Young Girl Bra’s Market Research and Product Development Based on Functionality Value Study

Cai, Jian-mei;Wen, Yingyu;Gan, Wen-yun 한양대학교 2011 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.31 No.1

The young girl bra market awaked, it created the industrial value would be unable to estimate. This study sets out to focus on the analysis of young girl bra’s market research and product development based on functionality value. The methodology for this research involves multiple case studies involving girl bra target consumers. Functionality value and related theory guide product development concept as the key point. The research has identified young girl bra market is a size able blank in China. How to guide consumers’consumption awareness correctly by developing the functionality girl bra would be this research’s achievement. The paper linked scientific theory with practical market demand closely, comprehensive analysis of characteristics of adolescent girls in perfect underwear market segment, correct guidance bra consumer market, meet the girl consumer demand, and on the basis of functionality value in girls bra development would better reflected. The observations and analyses of girl bra functionality value would be the core of this paper, which is rarely known by people.

Survey on the Morbidity of Obesity and Analysis of Related Factors among School Children in Shanghai, China

Cai Mei-Qin,Wang Shao-Mu,Zhang Xiao-Min The Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2004 Journal of community nutrition Vol.6 No.3

Objective : To get a better understanding of obesity and etiological factors of obesity among school children. Methods : We have conducted a questionnaire survey of 4542 (2395male and 2147female) age from 7-15 in Shanghai School District to study their 24h nutrition intakes ; we have asked all our survey participating students to take a physical exam and body mass index measurement to determine the morbidity of obesity. Common statistic method was used in analyzing the data. Results : The result shows an over all morbidity (boys and girls) of $12.3\%$ among the students we have studied. Our research shows that boys have a higher rate of morbidity of obesity $17.1\%$ vs. $7.0\%$ for girls. The morbidity for boys starts under age 10, reaches the peak at age 10 ($24.3\%$), then declines after age 11 ; as for girls the morbidity starts at under age 9, reaches the peak at 9, and then declines after 10. Our study also indicates that the daily nutrition intake of protein, fat and carbohydrate by the students have satisfied Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), while the daily intakes of calcium, iron, zinc, and vitamin C are below the $80\%$ of the DRIs suggested value. For students who are obese, our study shows that their average daily intakes of calories and protein have reached $90\%$ of the suggested value by the RNI while the intakes of calcium, iron, and zinc are far below standards. Furthermore, our research shows that the obese students usually intake more calories, proteins and vitamin $B_1$, but less for iron and calcium compared to the normal students. Some other factors such as the education and occupation of the parents, especially the mother, the family history of obesity and the eating habits are important factors that should be closely watched. Conclusion : The morbidity of obesity among boys is higher than girls. Obesity is closely related to the family history, the diet habits and the life styles.

Gene Duplications Revealed during the Process of SNP Discovery in Soybean[Glycine max(L.) Merr.]

Cai, Chun Mei,Van, Kyu-Jung,Lee, Suk-Ha The Korean Society of Crop Science 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.4

Genome duplication(i.e. polyploidy) is a common phenomenon in the evolution of plants. The objective of this study was to achieve a comprehensive understanding of genome duplication for SNP discovery by Thymine/Adenine(TA) cloning for confirmation. Primer pairs were designed from 793 EST contigs expressed in the roots of a supernodulating soybean mutant and screened between 'Pureunkong' and 'Jinpumkong 2' by direct sequencing. Almost 27% of the primer sets were failed to obtain sequence data due to multiple bands on agarose gel or poor quality sequence data from a single band. TA cloning was able to identify duplicate genes and the paralogous sequences were coincident with the nonspecific peaks in direct sequencing. Our study confirmed that heterogeneous products by the co-amplification of a gene family member were the main cause of obtaining multiple bands or poor quality sequence data in direct sequencing. Counts of amplified bands on agarose gel and peaks of sequencing trace suggested that almost 27% of nonrepetitive soybean sequences were present in as many as four copies with an average of 2.33 duplications per segment. Copy numbers would be underestimated because of the presence of long intron between primer binding sites or mutation on priming site. Also, the copy numbers were not accurately estimated due to deletion or tandem duplication in the entire soybean genome.

SNP Marker Development and SNP-based Genetic Map Construction in Soybean

Cai Chun-Mei,Van Kyu-Jung,Kim Moon-Young,Lee Suk-Ha 한국작물학회 2006 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

Significance and Application of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for the BI-RADS Classification of Breast Cancer

Cai, Si-Qing,Yan, Jian-Xiang,Chen, Qing-Shi,Huang, Mei-Ling,Cai, Dong-Lu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.9

Background: Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) with dense breasts has a high rate of missed diagnosis, and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) could reduce organization overlapping and provide more reliable images for BI-RADS classification. This study aims to explore application of COMBO (FFDM+DBT) for effect and significance of BI-RADS classification of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: In this study, we selected 832 patients who had been treated from May 2013 to November 2013. Classify FFDM and COMBO examination according to BI-RADS separately and compare the differences for glands in the image of the same patient in judgment, mass characteristics display and indirect signs. Employ Paired Wilcoxon rank sum test was used in 79 breast cancer patients to find differences between two examine methods. Results: The results indicated that COMBO pattern is able to observe more details in distribution of glands when estimating content. Paired Wilcoxon rank sum test showed that overall classification level of COMBO is higher significantly compared to FFDM to BI-RADS diagnosis and classification of breast (P<0.05). The area under FFDM ROC curve is 0.805, while that is 0.941 in COMBO pattern. COMBO shows relation of mass with the surrounding tissues, the calcification in the mass, and multiple foci clearly in breast cancer tissues. The optimal sensitivity of cut-off value in COMBO pattern is 82.9%, which is higher than that in FFDM (60%). They share the same specificity which is both 93.2%. Conclusions: Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) could be used for the BI-RADS classification in breast cancer in clinical.

Understanding of Genome Duplication For SNP Marker Development in Soybean

Cai Chun-Mei,Van Kyu-Jung,Kim Moon-Young,Lee Suk-Ha 한국작물학회 2006 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

Optimization of SNP Genotyping Assay with Fluorescence Polarization Detection

Cai Chun Mei,Van Kyujung,Kim Moon Young,Lee Suk-Ha The Korean Society of Crop Science 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.5

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are valuable DNA markers due to their abundance and potential for use in automated high-throughput genotyping. Numerous SNP genotyping assays have been developed. In this report, one of effective and high throughput SNP genotyping assays, which was named the template-directed dye-terminator incorporation with fluorescence polarization detection (FP-TDI) was described. Although the most of this assay succeed, the objective of this work was to deter­mine the reasons for the failures, find ways to improve the assay and reduce the running cost. Ninety $F_2$-derived soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., RILs from a cross between 'Pureunkong' and 'Jinpumkong 2' were genotyped at four SNPs. FP measurement was done on $Victot^3$ microplate reader (perkinelmer Inc., Boston, MA, USA). Increasing the number of thermal cycles in the single-base extension step increased the separation of the FP values between the products corresponding to different genotypes. But in some assays, excess of heterozygous genotypes was observed with increase of PCR cycles. We discovered that the excess heterozygous was due to misincorporation of one of the dye­terminators during the primer extension reaction. After pyrophosphatase incubation and thermal cycle control, misincoporation can be effectively prevented. Using long amplicons instead of short amplicons for SNP genotyping and decreasing the amount of dye terminator and Acyclopol Taq polymerase to 1/2 or 1/3 decreased the cost of the assay. With these minor adjustments, the FP-TDI assay can be used more accurately and cost-effectively.

한국(韓國) 고대시학(古代詩學)의 심미사유 방식 연구 -직관(直觀),감오(感悟)의 심미적 사유방식을 중심으로-

채미화 ( Mei Hua Cai ) 근역한문학회 2010 한문학논집(漢文學論集) Vol.30 No.-

Korean traditional way of aesthetic thinking, which reflects complex meaning of aesthetic object in the situation of the integration of Gods and human beings, is influenced by Zen Buddhist theory of gradual cultivation and sudden enlightenment. It is formed to focus on the intuitive and enlightened way of aesthetic thinking and to emphasize on ruminating over aesthetic contemplation. The intuitive and enlightened way of aesthetic thinking pursues the poetic ideal of superb which is considered as the best quality in poetics.

Optimization of SNP Genotyping Assay with Fluorescence Polarization Detection

Chun Mei Cai,Kyujung Van,Moon Young Kim,Suk-Ha Lee 韓國作物學會 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.5

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are valuable DNA markers due to their abundance and potential for use in automated high-throughput genotyping. Numerous SNP genotyping assays have been developed. In this report, one of effective and high throughput SNP genotyping assays, which was named the template-directed dye-terminator incorporation with fluorescence polarization detection (FP-TDI) was described. Although the most of this assay succeed, the objective of this work was to deter-mine the reasons for the failures, find ways to improve the assay and reduce the running cost. Ninety F2 -derived soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., RILs from a cross between 'Pureunkong' and 'Jinpumkong 2' were genotyped at four SNPs. FP measurement was done on Victot3 microplate reader (perkinelmer Inc., Boston, MA, USA). Increasing the number of thermal cycles in the single-base extension step increased the separation of the FP values between the products corresponding to different genotypes. But in some assays, excess of heterozygous genotypes was observed with increase of PCR cycles. We discovered that the excess heterozygous was due to misincorporation of one of the dye-terminators during the primer extension reaction. After pyrophosphatase incubation and thermal cycle control, misincoporation can be effectively prevented. Using long amplicons instead of short amplicons for SNP genotyping and decreasing the amount of dye terminator and Acyclopol Taq polymerase to 1/2 or 1/3 decreased the cost of the assay. With these minor adjustments, the FP-TDI assay can be used more accurately and cost-effectively.

Sequence Divergence of Recently Duplicate Genes in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)

Chun Mei Cai,Kyu Jung Van,Moon Young Kim,Suk Ha Lee 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.3

Sequence divergence of duplicate genes was investigated in soybean, a diploidized paleopolyploid. To examine gene duplication, a total of seven primers designed from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were selected for this study because they produced (1) a single band but showed poor sequencing quality and (2) double bands on an agarose gel. After PCR amplification with genomic DNA, duplicate genes were identified by cloning and subsequent sequencing of twenty randomly-selected clones. Based on their alignment, two or three classes were identified in each amplicon. Linkage analysis confirmed that two duplicate loci were located on different chromosomes. The exon/intron structure was conserved between duplicate gene pairs. A detailed examination of the variation between duplicate pairs showed that the coding regions are highly conserved while many substitutions and insertion/deletions (indels) were identified in non-coding regions. In particular, non-homologs fragments were numerous and, on average, 82 bp in length within the non-coding region. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for some major agronomic characters, such as seed protein and oil, seed yield, plant height, and corn earworm resistance, were positioned across duplicate loci of TC225246 and TC224550, suggesting that the gene families appear to have retained similar functions throughout genome duplication and evolution events.