Screening of the Enterocin-Encoding Genes and Antimicrobial Activity in Enterococcus Species

( Mayara Baptistucci Ogaki ),( Katia Real Rocha ),( Marcia Regina Terra ),( Marcia Cristina Furlaneto ),( Luciana Furlaneto Maia ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.6

In the current study, a total of 135 enterococci strains from different sources were screened for the presence of the enterocin-encoding genes entA, entP, entB, entL50A, and entL50B. The enterocin genes were present at different frequencies, with entA occurring the most frequently, followed by entP and entB; entL50A and L50B were not detected. The occurrence of single enterocin genes was higher than the occurrence of multiple enterocin gene combinations. The 80 isolates that harbor at least one enterocin-encoding gene (denoted "Gene+ strains") were screened for antimicrobial activity. A total of 82.5% of the Gene+ strains inhibited at least one of the indicator strains, and the isolates harboring multiple enterocin-encoding genes inhibited a larger number of indicator strains than isolates harboring a single gene. The indicator strains that exhibited growth inhibition included Listeria innocua strain CLIP 12612 (ATCC BAA-680), Listeria monocytogenes strain CDC 4555, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus ATCC 6538, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076, Salmonella typhimurium strain UK-1 (ATCC 68169), and Escherichia coli BAC 49LT ETEC. Inhibition due to either bacteriophage lysis or cytolysin activity was excluded. The growth inhibition of antilisterial Gene+ strains was further tested under different culture conditions. Among the culture media formulations, the MRS agar medium supplemented with 2% (w/v) yeast extract was the best solidified medium for enterocin production. Our findings extend the current knowledge of enterocin-producing enterococci, which may have potential applications as biopreservatives in the food industry due to their capability of controlling food spoilage pathogens.

Prevalence of dental implant positioning errors: A cross-sectional study

Gabriel, Rizzo,Mayara Colpo, Prado,Lilian, Rigo Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2022 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.52 No.-

Purpose: This study evaluated the prevalence of dental implant positioning errors and the most frequently affected oral regions. Materials and Methods: A sample was obtained of CBCT images of 590 dental implants from 230 individuals who underwent diagnosis at a radiology center using cone-beam computed tomography from 2017 to 2020. The following variables were considered: thread exposure, violation of the minimum distance between 2 adjacent implants and between the implant and tooth, and implant contact with anatomical structures. Descriptive data analysis and the Pearson chi-square test(P<0.05) were performed to compare findings according to mouth regions. Results: Most (74.4%) of the 590 implants were poorly positioned, with the posterior region of the maxilla being the region most frequently affected by errors. Among the variables analyzed, the most prevalent was thread exposure (54.7%), followed by implant contact with anatomical structures, violation of the recommended distance between 2 implants and violation of the recommended distance between the implant and teeth. Thread exposure was significantly associated with the anterior region of the mandible (P<0.05). The anterior region of the maxilla was associated with violation of the recommended tooth-implant distance (P<0.05) and the recommended distance between 2 adjacent implants(P<0.05). Implant contact with anatomical structures was significantly more likely to occur in the posterior region of the maxilla (P<0.05). Conclusion: Many implants were poorly positioned in the posterior region of the maxilla. Thread exposure was particularly frequent and was significantly associated with the anterior region of the mandible.

Effect of Babassu Mesocarp As a Food Supplement During Resistance Training

Maísa Carvalho Rezende Soares,Mayara Cristina Pinto Silva,Francisco de Assis da Silva Almeida-Junior,Johnny Ramos Nascimento,Flavia Raquel Fernandes Nascimento,Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.4

The population widely uses babassu mesocarp (Attalea speciosa) as food and medicine. This study evaluated the use of babassu mesocarp as a food supplement during resistance training (RT). Male Swiss mice, 60 days old (weight 35–40 g), were divided into four groups (n = 8): control, untreated and untrained; babassu (babassu aqueous extract [BAE]), treated orally with aqueous extract of babassu mesocarp (25 mg/kg), five times a week, for 8 weeks; training (RT), submitted to RT consisting of stair climbing with progressive loads; and resistance training treated with babassu aqueous extract (RTBAE): RT and treatment with BAE. After 8 weeks, we analyzed the biochemistry of serum, the immunological, and histological parameters. The RT group showed maximum strength after the second week. A reduction in body weight, retroperitoneal and interstitial fat deposits, and activated helper T lymphocytes (TCD4+ CD69+) occurred in RT and RTBAE groups. The RTBAE group showed increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and macrophage and helper T lymphocyte count, whereas a reduction occurred in triglyceride levels and the total number of lymphocytes. Supplementation with BAE always reduced cholesterol and the population of activated macrophages but increased activated B lymphocytes and interleukin-6 levels. The combination of supplementation and RT resulted in a decreased production of tumor necrosis factor-α. We propose the use of babassu mesocarp as a food supplement during exercise because of its immunomodulatory effect on lymphocyte and macrophage populations and cytokine production. The additional impact on the control of cholesterol and triglyceride levels suggests its use, particularly for the treatment of dyslipidemias.

Prevalence of dental implant positioning errors: A cross-sectional study

Rizzo Gabriel,Prado Mayara Colpo,Rigo Lilian 대한영상치의학회 2022 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.52 No.4

Purpose: This study evaluated the prevalence of dental implant positioning errors and the most frequently affected oral regions. Materials and Methods: A sample was obtained of CBCT images of 590 dental implants from 230 individuals who underwent diagnosis at a radiology center using cone-beam computed tomography from 2017 to 2020. The following variables were considered: thread exposure, violation of the minimum distance between 2 adjacent implants and between the implant and tooth, and implant contact with anatomical structures. Descriptive data analysis and the Pearson chi-square test (P<0.05) were performed to compare findings according to mouth regions. Results: Most (74.4%) of the 590 implants were poorly positioned, with the posterior region of the maxilla being the region most frequently affected by errors. Among the variables analyzed, the most prevalent was thread exposure (54.7%), followed by implant contact with anatomical structures, violation of the recommended distance between 2 implants and violation of the recommended distance between the implant and teeth. Thread exposure was significantly associated with the anterior region of the mandible (P<0.05). The anterior region of the maxilla was associated with violation of the recommended tooth-implant distance (P<0.05) and the recommended distance between 2 adjacent implants (P<0.05). Implant contact with anatomical structures was significantly more likely to occur in the posterior region of the maxilla (P<0.05). Conclusion: Many implants were poorly positioned in the posterior region of the maxilla. Thread exposure was particularly frequent and was significantly associated with the anterior region of the mandible.

Jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) Peel Supplementation Prevents Hepatic Steatosis Through Hypolipidemic Effects and Cholesterol Metabolism Modulation in Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Rat Model

Nara Nunes Lage,Mayara Medeiros de Freitas Carvalho,Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra,Juliana Márcia Macedo Lopes,Renata Rebeca Pereira,Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo,Vinícius Marques Arruda,Mariana de Fát 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.9

Jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora), a Brazilian fruit, is a good source of dietary fiber and phenolic compounds, which are concentrated mainly in the peel. These compounds have been considered promising in prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hepatic steatosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of 4% jaboticaba peel powder (JPP) supplementation on cholesterol metabolism and hepatic steatosis in livers of rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet. The rats were fed a standard AIN-93M (control) diet or an HF diet containing 32% lard and 1% cholesterol, both with and without 4% JPP. The M. cauliflora peel composition revealed a low-lipid high-fiber content and phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds in JPP, tentatively identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis, were confirmed to contain phenolic acids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. Moreover, JPP presented significant antioxidant activity in vitro and was not cytotoxic to HepG2 cells, as determined by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. After 6 weeks of treatment, our results showed that JPP supplementation increased lipid excretion in feces, reduced serum levels of total cholesterol and nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol, decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, and attenuated hepatic steatosis severity in rats fed the HF diet. Furthermore, JPP treatment downregulated expression of ACAT-1, LXR-α, CYP7A1, and ABCG5 genes. Therefore, jaboticaba peel may represent a viable dietary strategy to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as the JPP treatment alleviated hepatic steatosis through improvement of serum lipid profiles and modulation of mRNA expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism.

Influence of autoclave sterilization procedures on the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated nickel-titanium instruments: a systematic review

Silva, Emmanuel Joao Nogueira Leal,Zanon, Mayara,Hecksher, Fernanda,Belladonna, Felipe Goncalves,de Vasconcelos, Rafaela Andrade,da Silva Fidalgo, Tatiana Kelly The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2020 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.45 No.2

Objectives: This systematic review evaluated the influence of autoclave sterilization procedures on the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments. Materials and Methods: A systematic search without restrictions was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Open Grey. The hand search was also performed in the main endodontic journals. The eligible studies were submitted to the methodological assessment and data extraction. Results: From 203 abstracts, a total of 10 articles matched the eligible criteria. After reading the full articles, 2 were excluded because of the absence of the heat-treated instruments in the experimental design and 3 due to the lack of a control group using heat-treated instruments without autoclave sterilization. From the 5 included studies, 1 presented a low risk of bias, 3 presented moderate and 1 high risk. It was observed heterogeneous findings in the included studies, with autoclave sterilization cycles increasing, decreasing or not affecting the cyclic fatigue life of heat-treated NiTi instruments. However, the retrieved studies evaluating the cyclic fatigue resistance of endodontic instruments presented different protocols and assessing outcomes, this variability makes the findings less comparable within and also between groups and preclude the establishment of an unbiased scientific evidence base. Conclusions: Considering the little scientific evidence and considerable risk of bias, it is still possible to conclude that autoclave sterilization procedures appear to influence the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated NiTi instruments.

Efficient ex vitro rooting, acclimatization, and cultivation of  Curcuma longa L. from mycorrhizal fungi

Meire Pereira de Souza Ferrari,Rayane Monique Sete da Cruz,Mayara dos Santos Queiroz,Matheus Marquezine de Andrade,Odair Alberton,Hélida Mara Magalhães 한국작물학회 2020 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.23 No.5

Acclimatization is the most delicate stage of micropropagation, which makes it challenging to obtain new seedlings. The use of suitable substrates associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs) has been promising during this stage. The goal of this study was to investigate the infl uence of diff erent AMFs and substrates on the acclimatization of Curcuma longa L. The C. longa seedlings were obtained from in vitro cultivation with a specifi c medium for 120 days. After this period, they were transplanted into plastic pots containing two substrate formulations. The fi rst compound was soil and vermiculite (1:1 v/v), and the second was a commercial substrate for vegetables, containing vermicompost and vermiculite (1:1:1 v/v). The fungi used in the study were Rhizophagus clarus, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and a mixture of the two fungi. A treatment with no fungi was used as the control. After 240 days, the growth and structural characteristics of the plant were measured, as well as nutrients and soil–quality parameters. The use of a substrate rich in organic matter (substrate 2) associated with R. clarus and C. etunicatum promoted 100% survival of C. longa plants. In this condition, the plants were more vigorous. The root system increased in size and biomass, being robust with the presence of many roots. The soil indicators revealed that the fungi helped with the lower activity of the metabolic quotient and increased basal respiration, indicators that demonstrated the benefi cial action of the fungi for the plants. In addition, changes in stomatal conformation and density probably allowed greater CO 2 diff usion.