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영화 < 미드소마(Midsommar, 2019) >에 나타난 희생제의와 에로티즘 : 조르주 바타유(Georges Bataille)의 ‘연속성’ 개념과 내적 변화를 중심으로
고마리 ( Koh¸ Marie ) 한국종교학연구회 2021 宗敎學硏究 Vol.39 No.-
Midsommar, a folk horror film written and directed by Ari Aster, portrays the gruesome deaths taking place at the Swedish Midsummer festival. However, these deaths are allowed and encouraged in this festival because they are part of the public ceremony in observing the “life cycle” that the Hårga community believes. This form of ritual is a turning point to the community for the next cycle. Midsommar displays a form of sacrificial ritual as the villagers plot the killing of outside guests for the community’s ritual practice. The purpose of this sacrificial ritual is to offer a life by turning death into life. This paradox between life and death can be explained by Georges Bataille’s Erotism, which deeply delves into the concept of Eros. Bataille defined the foundation of the existence as “continuity” and introduced Erotism as a process of transforming into new continuity. Through this process, death no longer leads to discontinuity. Bataille claimed that sexual behavior and religious offering resemble each other based on the principle of Erotism. I analyze Midsommar by focusing on how deaths become acceptable in the exchange of a new life that the Erotism refers to. Such analysis is an approach of religious studies, viewing the deaths taking place at Midsommar as sacrificial ritual. Deaths at Midsommar, which involve Taboo, violation, and the internal change, will be evaluated by the notion of Erotism. In particular, the characteristic of the sacrificial ritual that is tied directly to a community’s survival will be examined and applied to the fundamental function of this festival. The next step will be to analyze how religious Erotism leads to self-affirmation at an individual level through Dani, who is the main character of this movie.
A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE METHODOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF DATA COLLECTIONS VIA SMARTPHONES
Marie Schulte 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
Based on qualitative interviews with mobile market research experts, a comprehensive framework for assessing the methodological potential of data collections via smartphones is developed. The findings serve as a basis for the development of new approaches to collect data via smartphones.
Marie-C?cile Cervellon,Yil A.M. Schiele 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
The objective of this paper is to understand consumers’ responses (attitude, perception of quality and luxury) to production delocalization in the luxury industry, based on brand origin matching consumers’ origin or not, in order to understand the interaction brand origin and consumer ethnocentrism on those responses.Two experiments were conducted. Study 1 exposes 166 respondents (French, Italian and other European) to a message of delocalization of either a French or Italian brand supposed to delocalize production to China. Study 2 assesses, among 62 French women, the implicit preference toward French luxury brands (through the Implicit Association Test, Greenwald et al. 1998) and the level of consumer ethnocentrism (through CETSCALE, Sharma et al. 1995). Then, the group is exposed between subjects to 2 delocalization messages X 2 country of delocalization (China, Poland EU) Although brand origin is not salient when consumers evaluate brands (no explicit preference for French brands over Italian brands across studies), it is nonetheless present below awareness, as part of the brand heritage and the brand identity (measured through an implicit preference for French brands over Italian brands among our French respondents). It manifests in context of brands delocalizing out of the home country. Across studies, the attitude toward the brand, the perception of quality and perception of luxury is affected negatively post-exposure to a message of delocalization. Yet, this result is moderated by consumer ethnocentrism and message framing. When the message induces positive consequences for the brand and for the national economy, French respondents (and Italian respondents in study 1) are less affected by the delocalization of their home brands than other respondents. In turn, when the message highlights a loss in national employment, respondents judge the brand more negatively. The effect is stronger for respondents higher in ethnocentrism. The country of delocalization does not influence those results. There is scarcity of papers investigating the CoO effect for luxury brands, although the luxury business model and luxury brand identity are rooted into brand origin. This paper is the first to our knowledge to investigate the effect of brand origin and consumer ethnocentrism on brand delocalization.
Marie Carlson,Bengt Jacobsson 서강대학교 동아연구소 2016 TRaNS(Trans –Regional and –National Studies of Sou Vol.4 No.1
This contribution is about a female transnational student from Turkey, Hafize, studying for four years at an Islamic Malaysian university. She was interviewed during the research project “Transnational Student Mobility in Higher Education in Asia”, a multi-sited ethnographic project containing six sub-studies aiming to illuminate student voices and the impact of cultural processes on student-inhabited transnational spaces, identity negotiations, and networks. Through a bottom-up perspective, and with life story as the principal method, the project illustrates processes of social change and relations between the individual and society. Questions are posed about, inter alia, the motivations and reasons that may be identified in the educational stories. Hafize’s narrative is discussed as a relational and contextual story, in which family relations and the significance of education, gender, ethnicity, religion, and socio-economic and political situations intersect. Education is given different meanings: instrumental and reflexive as well as emotional aspects. Turning points and the concept of capital, especially social and emotional capital, are addressed. Hafize’s family of eight siblings is deeply involved in serial reciprocity, a tightly bonded network supporting all the children in their efforts to study. Hafize’s story is substantially gendered and ‘ethnified’– areflexive emotional identity project, in which education and religion are given high priority. In Turkey secularist legislation was an obstacle. The studies abroad provided possibilities for selfdevelopment but tempered with some limitations.
Marie-Hélène Pastoret,Gabriel Krastl,Julia Bühler,Roland Weiger,Nicola Ursula Zitzmann 대한치과보철학회 2017 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.9 No.4
PURPOSE. To compare the dimensional accuracy of three impression techniques- a separating foil impression, a custom tray impression, and a stock tray impression. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A machined mandibular complete-arch metal model with special modifications served as a master cast. Three different impression techniques (n = 6 in each group) were performed with addition-cured silicon materials: i) putty-wash technique with a prefabricated metal tray (MET) using putty and regular body, ii) single-phase impression with custom tray (CUS) using regular body material, and iii) two-stage technique with stock metal tray (SEP) using putty with a separating foil and regular body material. All impressions were poured with epoxy resin. Six different distances (four intra-abutment and two inter-abutment distances) were gauged on the metal master model and on the casts with a microscope in combination with calibrated measuring software. The differences of the evaluated distances between the reference and the three test groups were calculated and expressed as mean (± SD). Additionally, the 95% confidence intervals were calculated and significant differences between the experimental groups were assumed when confidence intervals did not overlap. RESULTS. Dimensional changes compared to reference values varied between -74.01 and 32.57 탆 (MET), -78.86 and 30.84 (CUS), and between -92.20 and 30.98 (SEP). For the intra-abutment distances, no significant differences among the experimental groups were detected. CUS showed a significantly higher dimensional accuracy for the inter-abutment distances with -0.02 and –0.08 percentage deviation compared to MET and SEP. CONCLUSION. The separation foil technique is a simple alternative to the custom tray technique for single tooth restorations, while limitations may exist for extended restorations with multiple abutment teeth