A Hybrid Approach on Matrix Multiplication : KISS Korea Computer Congress 2006

Maribel Tolentino(마리벨),Myungkyu Kim(김명규),Soo-Hoan Chae(채수환) 한국정보과학회 2006 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.1

Matrix multiplication is an important problem in linear algebra, its main significance for combinatorial algorithms is its equivalence to a variety of other problems, such as transitive closure and reduction, solving linear systems, and matrix inversion. Thus the development of high-performance matrix multiplication implies faster algorithms for all of these problems. In this paper, we present a quantitative comparison of the theoretical and empirical performance of key matrix multiplication algorithms and use our analysis to develop a faster algorithm. We propose a Hybrid approach on Winograd’s and Strassen’s algorithms that improves the performance and discuss the performance of the hybrid Winograd-Strassen algorithm. Since Strassen’s algorithm is based on a 2 × 2 matrix multiplication it makes the implementation very slow for larger matrix because of its recursive nature. Though we cannot get the theoretical threshold value of Strassen’s algorithm, so we determine the threshold to optimize the use of Strassen’s algorithm in nodes through various experiments and provided a summary shown in a table and graphs.

Korean English Learners’Use of Lexical Bundles in Speaking

Maribel N. Zipagan,Kyoung Rang Lee 아시아영어교육학회 2018 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.15 No.2

This study explored the role of lexical bundles in the language development of L2 learners; the frequency, structural forms (patterns), and functions of formulaic utterances used by Korean English learners in a controlled environment across different proficiency levels were examined. Conscientious procedures were taken to identify and analyze lexical bundles of L2 learners’ spoken data, since few studies have examined these, while some have compared written data. The oral response of 58 Korean English learners were transcribed and compared across three levels (novice, intermediate, and advanced). This study seemed to confirm the findings of previous studies, in that there could be an upward trend in language development as proficiency increases. It is worth noting the participants used lexical bundles in a limited manner similarly across the three proficiency levels, which was less frequent and less diverse in terms of structural and functional patterns when they had to produce oral data rather than written data. The results can be of significant help for learners to improve their English speaking, and for teachers to diagnose their students’ speaking proficiency effectively, and should thus be integrated in English teaching curricula. The details of the results and implications are provided.

Agave tequilana Counteracts Chronic Hypertension and Associated Vascular Damage

Maribel Herrera-Ruiz,Zu´lima Jannette Gutie´rrez-Nava,Celeste Trejo-Moreno,Alejandro Zamilpa,Manase´s Gonza´lez-Cortazar,Antonio Ruperto Jime´nez-Aparicio,Enrique Jime´nez-Ferrer 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.4

Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a health problem of great importance worldwide, and endothelial dysfunction underlies SAH development. This condition's main characteristics include vasoconstriction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and procoagulant and proliferative states. This study's objective was to evaluate the antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of the whole extract and fractions of Agave tequilana in a murine model of SAH. SAH was induced in male ICR or CD-1 (Strain obtained from animals from Charles River Laboratories, Massachusetts) mice by intraperitoneal administration of angiotensin II (AGII) (0.1 μg/kg) for 4 weeks, and then A. tequilana treatments were co-administered with AGII. At the end of the experiment, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured and the kidneys were dissected to quantify interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-10, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The whole extract and the fractions of A. tequilana were chemically characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicate that the whole extract (At-W) and At-AcOEt fraction treatment are the most efficient in lowering blood pressure, although all the treatments had an immunomodulatory effect on the cytokines evaluated and an antioxidant effect on lipid peroxidation. Finally, the chromatographic profile shows that the integral extract and fractions of A. tequilana contained phytol (M)3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid; hentriacontane; 9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol,(3b); t-sitosterol; and stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one.

DBTT Estimation of Ferritic Low Alloy Steels in Service Plant by Means of Maximum Load Prediction in Plane-Strain Ductile Fracture ( KOREA )

Takashi Matsushita,Maribel L. Saucedo,Y. H. Joo,Tetsuo Shoji 대한기계학회 1990 KSME/JSME Joint Conference Fracture and Strength Vol.1 No.1

Slide Session : OS-CAD-01 ; Cardiology : Clinical Profi le, Outcomes, and Mortality Predictors of Patients with Venous Thromboembolism at Philippine Heart Center

( Garol Franz Albert Go ),( Maribel Tanque ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: VTE incorporates 2 distinct but interrelated disease conditions, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Prompt recognition of the disease is equally important in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to this condition. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 408 PHC patients with VTE from 2000 to 2013. This study aims to present the clinical profiles, outcomes and mortality/ survival predictors. Results: There was female predominance with mean age of 55 years old. Immobility and HF were the most common risk factors. HPN, DM and CAD were the most common comorbidities. Dyspnea, extremity swelling and pain were the most common complaints during initial presentation. The lower extremities were most commonly involved in DVT. Most common findings on workup include cardiomegaly (CXR), abnormal D-dimer, DVT (VDS), intermediate probability for PE (VQ Scan), PE (CTscan), pulmonary hypertension and RV enlargement (2DED), hypoxemia (ABG), and sinus rhythm (ECG). A diagnosis of PE was made in 93%, DVT in 84%, and post-thrombotic syndrome in 8%. Anti-coagulation with heparin and warfarin was the most common treatment given. For the outcomes, 78% were discharged improved, 32% suffered in-hospital mortality or death, 7% had bleeding and 13% had thromboembolic events. Conclusions: The clinical profi les and outcomes of these VTE patients were similar with existing international data. There were significant correlation with survival among females, pay category, previous DVT/PE, recent surgery, malignancy, PAD, hypercoagulability, extremity swelling, extremity pain, extremity erythema, alert level of consciousness, regular auscultatory and electrocardiographic rhythm, low probability PE on perfusion scan, and heparin anticoagulation. There was significant association with mortality among patients with edema, DVT on venous duplex scan, metabolic acidosis on arterial blood gas, and use of IVC filter & mechanical ventilation.

일사 저하에 대한 벼의 형태적 특성 및 광합성 반응 변화

양운호,Shaobing Peng,Maribel L,Dionisio-Sese 한국작물학회 2007 Korean journal of crop science Vol.52 No.1

일사 저하에 따른 벼의 형태적 변화와 광합성 특성 변화를 평가하기 위하여, 필리핀 소재 국제미작연구소(IRRI)에서 3품종을 이용하여 분얼기, 생식생장기, 등숙기에 약 40% 차광 처리하고 자연광 처리를 두어 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 차광 조건에서 벼는 단위 엽면적 및 엽록소계(SPAD) 측정값 증가, 엽신으로의 건물중 분배비율 증가 등 일조 부족에 대한 적응 형태를 나타내었으나, 분얼이 지연되고 건물 생산량이 감소하는 특징을 보였다. 2. 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼는 자연광 조건에서 생육한 벼에 비하여 탄소동화속도가 늦었으나 조직 내 이산화탄소의 농도는 높게 유지되어, 차광 내 벼의 광합성이 낮았던 것은 광합성 기질인 이산화탄소의 제한이 아니고 photosystem의 전자전달 활성의 약화에 기인된 것으로 판단되었다. 3. 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼를 자연광에 1일간 노출시켜 순화한 후 측정한 최대 광합성과 photosynthetic photon flux density에 대한 광합성 반응은 자연광에서 생육한 벼의 광합성 반응과 차이를 보이지 않아, 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼는 자연광에서 생육한 벼 수준의 잠재 광합성 능력을 유지하고 있었으며, 차광에서의 광합성 저하는 단순하게 일사량 저하에 의한 현상이었다. 4. 분얼기간 동안 차광 조건에서 생육하고 유수형성기 이후 자연광에 노출되어 생육한 벼는 자연광 조건에서 생육한 벼에 비하여 유수형성기부터 출수기까지의 SPAD 값의 증가 정도가 적으며, 엽신 질소 함량의 감소 정도가 크고, 2,000umolm2s1 이상으로 강한 광 조건에서는 광합성이 감소하는 경향을 보여, 일조 부족에 적응한 벼는 photoinhibition 정도가 큰 것으로 생각된다. 5. 벼 수량은 자연광 처리에 비하여 유수형성기~ 출수기 차광에서는 수당영화수와 포트당 영화수의 감소에 의하여, 출수기~ 성숙기 차광에서는 등숙비율의 저하에 의하여 감소하였다. Light is an environmental component inevitably regulating photosynthesis and photo-morphogenesis, which are involved in the plant growth and development. Studies were conducted at the International Rice Research Institute, Philippines in 2004 and 2005, with aims to investigate 1) morphological responses of rice plants to low radiation, 2) morphological alteration of shade-grown plants when exposed to high light intensity, and 3) photosynthetic responses of shade-grown rice plants. Reduction in solar radiation by 40% induced increases in the area on a single leaf basis, biomass partitioning to leaves, and chlorophyll meter readings but brought about retardation of tiller development and decrease in above-ground biomass production of rice varieties. When the shade-grown plants from two weeks of transplanting to panicle initiation were exposed to full solar radiation after panicle initiation, they demonstrated less increase in chlorophyll meter readings and more decrease in leaf nitrogen concentrations from panicle initiation to flowering than control plants that were grown under the ambient solar radiation for whole growth period after transplanting. Shade-grown rice plants exhibited lower carbon assimilation rates but higher internal CO2 concentrations on a single leaf basis than control plants, when measurements for shade-grown rice plants were made under the shading treatments. But when the measurements for shade-grown plants were made under the full solar radiation, light-saturated carbon assimilation rates were similar to control plants. Response of photosynthetic rates to varying light intensities was not considerably different between shading treatments and control. Yield reduction was observed in the shading treatments from panicle initiation to flowering and from flowering to physiological maturity, mainly by less spikelets per panicle and poor grain filling, respectively.

Eryngium carlinae Ethanol Extract Corrects Lipid Abnormalities in Wistar Rats with Experimental Diabetes

Ruth Noriega-Cisneros,Donovan J. Pena-Montes,Maribel Huerta-Cervantes,Rafael Torres-Martınez,Miguel Huerta,Salvador Manzo-Avalos,Rafael Salgado-Garciglia,Alfredo Saavedra-Molina 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.8

Abnormalities in lipid metabolism, associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), frequently occur in people with diabetes. Eryngium carlinae is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat lipid abnormalities. The chemical composition and hypolipidemic activity of the ethanolic extract of E. carlinae were analyzed to broaden our knowledge of its mechanism of action. The ethanolic extract of E. carlinae was tested for hypolipidemic activity by oral administration for 40 days. Atorvastatin, a widely used statin, was also administered to compare its effect with that of the extract. Serum was used for analysis of the lipid profile and liver microsomes to assess 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-r) levels. The extract was able to reduce total cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (C-HDL) levels and increase the C-HDL levels reduced in diabetes, decreasing the atherogenic index and therefore the risk of suffering CVD at the same level as atorvastatin. The HMG-CoA reductase activity and LDL-r levels were not modified by the administration of E. carlinae. The results demonstrate the hypolipidemic potential of ethanol extract of E. carlinae and support its use in traditional medicine as a hypolipidemic agent.

Salvia hispanica L. Seed Oil: Effect on Cell Viability in Colon Cancer Line Caco2 and Breast Cancer Line MCF7

Armando Manuel Martı´n Ortega,Leydi Maribel Carrillo Cocom,Maira Rubi Segura Campos 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.5

Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, which does not have a fully effective medical treatment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lipidically characterized and hydrolyzed chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) oil on in vitro colon cancer (Caco2 cell line) and breast cancer cells (MCF7 cell line) cell viability. Cancer cells were treated with different hydrolyzed oil concentrations (12.5–400 μg/mL) for 48 h; then cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. All chia seed oil concentrations significantly reduced cell viability in the Caco2 line, with the best reduction being 23.88% with the 25 μg/mL concentration. However, in the breast cancer line the highest concentrations (200 and 400 μg/mL) increased the viability of malignant cells. Chia seed oil significantly reduces the viability of Caco2 cells, although at the higher concentrations it can increase the viability of breast cancer cells.

일사 저하에 대한 벼의 형태적 특성 및 광합성 반응 변화

Yang, Woon-Ho,Peng, Shaobing,Dionisio-Sese Maribel L. 한국작물학회 2007 한국작물학회지 Vol.52 No.1

일사 저하에 따른 벼의 형태적 변화와 광합성 특성 변화를 평가하기 위하여, 필리핀 소재 국제미작연구소(IRRI)에서 3품종을 이용하여 분얼기, 생식생장기, 등숙기에 약 40% 차광 처리하고 자연광 처리를 두어 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 차광 조건에서 벼는 단위 엽면적 및 엽록소계(SPAD) 측정값 증가, 엽신으로의 건물중 분배비율 증가 등 일조 부족에 대한 적응 형태를 나타내었으나, 분얼이 지연되고 건물 생산량이 감소하는 특징을 보였다. 2. 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼는 자연광 조건에서 생육한 벼에 비하여 탄소동화속도가 늦었으나 조직 내 이산화탄소의 농도는 높게 유지되어, 차광 내 벼의 광합성이 낮았던 것은 광합성 기질인 이산화탄소의 제한이 아니고 photosystem의 전자전달 활성의 약화에 기인된 것으로 판단되었다. 3. 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼를 자연광에 1일간 노출시켜 순화한 후 측정한 최대 광합성과 photosynthetic photon flux density에 대한 광합성 반응은 자연광에서 생육한 벼의 광합성 반응과 차이를 보이지 않아, 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼는 자연광에서 생육한 벼 수준의 잠재 광합성 능력을 유지하고 있었으며, 차광에서의 광합성 저하는 단순하게 일사량 저하에 의한 현상이었다. 4. 분얼기간 동안 차광 조건에서 생육하고 유수형성기 이후 자연광에 노출되어 생육한 벼는 자연광 조건에서 생육한 벼에 비하여 유수형성기부터 출수기까지의 SPAD 값의 증가 정도가 적으며, 엽신 질소 함량의 감소 정도가 크고, $2,000\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ 이상으로 강한 광 조건에서는 광합성이 감소하는 경향을 보여, 일조 부족에 적응한 벼는 photoinhibition 정도가 큰 것으로 생각된다. 5. 벼 수량은 자연광 처리에 비하여 유수형성기$\sim$출수기 차광에서는 수당영화수와 포트당 영화수의 감소에 의하여, 출수기$\sim$성숙기 차광에서는 등숙비율의 저하에 의하여 감소하였다. Light is an environmental component inevitably regulating photosynthesis and photo-morphogenesis, which are involved in the plant growth and development. Studies were conducted at the International Rice Research Institute, Philippines in 2004 and 2005, with aims to investigate 1) morphological responses of rice plants to low radiation, 2) morphological alteration of shade-grown plants when exposed to high light intensity, and 3) photosynthetic responses of shade-grown rice plants. Reduction in solar radiation by 40% induced increases in the area on a single leaf basis, biomass partitioning to leaves, and chlorophyll meter readings but brought about retardation of tiller development and decrease in above-ground biomass production of rice varieties. When the shade-grown plants from two weeks of transplanting to panicle initiation were exposed to full solar radiation after panicle initiation, they demonstrated less increase in chlorophyll meter readings and more decrease in leaf nitrogen concentrations from panicle initiation to flowering than control plants that were grown under the ambient solar radiation for whole growth period after transplanting. Shade-grown rice plants exhibited lower carbon assimilation rates but higher internal $CO_2$ concentrations on a single leaf basis than control plants, when measurements for shade-grown rice plants were made under the shading treatments. But when the measurements for shade-grown plants were made under the full solar radiation, light-saturated carbon assimilation rates were similar to control plants. Response of photosynthetic rates to varying light intensities was not considerably different between shading treatments and control. Yield reduction was observed in the shading treatments from panicle initiation to flowering and from flowering to physiological maturity, mainly by less spikelets per panicle and poor grain filling, respectively.

High Prevalence of blaCTX-M in Fecal Commensal Escherichia coli from Healthy Children

Alcedo Katherine,Ruiz Joaquim,Ochoa Theresa J.,Riveros Maribel 대한감염학회 2022 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.54 No.1

Background Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli can colonize the intestinal tract of healthy children, causing concern when antibiotic resistance is related to the presence of transferable mechanisms, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Materials and Methods Fecal samples from 41 healthy children from two villages of rural Peru were cultured on ceftriaxone-disks. ESBL production was confirmed with double disk synergy. In all ESBL-produced isolates, antibiotic susceptibility to 12 antibacterial agents was established by disk diffusion, while clonal relationships were determined by repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR). Presence of ST131 was determined using PCR. Results Ceftriaxone-resistant microorganisms were recovered from 39 samples belonging to 22 out of 41 children (53.7%). Of these, 80 ceftriaxone-resistant and two ceftriaxone-intermediate E. coli from inside ceftriaxone-halos were confirmed as ESBL-producers. All isolates were multidrug-resistant. In 79/80 (98.8%) ceftriaxone-resistant isolates, the presence of blaCTX-M was detected alone (58 isolates, or together with other β-lactamase (blaTEM, 17 isolates; blaOXA-1-like, 3 isolates; blaTEM + blaOXA-1-like, 1 isolate), while in one isolate no such ESBL was identified. The two ceftriaxone-intermediate isolates recovered from the same sample, carried a blaTEM and blaSHV respectively. Thirty-four different clones were identified, with 4 clones being recovered from different samples from the same child. Twelve clones were disseminated among different children, including 5 clones disseminated between both villages. Two clones, accounting for 3 isolates and both recovered from the same children, belonged to E. coli ST131. Conclusion This study demonstrates high prevalence of ESBL-carriers among healthy children living in a rural area of Peru, stressing the need for continuous surveillance and search for public health control measures.