정도반의어 ‘있다/없다’의 의미 확장 연구

김미영(Jin, Mei?ying),김진수(Kim, Jin?soo) 한국어문학회 2019 語文學 Vol.0 No.144

This paper analyzes the aspects of the extended meaning of the gradable opposites ‘itta’ and ‘optta’. It demonstrates that unlike other general antonyms, the contrasting pair is not symmetrical in terms of distribution and meaning. Based on the cognitive linguistic theory, subjectivization refers to intervention in the context of a speaker’s utterances and is a cognitive process engaging in expressing one’s perspective within the context. With the application of subjectivization, gradable opposites ‘itta’ and ‘optta’ are realized by extending their quantitative, hierarchical, and evaluative opposing aspects. This can be interpreted as the foreground and background principle, which is well known in Gestalt psychology. Objectivity can be a background meaning of gradable opposites ‘itta’ and ‘optta’, and it is absolute and unbiased to anyone transcending individual prejudices. The degree in terms of quantitative, hierarchical, and evaluative aspects is reflected in the subjective attitude and belief of a speaker, and it shows that the contour is given as a meaning of foreground. The contrasting pair of gradable opposites, ‘itta’ and ‘optta’ does not have symmetrical distribution, as do other antonyms, because of neutralization, markedness, and differences in meaning areas.

韩汉在过去时间概念表达特点上的对比研究

朱美英(Zhu Mei Ying),白知永(Peck Jee Young) 중국문화연구학회 2016 중국문화연구 Vol.0 No.31

This work investigates if Chinese has a past tense as a grammatical category or not, and also what are the major linguistic methods to mark the notion of past in Chinese. We selected one of the most widely read Korean written novel and its Chinese translation in as a corpus for our comparative analysis. We extracted sentences which include ‘-었-’ or ‘-었었-’ from Korean data and their corresponding sentences in the Chinese data. Then for Chinese sentences, we annotated what methods each sentence uses to express the notion of past, among the eight types of methods which have been observed as a past tense marker by previous studies. These methods are zero marking, lexical expression, temporal adverb, mei+V, resultative phrase, aspect markers le/zhe/guo, V+de, and sentence final particles le2/laizhe. Then each marker was ranked according to their frequency: the most frequently used method is zero marking, followed by aspect markers+mei, then by resultative phrase. The least frequently used methods are ‘de’ to begin with, followed by temporal adverb and sentence final particle le2. Our statistics demonstrates different weight of each past marker in Chinese. Next, we classified each marker into three different types, namely, syntactic, lexical and pragmatic categories, and the ratio between these three categories is 42:19:39. This result indicates that Chinese sentences rely on grammatical method with 42% of weight, lexical method with 19% of weight and pragmatic method with 39% of weight when expressing the notion of past. Our statistics supports the hypothesis that Chinese does not have a grammatical category of Tense which includes Past as its subcategory. Furthermore, based on the statistics, this study also provides some useful suggestions for teaching and learning regarding how to express the notion of past when dealing with verbs denoting various aspectual properties in Chinese. The statistical analysis drawn from Korean-Chinese comparative corpus in this work sheds light on the study of Tense in Chinese as well as the study of pedagogy for Tense and Aspect of Chinese.

MCP법에 의한 YbBaCuO 초전도체 제조연구

이영매,소대화 명지대학교 대학원 1997 대학원논문집 Vol.1 No.-

In this paper, YbBa_2Cu_3O_x superconductor was sinterd by means of conventional solid reaction and the textured YbBa_2Cu_3O_x was prepared by the Melted-condenced process in which SmBa_2Cu_3O_x crystal was used as seed crystal to introduce the YbBa_2Cu_3O_x crystal growth. The texture of YbBa_2Cu_3O_x was examined by X-ray diffraction, and the fracture of YbBa_2Cu_3O_x sample was observed by SEM, which proved the sample was well oriented. After oxygen absorption of the textured YbBa_2Cu_3O_x sample, the critical temperature was measureed to be 86k. The critical current density was obtained at the value of 770A/㎠(77K, OH) calculated by Bean's Model using the measured values of hysterisys curve of VSM.

현탁용매에 따른 전기영동 초전도 후막의 영향

소대화,박정철,이영매,조용준,Korobova, Natalya 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

For the research of the effects on suspension solution with YBcO and BSCCO for elcectrophoretic deposition to prepare superconducting thick film wire, the preheating technique for the superconducting powders in vaccum system was used with various solvent solutions for electrophoresis such as acetone, toluen and buthanol was investigated. As a result, it was useful to remove the influence of remaining and adsorbed solvent solution which was existed between and on the particle surfaces when the specimens of superconducting wire by electrophoresis were treated in vacuum of 10-3 Torr and temperature around 200℃ in bell-jar system. Of the prepared superconducting wire samples, the critical current density, Jc was measured by 4-point prove method in liquid N₂, and at the value of 10³to 10⁴A/㎠, respectively, for the YBCO and BSCCO superconducting wires.

첨가물에 따른 고온 초전도 후막의 특성

소대화,전용우,이영매,김태완,Korobova, Natalya 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In this study, by using the electrophoresis, preparation of YBCO superconducting wire deposited on metal Ag base wire was studied with its properties. YBCO powder could be prepared by solid state reactions with calcining and sintering processes. Superconducting wire prepared on metal Ag wire used as cathode of deposition base could be also fabricated in the YBCO/acetone-dispersed solution to obtain several tens of ㎛ thick films. In the process of film deposition, a catalyst I₂added into the suspension solution was very useful for preparing thick film of YBCO, and BaF₂ of additive material was also necessary for preparing crack-free wire of YBCO superconductor. As a result, YBCO superconducting wire added 2~3wt.% of BaF₂with catalyst, I₂had better deposition condition for uniform and dense YBCO wires, and critical current density, Jc was calculated at the value of 1,458A/㎠ (more than 10³A/㎠, 77K, 0[T]) of 30㎛ thick sample by 4-point prove method.

전기영동 초전도후막의 전착밀도 개선

소대화,전용우,이영매,임병제,Korobova, Natalya 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

YBCO superconducting thick films were perpared on Ag wire by electrophoresis in acetone and ethanol with chemically modified suspension. The addition of organic compounds, such a PEG into suspension solution for improving critical current density was investigated. Surfac state, deposition conditions, pore distribution and cracks were investigated by using SEM photographs. Controlling preparation conditions were studied for reducing these defects. As a results, in acetone slolution, the surface crack of samples was decreased with increasing PEG. To develop optimum microstructures for samples processes affect the microstructure and hence the properties of ceramic superconductors.

P型 α-多孔 SiC. 的光致發光光潽硏究

이기환,김영유,두영뢰,우배매 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 自然科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

The photoluminescence (PL) spectra from p-type a-porous silicon carbides prepared under UV photo-assisted process and under dark-current condition are investigated in detail. Emission bands with peak energies of 2.35, 2.50, 2.70, and 3.43 are resolved. The PL stability in tune and the PL difference arising from different tuning excitation energies are studied. It is found that the PL spectra of the a-porous silicon carbide depend strongly on the preparation conditions for electrochemical etching. The PL spectrum of the sample prepared under photo-assisted process has an enhancement on the lower-energy side of the emission; on the contray, another one under dark-current condition has an enhancement at the higher energy side, and the former stability is better than the latter one, and the latter PL intensity decreases with the increase of the time in the air. The reasons about these differences are discussed.

Models of innovation scaling in Singapore schools: process objects as multi-level role clusters and outcomes—a multiple case study approach

Mei Ying Tan,David Wei Loong Hung 서울대학교 교육연구소 2020 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.21 No.4

Studying the processes involved in scaling technologically-mediated pedagogical innovations has moved into understanding how wider contexts relate to qualitative outcomes (depth, shift in reform ownership and spread). Understanding patterns in this relationship has been complicated by the diverse outcomes for a single innovation. This study examined the processes involved in scaling innovations, using the Cultural-Historical Activity Theory to view process as object, relating outcomes with the roles played by stakeholders in multiple layers of the school ecosystem (teachers, school leaders and cross-school personnel). The idea of multiple meanings in language facilitated the conceptualization of qualitatively different roles and outcomes. Multiple school cases (from different innovations) underwent cross-case comparison to create a typology of approaches to scaling. Three scaling models—sets of role combinations and related outcomes, were described: (1) Tech-Tools and Artifacts En Masse focused on across-the-board adoption of technology. (2) Deep Roots selected a core team to overhaul teaching approaches, with accompanying structural changes (in schedule, personnel involvement and professional learning communities). (3) Networks established partnerships among schools from the onset. The roles for each ecosystem level, for each model, were further explicated to relate roles and outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of foregrounding the process objects—the meta-level—of scaling, articulating the processes that affect outcomes. The models offer school leaders and those involved in innovation implementation (e.g., innovation designers, academic consultants, teacher educators working across schools) a framework to dialog, evaluate existing implementation strategies, and articulate next steps in school innovation trajectories.

A Novel MAP Kinase Gene in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), GhMAPK, is Involved in Response to Diverse Environmental Stresses

( Mei Mei Wang ),( Ying Zhang ),( Jian Wang ),( Xiao Liang Wu ),( Xing Qi Guo ) 생화학분자생물학회 2007 BMB Reports Vol.40 No.3

Invited Mini Review : Microorganism lipid droplets and biofuel development

Ying Mei Liu,Cong Yan Zhang,Xi Peng Shen,Xue Lin Zhang,Simon Cichello,Hong Bin Guan,Ping Sheng Liu 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2013 BMB Reports Vol.46 No.12