipino traditional value of cooperation or bayanihan and the application of Saemaul Undong principles as intervention for the mindset transformation in the Philippines’ local planning. The CCI model draws out process, policy, product and social innovations that can aid the government’s rehabilitation and recovery actions under the New Normal.

Villagers’ Attitude on the Project Implementation of the New Villageship for Sustainable Develop- ment in the Province of Iloilo, Philippines: An Evaluation of the Level of Internalization of the Saemaul Spirits

오거스트 멜로디 A. 안동(August Melody A. Andong),에이프릴 아우라 A. 카초(April Aura A. Cacho) 영남대학교 박정희새마을연구원 2019 새마을학연구 Vol.4 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 필리핀 일로일로주 레머리군의 주민들이 ‘지속가능발전 새마을 사업(NVSD)’의 시행 이후 그 태도가 어떻게 바뀌었는지를 알아보는 데 있다. NVSD는 새마을개발 액션플랜에서 도출된 3G(녹색 학습, 녹색 직업, 녹색 경제)를 강조하는 새마을 시범 사업이다. NVSD 시행 이전의 주민들의 태도는 관심 집단 토론과 주요 정보 제공자에 대한 면접을 통해 규명하고 확인했다. 1년 동안의 NVSD 시행 이후 주민들의 태도 변화를 측정하기 위해 연구자들은 서베이 조사를 위한 측정 도구를 직접 고안했으며 편의표집방법에 의거해 표본을 선정했다. 연구 결과 주민들 중 15세 이상 34세 이하의 연령대가 다른 연령대보다 더 큰 태도 변화를 보였고, 여성이 남성보다, 기혼자가 미혼자보다 더 큰 태도 변화를 보인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 가족 구성원 수가 3~4명인 경우가 기타의 경우보다, 무직인 사람이 직업이 있는 사람보다 더 큰 태도 변화를 보였으며, 4개의 지역(sitio) 중 Sitio Proper의 주민들이 가장 큰 태도 변화를 보인 것으로 나타났다. 주민들은 협동을 가장 높게 내면화한 반면, 근면은 중간 정도로, 자조는 가장 적게 내면화한 것으로 드러났다. The descriptive study presents the attitudes and attitudinal change among the villagers of Lemery, Iloilo in the Philippines before and after the implementation of the New Villageship for Sustainable Development (NVSD), a saemaul pilot project of the 3Gs of Philippines Saemaul Development Action Plan. The villagers’ attitude prior to NVSD were determined and validated through focus group discussions and key informant interviews. To measure the villagers’ attitude after one year of NVSD, a researcher-made instrument was utilized in the survey to gather data from samples that were selected by convenient sampling. The frequency count was used for analyses and results showed that the villagers who are 15 to 34 years old, female, with a family size of 3-4, married, no work and lives in Sitio Proper showed positive attitudinal change. The study also determined that the villagers highly internalized cooperation, moderately internalized diligence and poorly internalized self-help.

RNA-Binding Proteins in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Zhao, Melody,Kim, Jihye Rachel,van Bruggen, Rebekah,Park, Jeehye Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.9

Significant research efforts are ongoing to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which may in turn pinpoint potential therapeutic targets for treatment. The ALS research field has evolved with recent discoveries of numerous genetic mutations in ALS patients, many of which are in genes encoding RNA binding proteins (RBPs), including TDP-43, FUS, ATXN2, TAF15, EWSR1, hnRNPA1, hnRNPA2/B1, MATR3 and TIA1. Accumulating evidence from studies on these ALS-linked RBPs suggests that dysregulation of RNA metabolism, cytoplasmic mislocalization of RBPs, dysfunction in stress granule dynamics of RBPs and increased propensity of mutant RBPs to aggregate may lead to ALS pathogenesis. Here, we review current knowledge of the biological function of these RBPs and the contributions of ALS-linked mutations to disease pathogenesis.

Convergence and Network Societies

William H. Melody 정보통신정책연구원 1993 세미나및공청회 Vol.1993 No.

The interplay between host immune cells and gut microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases

김동현,Melody Y Zeng,Gabriel Núñez 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

Many benefits provided by the gut microbiota to the host rely on its intricate interactions with host cells. Perturbations of the gut microbiota, termed gut dysbiosis, affect the interplay between the gut microbiota and host cells, resulting in dysregulation of inflammation that contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, allergic asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. In this review, we provide an overview of how gut bacteria modulates host metabolic and immune functions, summarize studies that examined the roles of gut dysbiosis in chronic inflammatory diseases, and finally discuss measures to correct gut dysbiosis as potential therapeutics for chronic inflammatory diseases.

Comparative Study of Trans-linear and Trans-impedance Readout Circuits for Optical Beam De ection Sensors in Atomic Force Microscopy

Bernard Ouma Alunda,루크오두어르오티에노,Melody CHEPKOECH,변지수,이영중 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.74 No.2

The optical beam de ection sensor remains the most popular force detection method used in atomic force microscopy. With the recent development of short cantilevers, a means for measuring small de ections at high frequencies has become a challenge. Minimizing the noise level of the readout electronics without signicantly limiting the detection bandwidth still remains a challenge. In this work, a recently proposed trans-linear readout circuit-based technique, in which necessary analog arithmetics are done in the current domain instead of the voltage domain, is compared to a more traditional trans-impedance readout circuit-based topology. Our developed trans-impedance readout circuit recorded a noise oor of 9:48 1013 V2 Hz1 compared to 1:41 1011 V2 Hz1 for the trans-linear readout circuit. Also, the measured 3 dB bandwidth of 11 MHz for the transimpedance readout circuit was slightly higher than the 10 MHz for the trans-linear readout circuit. Trans-impedance readout circuits, with proper circuit design considerations and careful selection of electronic parts, still remain competitive for use in high-speed operations in atomic force microscopy.