Keys to Attracting Private Capital for Railway Development

Martha Lawrence 한국철도학회 2016 철도저널 Vol.19 No.4

Building a Strong and Equal Partnership between Childcare and Early Childhood Education in Canada

Martha Friendly 육아정책연구소 2008 International Journal of Child Care and Education Vol.2 No.1

Split early childhood education and childcare systems (ECEC) have historically been a common phenomenon, but today many countries are moving towards more coherent approaches to ECEC. Canada, however, has continued to maintain a divided ECEC situation. Reviewing Canada’s ECEC in 2004, the OECD suggested that greater integration of kindergarten and childcare would bring real advantages. In 2007, Ontario, Canada’s largest province, began to develop integrated “full-day early learning” for all four and five year olds. In the initial phase, several key challenges have emerged: first, merging the public kindergarten system with market-driven childcare; second, financing the new program; third, maintaining stability in user-pay childcare as four and five year olds move to the new program; fourth, determining staffing models, bridging differences between kindergarten and childcare staff; and fifth, managing the phase-in. How Ontario meets these challenges will have major implications for the future of ECEC programs across Canada.

Visualizations of Relational Capital for Shared Vision

Martha G. Russell,Kaisa Still,Jukka Huhtamäki,4) Neil Rubens 세계과학도시연합 2016 World Technopolis Review Vol.5 No.1

In today’s digital non-linear global business environment, innovation initiatives are influenced by inter-organizational, political, economic, environmental, technological systems, as well as by decisions made individually by key actors in these systems. Network-based structures emerge from social linkages and collaborations among various actors, creating innovation ecosystems, complex adaptive systems in which entities co-create value. A shared vision of value co-creation allows people operating individually to arrive together at the same future. Yet, relationships are difficult to see, continually changing and challenging to manage. The Innovation Ecosystem Transformation Framework construct includes three core components to make innovation relationships visible and articulate networks of relational capital for the wellbeing, sustainability and business success of innovation ecosystems: data-driven visualizations, storytelling and shared vision. Access to data facilitates building evidence-based visualizations using relational data. This has dramatically altered the way leaders can use data-driven analysis to develop insights and provide ongoing feedback needed to orchestrate relational capital and build shared vision for high quality decisions about innovation. Enabled by a shared vision, relational capital can guide decisions that catalyze, support and sustain an ecosystemic milieu conducive to innovation for business growth.

Proteomic response of Saccharomyces boulardii to simulated gastrointestinal conditions and encapsulation

Martha Beatriz Morales-Amparano,Gabriela Ramos-Clamont Montfort,Itzamna´ Baqueiro-Pen˜a,Marı´a del Refugio Robles-Burguen˜o,Luz Va´zquez-Moreno,Jose´ A ´ ngel Huerta-Ocampo 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.3

Probiotics are live microorganisms conferringhealth benefits when administered in adequate amounts. However, the passage through the gastrointestinal tractrepresents a challenge due to pH variations, proteases, andbile salts. This study aimed to evaluate the proteomicresponse of Saccharomyces boulardii to simulated gastrointestinaldigestion and the influence of encapsulation onyeast viability. Different pH values and time periods simulatingthe passage through different sections of the gastrointestinaltract were applied to unencapsulated andencapsulated yeasts. Encapsulation in 0.5% calcium alginatedid not improve yeast survival or induce changes inprotein patterns whereas protein extracts from control anddigested yeasts showed remarkable differences when separatedby SDS-PAGE. Protein bands were analyzed bytandem mass spectrometry. Protein identification revealedunique proteins that changed acutely in abundance aftersimulated digestion. Carbohydrate metabolism, proteinprocessing, and oxide-reduction were the biological processesmost affected by simulated gastrointestinal digestionin S. boulardii.

Effect of Soluble Fiber on the Physicochemical Properties of Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus indica) Encapsulated Using Spray Drying

Martha Graciela Ruiz-Gutiérrez,Carlos Abel Amaya-Guerra,Armando Quintero-Ramos,Teresita de Jesús Ruiz-Anchondo,Janeth Alejandra Gutiérrez-Uribe,Juan Gabriel Baez-González,Daniel Lardizabal-Gutiérrez,K 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

The effects of red cactus pear encapsulationusing spray drying with soluble fiber were evaluated. Cactus pear juice was mixed with 15, 22.5, or 30% solublefiber and dried at 160, 180, or 200ºC. Juice showed highlevels of polyphenols, quercetin, kaempferol, isoharmetin,betacyanins, betaxanthins, and a high antioxidant activity. Increased soluble fiber amounts significantly (p<0.05)increased the pH, aw, water solubility index (WSI), L*, andb* values. Levels of polyphenols and betacyanins decreasedsignificantly (p<0.05) as the soluble fiber content and thedrying temperature increased, respectively. Encapsulationat 160ºC and 22.5% of soluble fiber yielded good physicalproperties and high bioactive compounds. Microscopicanalysis showed spherically shaped capsules, the shapewas affected by the concentration of added soluble fiber. Low soluble fiber concentrations were associated withmore collapsed capsules. Soluble fiber for encapsulatingcactus pear resulted in a powder with good properties thatcan be used as a food ingredient.

Repellent efficacy of wood vinegar against Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes togoi (Diptera: Culicidae) under laboratory and semi-field conditions

Martha W. KIARIE-MAKARA,윤해순,이동규 한국곤충학회 2010 Entomological Research Vol.40 No.2

The repellent efficacy of wood vinegar was assessed against mosquitoes under laboratory conditions at 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80% concentrations. The study evaluated whether wood vinegar is able to repel Culex pipiens pallens Coquillet and Aedes togoi (Theobald) from the human body and if so at what concentrations. The tests were conducted using the arm-in-cage method in 80 × 40 × 40 cm screened mosquito cages. The data were analyzed and compared with those of N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) at 10.3% concentration. The results showed that wood vinegar provided mosquito repellence of varying degree depending on the concentration used. The observed repellence averaged from as low as 39.6% at 5.0% concentration to as high as 100% at 80% concentration against Ae. togoi. Repellence against Cx. pipiens pallens was high being 90.3% at 20% concentration, 92.2% at 40% concentration, 93.9% at 60% concentration and 100% at 80% concentration. The duration of protection time tests showed that the 40% and 60% concentrations of the wood vinegar give protection from landing of Ae. togoi for a period of up to 7 h, though the lower concentration gave lower protection after the first five hours. The results indicated that wood vinegar has mosquito repellent characteristics that tend to vary with the concentration used and the species of mosquitoes. Wood vinegar in this case was very effective in repelling Cx. pipiens pallens, even at lower concentrations while higher concentrations were required to repel Ae. togoi.

빨간집모기(Culex pipiens pallens)와 토고숲 모기(Ochlerotatus)에 대한 참나무 목초액의 실내 기피효과

Martha W. KIARIE-MAKARA,윤해순,이동규 고신대학교 고신보건과학연구소 2009 보건과학연구소보 Vol.19 No.-

The repellent efficacy of Mokchomaul® wood vinegar from oak tree was assessed against mosquitoes under laboratory conditions at 1, 10, 20, 40 and 60% concentrations. The study evaluated if wood vinegar can repel Culex pipiens pallens Coquillet and Ochlerotatus togoi (Theobald) from the human body and if so at what concentrations. The tests were conducted using the arm-in-cage method in 80×40×40 cm screened mosquito cages. The data were analysed and compared with those of deet at 10.3%concentration. The results showed that wood vinegar displayed mosquito repellence of varying degree depending on the concentration used. The observed mean repellence averaged from as low as 46.9% at 10.0% concentration to as high as 80.l % at 60% concentration against Oc. togoi. Repellence against Cx. pipiens pallens ranged from 57.4% at 1 % to 92.5% at 60% concentration. The results indicated that Mokchomaul® wood vinegar has mosquito repellent characteristics that tend to vary with the concentration used and the species of mosquitoes. Wood vinegar in this case was very effective in repelling Cx. pipiens pallens, even at lower concentrations while higher concentration where required to repel Oc. togoi.

INTERACTION OF SURFACE WATER WAVES WITH SMALL BOTTOM UNDULATION ON A SEA-BED

Martha, S.C.,Bora, S.N.,Chakrabarti, A. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2009 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.27 No.5

The problem of interaction of surface water waves by small undulation at the bottom of a laterally unbounded sea is treated on the basis of linear water wave theory for both normal and oblique incidences. Perturbation analysis is employed to obtain the first order corrections to the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function c(x) representing the bottom undulation. Fourier transform method and residue theorem are applied to obtain these coefficients. As an example, a patch of sinusoidal ripples is considered in both the cases as the shape function. The principal conclusion is that the reflection coefficient is oscillatory in the ratio of twice the surface wave number to the wave number of the ripples. In particular, there is a Bragg resonance between the surface waves and the ripples, which is associated with high reflection of incident wave energy. The theoretical observations are validated computationally.

Usefulness of a Classroom Observation Measure of Social and Mastery SKills in a Small Longitudinal Evaluation of a Preschool Intervention Program

Martha B . Bronson 한국유아교육학회 1996 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.1 No.1

This study shows the usefulness of a classroom observation measure of social and mastery behaviors in a small longitudinal study. A collaborative day care and public school intervention program for children in public housing was evaluated with the Bronson Social and Task Skill Profile. The intervention group and comparison children from the same classrooms, were observed four times over a two year period in their prekindergarten and kindergarten years. Comparison children came from the same neighborhood, but were economically more advantaged had few minority group members. The results demonstrate a progressive $quot;catch-up$quot; effect in most observed behavior categories for the intervention group in relation to the comparison sample. Very poor performance in a few children, eligible for the intervention but not served, underlines the effectiveness of the intervention. Observational assessment of both social and mastery variables provided valuable information on areas of skill and weakness in the samples.

Comparison of response surface methods for the optimization of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater

Martha Noro Chollom,Sudesh Rathilal,Feroz Mohammed Swalaha,Babatunde Femi Bakare,Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.1

This study was aimed at using the Central Composite Design (CCD) and Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to compare the efficiency and to elucidate the main interacting parameters in the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, namely: Organic Loading Rate (OLR), Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT) and pH at a constant temperature of 35°C. Optimum HRT (15 h), OLR (3.5 kg.m<SUP>-3</SUP>.d<SUP>-1</SUP>) and pH (7) resulted in biogas production of 5,800 mL/d and COD removal of 80.8%. BBD produced a higher desirability efficiency of 94% as compared to the CCD which was 92%. The regression quadratic models developed with high R² values of 0.961 and 0.978 for both CCD and BBD, respectively, demonstrated that the interaction models could be used to pilot the design space. BBD model developed was more reliable with a higher prediction of biogas production (5,955.4 ± 225.3 mL/d) and COD removal (81.5 ± 1.014%), much close to the experimental results at a 95% confidence level. CCD model predictions was greater in terms of COD removal (82.6 ± 1.06% > 80.8%) and biogas production (4,636.31 mL/d ± 439.81 < 5,800 mL/d) which was less than the experimental results. Therefore, RSM can be adapted for optimizing various wastewater treatment processes.