Livres, Textes et Manuscrits de Ferdinand de Saussure

Claudia Lucía Mejía Quijano,Miguel Ángel Mahecha 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2020 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.23

Based on the criteria required for reading a book, two general notions, the “text” and the “manuscript”, are defined and explained at the beginning of this article from a semiological point of view. On this basis, several editions of Ferdinand de Saussure's manuscripts are then analysed, highlighting the deficiencies, which are often due to the disorder created in archive collections by superimposing manuscripts. A better classification of a primordial manuscript and the dating of another published manuscript are thus brought to light. Finally, it is proposed that this distinction between “text” and “manuscript” must be adopted and that Saussure's texts be favored in the reading and study of Saussure's manuscripts. A partir des variables nécessaires à la lecture d’un livre, deux notions générales, le « texte » et le « manuscrit », sont définies et expliquées au début de cet article d’un point de vue sémiologique. Sur cette base, plusieurs éditions de manuscrits de Ferdinand de Saussure sont ensuite analysées, en mettant en évidence des défauts, qui sont souvent dus au désordre créé dans les fonds d’archives par les superpositions de manuscrits. Un meilleur classement d’un manuscrit primordial et la datation d’un autre manuscrit publié sont ainsi mis en lumière. Pour finir, on propose de retenir cette distinction entre « texte » et « manuscrit », et de privilégier les textes de Saussure dans la lecture et l’étude des manuscrits saussuriens.

Master-Slave Teleoperation of Underactuated Mechanical Systems with Communication Delays

Ollin Peñaloza-Mejía,Luis A. Márquez-Martínez,Jaime Alvarez-Gallegos,Joaquín Alvarez 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2017 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.15 No.2

This paper addresses the control problem of master-slave teleoperation of a class of underactuated mechanicalsystems with communication delays. The core of the proposed solution introduces a suitable couplingmatrix, so the complete error dynamics is written in a linear part, and a nonlinear one, for which the matchingcondition is satisfied. Then, from this representation, discontinuous causal controllers are designed to achieve bilateralcoordination in force and position. The proposal is valid for underactuated manipulators with second-ordernon-holonomic constraints, and represents, to our best knowledge, a contribution in teleoperation systems wherethese mechanisms have been barely considered. Numerical simulations and real-time experiments developed overthe Internet are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

Gold nanoparticles: uptake in human mast cells and effect on cell viability, inflammatory mediators, and proliferation

Gutiérrez-Calleja Ramón A.,Rodríguez-Cortés Octavio,Flores-Mejía Raúl,Muñoz-Diosdado Alejandro 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2021 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.17 No.4

Background Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have potential for a wide range of applications as therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Since they have a high probability of interacting with human immune cells, cytotoxicity studies must be conducted. The investigation of AuNP/immune cell interaction has mainly focused on macrophages and dendritic cells, along with some other cell lineages. Scarce information is available regarding the effect of AuNPs on mast cells, which are abundant in the skin, mucosa, and perivascular space. Objective To examine the uptake of AuNPs by HMC-1 human mast cells and the resulting effect on cell viability, pro-inflammatory mediators production, and proliferation. Results With AuNPs treatment, the viability of HMC-1 cells decreased slightly (never less than 95%) during the first 4 h, but no changes were detected in the proliferation rate at any time. Increasing concentrations of AuNPs produced greater cell granularity (uptake). CLSM images exhibited AuNPs clusters in the cell cytoplasm. TNF-α and ROS production was not stimulated by AuNPs treatment at any concentration/time. Conclusion Internalization of AuNPs into HMC-1 cells was demonstrated in an in vitro model, without showing cytotoxic effects or induction of pro-inflammatory mediators at any concentration tested. Background Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have potential for a wide range of applications as therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Since they have a high probability of interacting with human immune cells, cytotoxicity studies must be conducted. The investigation of AuNP/immune cell interaction has mainly focused on macrophages and dendritic cells, along with some other cell lineages. Scarce information is available regarding the effect of AuNPs on mast cells, which are abundant in the skin, mucosa, and perivascular space. Objective To examine the uptake of AuNPs by HMC-1 human mast cells and the resulting effect on cell viability, pro-inflammatory mediators production, and proliferation. Results With AuNPs treatment, the viability of HMC-1 cells decreased slightly (never less than 95%) during the first 4 h, but no changes were detected in the proliferation rate at any time. Increasing concentrations of AuNPs produced greater cell granularity (uptake). CLSM images exhibited AuNPs clusters in the cell cytoplasm. TNF-α and ROS production was not stimulated by AuNPs treatment at any concentration/time. Conclusion Internalization of AuNPs into HMC-1 cells was demonstrated in an in vitro model, without showing cytotoxic effects or induction of pro-inflammatory mediators at any concentration tested.

Nuclear magnetic resonance assignment strategy for pentacyclic triterpenes, using lup‑20(29)‑ene from Pilotrichella flexilis as model system, combining spectrally filtered proton‑to‑carbon schemes and DFT–GIAO approach

Jose Enrique Herbert‑Pucheta,Cinthia Mejía‑Lara,Benito Reyes‑Trejo,Lino Reyes,Holber Zuleta‑Prada 한국응용생명화학회 2019 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.62 No.3

The present work comprises a method to obtain full proton-to-carbon nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift assignment of a C30H50 lup-20(29)-ene, for the first time obtained from the Mexican native mosses Pilotrichella flexilis, wherein said method consists in a combination of the following NMR schemes: 1D-13C (DEPT-135), 2D-{1H–13C} HMBC with a spectral filter for promoting only weak-c.a. 2 Hz-long-range scalar couplings, 2D-{1H–1H} EXSY with long mixing times to favour only weak H–H dipolar correlations and ultra-high resolution one- and two-dimensional 1H instant homodecoupling Psyche pure shift. Full set of assigned resonances were compared against the theoretical isotropic chemical shifts computed with a gauge invariant atomic orbital–density functional theory with self consistent reaction field calculation, retrieving accurate agreements, despite the intrinsic severe signal overlap that these C30 hydrocarbon triterpenes experimentally present. Therefore, a 3D-structure supported by experimental NMR data of this type of important metabolite precursor in plants can be proposed.

Effect of Oseltamivir on Catecholamines and Select Oxidative Stress Markers in the Presence of Oligoelements in the Rat Brain

David Calderón Guzmán,Ernestina Hernández García,Norma Osnaya Brizuela,Francisca Trujillo Jiménez,Gerardo Barragán Mejía,Daniel Santamaría del Ángel,Elvira Nuñez A,Liliana Carmona Aparicio,Hugo Juárez 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.10

The effect that osteltamivir has on the metabolism of catecholamines and oxidative damage in the brains of young patients remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of oseltamivir, in the presence of oligoelements, on biogenic amines and select oxidative biomarkers in the brains of uninfected, young rats under normal conditions. The study was conducted using male Wistar rats intraperitoneally treated for three days with either a control dose of 0.9 % NaCl, oseltamivir (50 mg/kg), oligoelements (50 μL/rat), or oseltamivir (50 mg/kg) and oligoelements (50 μL/rat). The brain tissue extracted from the treated rats was used to determine the concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, as well as the levels of GSH, lipid peroxidation, and ATPase activity. An increase in the concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline and in the level of GSH in the group treated with oligoelements (p < 0.001) was observed, while the group treated with oseltamivir and oligoelements, the levels of dopamine increased (p < 0.001), and in the groups treated with oligoelements alone or combination with oseltamivir a decrease in lipid peroxidation was observed (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that the consumption of oseltamivir and oligoelements induce biphasic changes in the metabolism of catecholamines; thereby, inducing a protective mechanism against oxidative damage in the brains of young rats.

Phylogenetic and morphological analysis of a new cliff-dwelling species reveals a remnant ancestral diversity and evolutionary parallelism in Sonchus (Asteraceae)

Mejí,as, José,A.,Chambouleyron, Mathieu,Kim, Seon-Hee,Infante, M. Dolores,Kim, Seung-Chul,Lé,ger, Jean-Franç,ois Springer-Verlag 2018 Plant systematics and evolution Vol.304 No.8

The Table of the Dead at the celebration of the deceased in the Ecuadorian Coastal Lowlands region

Efrén Silva Gómez,David Quezada Tobar,Miguel Orden Mejía,Estefanía Quezada Tobar 한국식품연구원 2020 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.7 No.-

Ecuador is considered a multi-ethnic and multicultural country. It has several celebrations that are part of its traditions. One of these celebrations is the feast of All Souls Day, commemorated in a different way in the four regions of the country. In the coastal lowlands region, especially in the province of Santa Elena, the Tugaduaja community performs a ritual called the Table of the Dead, which consists of displaying various foods that the deceased relatives loved. The objective of this article is to describe the elaboration of this ritual from the ethnographic point of view, for which in-depth interviews and observation cards were used. The Table of the Dead is held 2 days a year, on one occasion for dead children and on the other for dead adults. The festive meals that can never be absent from the table are roasted sweet potato, dead man’s bread, corn custard, and goat stew. This social, ritual and festive use contributes to the dialog and respect between the different cultures and communities of Ecuador

Experience of Virtual and Distance Training for Rural Teachers of Peru. Case study: Educational Robotics Course

Fernández Morales, Cecilia,Iriarte Gómez, Fernando,Mejía Solano, Carmen,Revuelta Domínguez, Francisco Ignacio APEC국제교육협력원 2017 Asia-Pacific Cybereducation Journal Vol.13 No.2

In Peru, according to the Census of Students (ECE) carried out by the Ministry of Education at 2016 (MINEDU), there are sustained differences between learning goals in rural and urban schools. There are more than 20 thousand educational robotic kits distributed nationwide. It requires trained teachers to develop their digital competence and integrate these resources into the teaching-learning process. In this context, a virtual course was designed and executed, showing rural teachers how to plan learning sessions that integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in their pedagogical practice. The course was validated with 2500 registered teachers. In the first court, 300 did not log into the virtual classroom, 500 did not to complete the course, 1170 remained active, 534 successfully completed the course and 473 gained a certificate through the virtual platform. In the second court, there are 667-registered teachers. The conclusions of the experience indicate that it is possible to implement strategies for electronic learning aimed at rural teachers in a sustainable and cost - effective way using ICT, which spontaneously create virtual communities of collaborative learning, which support the process allowing implementation the "Knowledge Management". This experience will allow us to make recommendations for rural education policy in Peru (Fernández Morales, Iriarte Gómez, Mejía Solano, & Revuelta Domínguez, 2017).

Vitamin D Insufficiency and Asthma Severity in Adults From Costa Rica

Felicia Montero-Arias,Giovanni Sedó-Mejía,Allan Ramos-Esquivel 대한천식알레르기학회 2013 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.5 No.5

Purpose: Non-classical actions of vitamin D as a cytokine are related to the immunopathology of asthma. Few studies have examined vitamin D levels and asthma severity in adults. The aim of this research was to assess the relationship between vitamin D levels, atopy markers, pulmonary function, and asthma severity. Methods: We analyzed 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in serum collected from 121 asthmatic adults from Costa Rica to investigate the association between vitamin D levels (categorized as sufficient, ≥30 ng/mL, or insufficient, <30 ng/mL), allergic rhinitis, total IgE and peripheral blood eosinophils (as markers of atopy), asthma severity, baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and forced vital capacity (FVC). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess these relationships. Results: When the population was stratified by vitamin D status, 91% of asthmatic patients with vitamin D levels below 20 ng/mL (n=36) and 74% of patients with vitamin D levels between 20 and 30 ng/mL (n=73) had severe asthma versus 50% of those with vitamin D sufficiency (n=12; P=0.02). Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with a higher risk of severe asthma (odds ratio [OR], 5.04; 95% Confidence interval [CI], 1.23-20.72; P=0.02). High vitamin D levels were associated with a lower risk of hospitalization or emergency department visit during the last year (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.84-0.98; P=0.04). Although there appeared to be a direct relationship between vitamin D levels and FEV1 (regression coefficient=0.48; r2=0.03), it did not reach statistical significance (P=0.07). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that vitamin D insufficiency is common among our cohort of asthmatic adults. Lower vitamin D levels are associated with asthma severity.

Knowledge of the Severity of Snoring among Patients of the Dental Clinic. An International Multicentric Study

Ana Boquete-Castro,Juan-Manuel Cortés-Mejía,Raquel Alarcón-Sánchez,Pedro Mayoral-Sanz 대한수면학회 2021 sleep medicine research Vol.12 No.1

Sleep-related breathing disorders increase morbidity and mortality of those patients suffering from them. Snoring is a quite common disorder; however, there are no publications describing the knowledge of the patients that attend to the dental clinic on how snoring can be a severe health problem. To evaluate the knowledge of the severity of snoring and its impact on systemic health among the patients that attend to the dental clinic. Anonymous questionnaires were given to patients at dental clinics in 4 countries. The questionnaires were composed by nine questions related to snoring and how it affects general health in children and adults. A total of 200 subjects participated in this multicentric study. The mean age of the participants was 42.57 years. The results from the present study show that there is a great lack of knowledge on the severity of snoring. Forty-eight percent of the participants affirmed they snore; however, only 20% of the sample think it is important to consult a specialist due to this problem. This study reveals the great lack of knowledge regarding the negative impact of snoring on systemic health and the need of implementing educational programs.