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배추에서 Ribosomal DNAs 분포의 비교분자세포유전학적 분석
Franklin H. Mancia,김정선(Jung Sun Kim),황윤정(Yoon-Jung Hwang) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.3
Three Brassica species, namely, Brassica rapa, B. nigra, and B. oleracea are considered economically important as they are grownfor human consumption and biogas production. Like other crops facing agricultural constraints, selective crossing or hybridization in cruciferousvegetables has helped farmers to improve them. This study conducted a comparative evaluation across and within the species through cytogeneticanalysis to provide fresh insights into their chromosome structures and evolutionary relationships. A new karyomorphological parameter confirmedsymmetric karyotypes in all the accessions, thereby allowing for the depiction of the ancestral chromosome karyotype. Several lines of B. rapa, B. nigra, and B. oleracea were subjected to physical mapping using a fluorescence in situ hybridization technique to elucidate thechromosomal distribution of the two types of rDNAs. The signal number and distribution of 18S rDNA across the metaphase chromosomesof B. rapa accessions did not vary as compared to 5S rDNA, which was also observed in several lines of B. nigra. In contrast, the numberand distribution of 5S rDNA loci across the chromosomes in several lines of B. oleracea were found to be more conserved than those correspondingto the 18S rDNA. Overall, this study revealed the evolutionary dynamics of rDNA, which may play an important role in shaping the chromosomekaryotypes of Brassica species.
Triple color FISH karyotypes in two onion cultivars
Franklin Henosa Mancia,Seong-Han Sohn,Yul Kyun Ahn,Do-Sun Kim,Hyun Hee Kim,Ki-Byung Lim,Ji Young Kim,Jee Hee Lee,Shin Jae Kang,Yoon-Jung Hwang 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful tool for the detection of DNA sequences in the specific region of the chromosomes. As well as for the integrated physical mapping, FISH karyotype analysis has to be preceded. The detailed karyotypes of two onion cultivars, which are resources for onion genome sequencing project (‘Eumginara’ and ‘Sinsunhwang’), were constructed based on triple color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and tandem repeat sequence. All used our materials showed 2n=2x=16 with x=8 as basic chromosome number. 5S rDNAs were located on 4 loci in one pair of interstitial region of short arm chromosome in both onion cultivars. Two pairs of 45S rDNAs were positioned in distal region of short arm chromosome in ‘Eumginara’. Otherwise 5 loci of 45S rDNAs were located in distal region of two pairs of short arm chromosome in ‘Sinsunhwang’. Among them, two signals of 45S rDNAs were co-localized in distal part of short arm and long arm chromosome, respectively. In case of tandem repeat sequence was detected on telomeric region of 8 pairs of chromosomes except on 45S ribosomal DNA sites. These results will provide a valuable background for physical mapping and help to further more understand the genome sequencing project in Allium cepa.
Franklin H. Mancia,Jung Sun Kim,Raisa Aone M. Cabahug,Yoon-Jung Hwang 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.2
Sisymbrium irio (2n = 2x = 14) is a wild plant with traits that can off er economic and ecological benefits, yet it has received scant attention compared to its closely related species. There is no substantial genomic information generated from this species, thus highlighting the need for molecular cytogenetic analyses. The information provided from karyotypic investigation is essential for developing cytogenetic maps. In the present study, asymmetry/symmetry indexes classified S. irio as having a moderately symmetric karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) techniques were implemented as important cytogenetic tools for the direct detection of chromosomal targets and the study of the evolutionary relationship of crops. Repetitive DNA sequences such as ribosomal DNA (rDNA), C 0 t DNA, telomeric repeats, satellite repeats, and genomic DNA sequences were used as markers for the cytomolecular characterization of S. irio . The linked arrangement of 5 and 18 S rDNA units was found to be located at the terminal regions of the two chromosomes. Arabidopsis -type telomere repeats were detected in the terminal regions. Interestingly, labeled self-gDNA and C 0 t DNA hybridized in the pericentromeric and rDNA regions signifying the preferential distribution of the major repeats. Comparative GISH assays revealed the degree of genomic relationships among S. irio , Raphanus sativus , and Brassica diploids. The cytogenetic maps generated in this study are essential for understanding the genomic organization of S. irio and could be utilized for future validation of its genome assembly.
Franklin Hinosa Mancia,주윤하,임기병,김정선,남상용,황윤정 한국자원식물학회 2017 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.30 No.6
Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization karyotype analysis was created using repetitive sequences including two types of rDNA repeats (45S and 5S rDNAs) and Arabidopsis-type telomere sequence repeats. The somatic metaphase cells of Carthamus tinctorius were observed as diploids (2n=2x=24). A symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical karyotype with seven pairs of metacentric and five pairs of submetacentric chromosomes was observed. The lengths of the somatic metaphase chromosomes ranged from 4.18 to 6.53 ㎛, with a total length of 60.71 ㎛. One locus of 45S rDNA was located on the pericentromeric regions of three pairs of chromosomes and the other pair was situated on the terminal regions of the short arms of a single pair of chromosomes. One locus of 5S rDNA was detected on the interstitial regions of the short arms of two pairs of chromosomes. Arabidopsis-type telomeric repeats were detected on the terminal regions of all pairs of chromosomes. Co-localization of loci between telomeric repeats and 45S rDNA was observed in a single pair of chromosomes. The results provide additional information for the existing physical mapping project of C. tinctorius and will also serve as a benchmark to a more intricate cytogenetic investigation of C. tinctorius and its related species.