Care, Self-Interest, and Sacrifice

Manuel “Mandel” Cabrera 서울대학교 철학사상연구소 2017 철학사상 Vol.S No.-

In this paper, I attempt two major tasks. First, departing from a suggestion from Harry Frankfurt, I argue that there’s a form of caring such that when I come to care about x, x’s well-being becomes an aspect of my own; and acting for x’s sake comes to be a way of acting in my own self-interest. However, a prima facie roadblock to accepting this view is that it seems to make it difficult to make sense of the possibility of sacrificing for something I care about, and acting in a non-self-interested manner when I do so. To defend the view from this worry, I draw a distinction between brute and all-things-considered harms and benefits. Then, I argue that when the view is disambiguated with this distinction in mind, it can not only accommodate the above possibility, but has resources for making sense of what acting sacrificially consists in.

Listening to Boredom in Heidegger

( Manuel "mandel" Cabrera Jr. ) 연세대학교 인문학연구원 2020 人文科學 Vol.120 No.-

이 논문은 하이데거의 감정에 대한 초기 견해와 다자인(Dasein)에 대한 분석을 제공하는 Being and Time 프로젝트에서의 그것의 역할에 대한 소개 개요로 시작한다. 그리고 나서, 나는 그가 1929년-30년 세미나 '형이상학의 기본 개념들'에서 제시된 바와 같이, 그가 주장하는 세 가지 형태의 지루함에 대한 그의 장황한 현상학을 설명하기로 한다. 구체적으로, 나는 먼저 그가 주장하는 '시간을 때우다'의 활동이 처음 두 가지 형태의 구성이라고 주장하는 것은 지루함이 가장 일반적으로 자기 눈에 띄는 적응인 방식을 나타낸다고 주장한다. 둘째로, 나는 특히 지루함의 두 번째 형태는 '멍때리다'라는 익숙한 현상으로 가장 잘 이해할 수 있다고 주장한다. 마지막으로, 나는 (하이데거가 심오한 권태라고 부르는) 권태의 제3 형태는, 시간을 때우는 것으로 권태의 깨우쳐 주는 힘을 모호하게 만들지 않는 일종의 명상적 권태로 가장 잘 이해된다고 주장한다. 그리고 나는 우리에게 심오한 권태가 드러내는 것에 대한 하이데거의 주장을 해석하기 위한 교훈적인 지침으로서 명상의 모델을 제시한다. I begin with an introductory overviewof Heidegger's early views on emotion and its role in Being and Time's project of giving an analytic of Dasein. Then, I turn to explicating his lengthy phenomenology of the fundamental attunement (Grundstimmung) of boredom (Langeweile) in what he claims to be its three forms - namely, as presented in his 1929-30 seminar The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics. Specifically, I argue first that the activity of 'passing the time' (Zeitvertreib) he argues is constitutive of the first two forms represents a way in which boredom is most commonly a self-obscuring attunement. Second, I argue that the second form of boredom in particular can best be understood as the familiar phenomenon of 'zoning out'. Lastly, I argue that the third form of boredom, which Heidegger calls profound boredom (tiefe Langeweile), is best understood as a kind of meditative boredom, in which we no longer obscure boredom's revelatory power by passing the time. And, I offer the model of meditative practice as an instructive guide for interpreting Heidegger's claims about what profound boredomreveals to us.

Clinical Implications of ATS Guidelines for Treatment of Community Acquired Pneumonia

( Lionel A. Mandell ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2002 춘계학술대회 초록집 Vol.94 No.-

NETWORK PERFORMANCE: A COMPLEX INTERPLAY OF FORM AND ACTION

ROBYN KEAST,MYRNA P. MANDELL 한국행정학회 2013 International Review of Public Administration Vol.18 No.2

Networks form a key part of the institutional infrastructure of contemporary society and are likely to continue in this role for some time. Drawing on a set of cross-jurisdictional network case studies (Australia and the United States), this paper examines the influence of the type of network formed and the impact of network actors on the operational dynamics and performance of the network. The paper argues that the interplay of these factors will determine the degree to which a network will or will not be successful. The findings extend current network typologies by specifying a network identification level and highlight the intermediary role of agency in network performance. The paper concludes with the view that there is a continued need for holistic research approaches that uncover the often hidden interconnections between components and highlight the emergent phenomena that can arise from these intersections.

The Environment of the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817

Levan, A. J.,Lyman, J. D.,Tanvir, N. R.,Hjorth, J.,Mandel, I.,Stanway, E. R.,Steeghs, D.,Fruchter, A. S.,Troja, E.,Schrøder, S. L.,Wiersema, K.,Bruun, S. H.,Cano, Z.,Cenko, S. B.,Postigo, A. de Ugarte American Astronomical Society 2017 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.848 No.2

Performance and Impact of Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen-Based Diagnostics in the Management of Men with Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer and Its Role in Salvage Lymph Node Dissection

Marieke J. Krimphove,Lena H. Theissen,Alexander P. Cole,Felix Preisser,Philipp C. Mandel,Felix K.-H. Chun 대한남성과학회 2020 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.38 No.1

Up to 50% of patients initially treated for prostate cancer in a curative intent experience biochemical recurrence, possibly requiring adjuvant treatment. However, salvage treatment decisions, such as lymph node dissection or radiation therapy, are typically based on prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence. Importantly, common imaging modalities (e.g., computed tomography [CT], magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scan) are limited and the detection of recurrent disease is particularly challenging if PSA is low. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a novel and promising imaging modality which aims to overcome the incapability of early identification of distant and regional metastases. Within this review, we summarize the current evidence related to PSMA-PET/CT in prostate cancer men diagnosed with biochemical recurrence after local treatment with curative intent. We discuss detection rates of PSMA-PET/CT stratified by PSA-levels and its impact on clinical decision making. Furthermore, we compare different image-fusion techniques such as PSMA-PET vs. F-/C-Choline-PET scans vs. PSMA-single photon emission computed tomography/CT. Finally, we touch upon the contemporary role of radio-guided-PSMA salvage lymphadenectomy.

Predictive and Prognostic Significance of p27, Akt, PTEN and PI3K Expression in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer

Okutur, Kerem,Bassulu, Nuray,Dalar, Levent,Aydin, Kubra,Bozkurt, Mustafa,Pilanci, Kezban Nur,Dogusoy, Gulen Bulbul,Tecimer, Coskun,Mandel, Nil Molinas,Demir, Gokhan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.7

Background: The phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway is a key regulator for HER2-overexpressing breast cancer, but data about whether activation of PI3K/Akt is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to trastuzumab therapy is controversial. In this study we investigated predictive and prognostic significance of expression of p27, Akt, PTEN and PI3K, which are components of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC), retrospectively. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four HER2-positive MBC patients who had received first-line trastuzumab-based therapy were recruited for the study group. All of the patient's breast tissue samples were examined for p27 and Akt expression. In addition, twenty-five patients with sufficient amount of tumor tissue were also examined for PTEN and PI3K expression. p27, Akt, PTEN and PI3K were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and their relationship with patient demographic features, tumor characteristics, response to trastuzumab-based treatment and survival outcomes were analyzed. Results: p27, Akt, PTEN and PI3K were positive in 25.9%, 70.4%, 24% and 96% of the cases, respectively. Nomne were significantly associated with response to trastuzumab and time to progression (TTP). A trend toward statistical significance for longer overall survival (OS) was found for PTEN-positive patients (p=0.058); there was no significant relationship between the other immunohistochemical variables and OS. When we analyzed groups regarding co-expression, the PTEN-negative/Akt-negative group had a significantly lower objective response rate (ORR) (20% vs 80%, p=0.023) and the PTEN-negative/p27-negative and PTEN-negative/Akt-negative groups had significantly lower median OS compared to other patients (26.4 months vs 76.1 months, p=0.005 and 25.6 months vs 52.0 months, p=0.007, respectively). Conclusions: p27, Akt, PTEN and PI3K expression is not statistically significantly associated with ORR, TTP and OS, individually. However, the combined evaluation of p27, Akt and PTEN could be helpful to predict the response to trastuzumab-based therapy and prognosis in HER2-positive MBC.

Long-Term Treatment Results in Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Thoracic Wall Treated with Pre-or-Postoperative Radiotherapy - a Single Institution Experience

Oksuz, Didem Colpan,Ozdemir, Sevim,Kaydihan, Nuri,Dervisoglu, Sergulen,Hiz, Murat,Tuzun, Hasan,Mandel, Nil Molinas,Koca, Sedat,Dincbas, Fazilet Oner Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Objective: To evaluate the long term results among patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the thoracic wall. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six patients who were treated with pre-or postoperative radiotherapy between December 1980-December 2007, with a diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma of the thoracic wall were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The median age was 44 years (14-85 years) and 15 of them were male. A total of 50% of patients were grade 3. The most common histologic type of tumor was undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (26.9%). Tumor size varied between 2-25 cm (median 6.5 cm). Seventeen of the cases had marginal and 9 had wide local resection. Four cases received preoperative radiotherapy and 22 postoperative radiotherapy. Six of the patients with large and high grade tumors received chemotherapy. Median follow-up time was 82 months (9-309 months). Local recurrence and metastasis was detected in 34.6% and 42.3% of patients, respectively. Five-year local control (LC), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were 62%, 38%, 69%, and 76% respectively. On univariate analysis, the patients with positive surgical margins had a markedly lower 5-year LC rate than patients with negative surgical margin, but the difference was not significant (43% vs 78%, p=0.1). Five-year DFS (66% vs 17%) and DSS (92% vs 60%) rates were significantly worse for the patients who had high grade tumors (p=0.01, p=0.008 respectively). Conclusions: Tumor grade and surgical margin are essential parameters for determining the prognosis of thoracic wall soft tissue sarcoma both in our series and the literature.

Neoadjuvant Treatment with Preoperative Radiotherapy for Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Long-Term Results from a Single Institution in Turkey

Dincbas, Fazilet Oner,Oksuz, Didem Colpan,Yetmen, Ozlem,Hiz, Murat,Dervisoglu, Sergulen,Turna, Hande,Kantarci, Fatih,Mandel, Nil Molinas,Koca, Sedat Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Background: To assess the long term clinical outcome of preoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy followed by limb sparing surgery in patients with non-metastatic soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with locally advanced STS were retrospectively analyzed. The median tumor diameter was 12 cm. All patients were treated with preoperative radiotherapy delivered with two different fractionation schedules (35Gy/10fr or 46-50Gy/23-25fr). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was added to 44 patients with large and/or high grade tumors. Surgery was performed 2-6 weeks after radiotherapy. Chemotherapy was completed up to 6 courses after surgery in patients who had good responses. Results: Median follow-up time was 67 months (8-268 months). All of the patients had limb sparing surgery. The 5-year local control (LC), disease free (DFS) and overall survival (OSS) rates for all of the patients were 81%, 48.1% and 68.3% respectively. 5-year LC, DFS and cause specific survival (CSS) were 81.7%, 47%, 69.8%, and 80%, 60%, 60% in the chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy groups, respectively. On univariate analysis, patients who were treated with hypofractionation experienced significantly superior LC, DFS and CSS rates with similar rates of late toxicity when compared with patients who were treated with conventional fractionation and statistical significance was retained on multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Treatment results are consistent with the literature. As neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy provides effective LC and CSS with acceptable morbidity, it should be preferred for patients with large and borderline resectable STS.