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Optimization of Cellulose Extraction from Jute Fiber by Box-behnken Design
Lizandro Manzato,Mitsuo Lopes Takeno,Wanison André Gil Pessoa-Junior,Luis André Morais Mariuba,John Simonsen 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.2
Cellulose was isolated from plant material for the first time in 1839 by the French chemist Anselme Payen. In recent years, due to the need in reduce the world’s environmental problems, there has been an increase in studies related to the physical and chemical factors of cellulose. It is important to emphasize that experiments and studies with a cellulose occur individually, because of the variation in the amount of cellulose and the extraction method that differs from plant to plant. In the present study, we determined the optimal conditions for cellulose extraction of jute fiber, using the response surface method. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used statistically evaluate the ratio effects of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), temperature and extraction time in the process used. The analysis of the results showed a significant variable in the linear and quadratic terms of the temperature and also a significant level of interaction in the effect between the variables of temperature and time. Besides this, the BBD used for the analysis of the extraction yield, resulted in a polynomial regression of second order, in complete agreement with experimental results, with R2=0.9627 (p<0.05). The optimal condition was obtained in a ratio of 1.3 at 45 oC for 2 h. Under the best possible conditions, the obtained experimental value is in accordance with the value predicted by the model, thus indicating a model combination and success to optimize the extraction conditions of the jute fiber pulp in the response surface methodology.
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Gustavo G. Manzato,Theo A. Arentze,Harry J. P. Timmermans,Dick Ettema 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2010 도시과학국제저널 Vol.14 No.1
This paper addresses an exploratory study about the mediated influence of a set of location and accessibility attributes along with firm types and the effect on office firm closures. We use a proportional hazard modeling approach, examining the probability that an office firm will go out of business in any given year, conditional on the fact that it did not go out of business in the years prior. Variables include urbanization levels and regional effects; accessibility to airports, train stations, shopping centers and the roadway network; availability of parking facilities and schools; demographic and economic aspects; effects of agglomeration economies; rent price; and the type of economic activity of the office firm. Most of them presented significant information to assist in the explanation of the firm closure. Also, interaction effects between covariates and firm types brought a better understanding about the firm closure patterns in relation to urban characteristics. Assessing firm closures is an element of a firm demographic approach and overall dynamics. In turn, this is part of a multiagent system to simulate the co-evolution of firm dynamics and changes in activity-travel patterns.
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Waimer, Steffen,Manzato, Simone,Peeters, Bart,Wagner, Mark,Guillaume, Patrick Techno-Press 2018 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.5 No.2
During launch a spacecraft is subjected to a variety of dynamical loads transmitted through the launcher to spacecraft interface or air-born transmission excitations in the acoustic pressure field inside the fairing. As a result, spacecraft are tested on ground to ensure and demonstrate the global integrity of the structure against these loads, to screen the flight hardware for quality of workmanship and to validate mathematical models. This paper addresses the numerical modelling and simulation of the low frequency sine and random vibration tests performed on electrodynamic shaker facilities to comprise the mechanical-borne transmission loads through the launcher to spacecraft interface. Consequently, the paper reviews techniques and methodologies to derive a reliable and representative coupled virtual vibration testing simulation environment based on experimental data. These technologies are explored with the main objectives to ensure a stable, reliable and accurate control while testing. As a result, the use of the derived simulation models in combination with the added value of improved control and signal processing algorithms can lead to a safer and smoother vibration test control of the entire environmental test campaign.
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Endovascular treatment of residual or recurrent intracranial aneurysms after surgical clipping
da Silva Júnior Nilton Rocha,Trivelato Felipe Padovani,Nakiri Guilherme Seizem,Rezende Marco Túlio Salles,de Castro-Afonso Luís Henrique,Abud Thiago Giansante,Vanzin José Ricardo,Manzato Luciano Bambi 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2021 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.23 No.3
Objective Total aneurysm occlusion is crucial for the prevention of rebleeding of a ruptured aneurysm or to avoid rupture of an unruptured lesion. Both surgical and endovascular embolization fail to achieve complete aneurysm occlusion in all the cases. The objective of the study was to establish the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment for previously clipped residual or recurrent aneurysms. Methods This was an observational, retrospective study of patients harboring incompletely occluded intracranial aneurysms after clipping who underwent endovascular treatment. Patients were treated using 4 different techniques: (1) simple coiling, (2) balloon remodeling, (3) stent-assisted coiling, and (4) flow diversion. Analyses were performed to identify predictors of total aneurysm occlusion, recanalization and complications. Results Between May 2010 and September 2018, 70 patients harboring incompletely occluded intracranial aneurysms after clipping met the inclusion criteria in 5 centers. The mean residual aneurysm size was 7.5 mm. Fifty-nine aneurysms were unruptured. Total aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 75.3% of the aneurysms after 1 year. All aneurysms treated with flow diversion revealed complete occlusion according to control angiography. Recanalization was observed in 14.5%. Permanent morbidity and mortality occurred in 2.9% and 1.4% of the patients, respectively. Conclusions Endovascular treatment of recurrent or residual aneurysms after surgical clipping was safe and efficacious. Flow diversion seems to be associated with better anatomical results. A more rigid study, a larger group of patients, and long-term follow-up are required to provide stronger conclusions about the best approach for residual clipped aneurysms.
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