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Impact of Zinc Stress on Biochemical and Biophysical Parameters in Coffea Arabica Seedlings
Jacqueline Oliveira dos Santos,Cinthia Aparecida Andrade,Kamila Rezende Dázio de Souza,Meline de Oliveira Santos,Isabel Rodrigues Brandão,Jose Donizeti Alves,Iasminy Silva Santos 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3
Zinc is an essential micronutrient for the healthy development of plants, since its insufficient and supraoptimal doses can disrupt the metabolism and biomass production. We aimed to investigate the physiological responses of coffee seedlings to Zn deficiency and excess. Six-month-old seedlings were transferred to plastic pots containing a nutrient solution. The treatments were control (0.03 ppm), zinc deficiency (0.00 ppm), and zinc excess (0.12 ppm). The evaluations were performed in leaves and roots at the beginning of the treatments and after 30 and 60 d of treatments. Zn deficiency and excess increased the production of hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzymes activity, ascorbate, and lipid peroxidation contents. The imbalance in zinc nutrition reduced total chlorophyll content and increased carotenoids content throughout the experimental period. Lower biomass and proline accumulation were observed only for deficient seedlings at the end of the experiment. The characteristics analyzed showed that zinc deficiency caused greater damage to the Coffea arabica plants of (Catuai cultivar) than zinc excess.
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Vibration control of a smart piezo beam via gain scheduling H∞ controller based on LPV model
Abdullah Turan,Melin Sahin,Cem Onat 국제구조공학회 2021 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.27 No.1
In this study, a gain scheduling H<sub>∞</sub> controller based on Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) model was designed and applied to suppress the first out of plane bending vibration of a variable parameter smart beam equipped with Lead-Zirconium-Titanium (PZT) patches. This paper also introduces a novel LPV modelling technique which defalcates the zeros of the system. The controller design was carried out in three successive steps. In the first step, the variable parameter model of the beam with an added mass at its free end can rotate through a micro servo motor was experimentally obtained. In the second step, an original LPV model including the variable parameter model was obtained. Finally, H<sub>∞</sub> controller with gain scheduling was designed on LPV model. The obtained controller was then used both for simulations and experimental verifications. It was shown that in response to parameter changes in the system, the proposed controller is capable of suppressing the beam bending vibrations by also exhibiting a robust performance. In practice, the proposed LPV controller design strategy can be transacted for vibration control of aircraft wings, the parameters of which vary according to various load conditions changing in time and therefore deeply affects the passive characteristics of the system of interest.
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Active neuro-adaptive vibration suppression of a smart beam
Onur Akın,Melin Şahin 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.20 No.6
In this research, an active vibration suppression of a smart beam having piezoelectric sensor and actuators is investigated by designing separate controllers comprising a linear quadratic regulator and a neural network. Firstly, design of a smart beam which consists of a cantilever aluminum beam with surface bonded piezoelectric patches and a designed mechanism having a micro servomotor with a mass attached arm for obtaining variations in the frequency response function are presented. Secondly, the frequency response functions of the smart beam are investigated experimentally by using different piezoelectric patch combinations and the analytical models of the smart beam around its first resonance frequency region for various servomotor arm angle configurations are obtained. Then, a linear quadratic regulator controller is designed and used to simulate the suppression of free and forced vibrations which are performed both in time and frequency domain. In parallel to simulations, experiments are conducted to observe the closed loop behavior of the smart beam and the results are compared as well. Finally, active vibration suppression of the smart beam is investigated by using a linear controller with a neural network based adaptive element which is designed for the purpose of overcoming the undesired consequences due to variations in the real system
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Bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester structurally integrated on a trapezoidal plate
Ahmet Levent Avsar,Melin Sahin 국제구조공학회 2016 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.18 No.2
A bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester is developed for harvesting energy under the vortex induced vibration and it is integrated to a host structure of a trapezoidal plate without changing its passive dynamic properties. It is aimed to select trapezoidal plate as similar to a vertical fin-like structure which could be a part of an air vehicle. The designed energy harvester consists of an aluminum beam and two identical multi fiber composite (MFC) piezoelectric patches. In order to understand the dynamic characteristic of the trapezoidal plate, finite element analysis is performed and it is validated through an experimental study. The bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester is then integrated to the trapezoidal plate at the most convenient location with minimal structural displacement. The finite element model is constructed for the new combined structure in ANSYS Workbench 14.0 and the analyses performed on this particular model are then validated via experimental techniques. Finally, the energy harvesting performance of the bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester attached to the trapezoidal plate is also investigated through wind tunnel tests under the air load and the obtained results indicate that the system is a viable one for harvesting reasonable amount of energy.
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SucA-dependent uptake of sucrose across the outer membrane of Caulobacter crescentus
Samantha K. Modrak,Martha E. Melin,Lisa M. Bowers 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.9
Caulobacter crescentus is an aquatic Gram-negative bacterium that lives in nutrient-poor environments. Like several other aquatic and phytopathogenic bacteria, Caulobacter cells have a relatively large number of genes predicted to encode TonB-dependent receptors (TBDRs). TBDRs transport nutrients across the outer membrane using energy from the proton motive force. We identified one TBDR gene, sucA, which is situated within a cluster of genes predicted to encode a lacIfamily transcription factor (sucR), amylosucrase (sucB), fructokinase (sucC), and an inner membrane transporter (sucD). Given its genomic neighborhood, we proposed that sucA encodes a transporter for sucrose. Using RT-qPCR, we determined that expression of sucABCD is strongly induced by sucrose in the media and repressed by the transcription factor, SucR. Furthermore, cells with a deletion of sucA have a reduced uptake of sucrose. Although cells with a non-polar deletion of sucA can grow with sucrose as the sole carbon source, cells with a polar deletion that eliminates expression of sucABCD cannot grow with sucrose as the sole carbon source. These results show that the suc locus is essential for sucrose utilization while SucA functions as one method of sucrose uptake in Caulobacter crescentus. This work sheds light on a new carbohydrate utilization locus in Caulobacter crescentus.
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