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Role of microRNA-520h in 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg3-mediated angiosuppression
Man-Hong Keung,Lai-Sheung Chan,Hoi-Hin Kwok,Ricky Ngok-Shun Wong,Patrick Ying-Kit Yue 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2
Background: Ginsenoside-Rg3, the pharmacologically active component of red ginseng, has been found to inhibit tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis in various cancer models. Previously, we found that 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg3 (Rg3) could inhibit angiogenesis. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to affect many biological processes, they might play an important role in ginsenosidemediated angiomodulation. Methods: In this study, we examined the underlying mechanisms of Rg3-induced angiosuppression through modulating the miRNA expression. In the miRNA-expression profiling analysis, six miRNAs and three miRNAs were found to be up- or down-regulated in vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-induced human-umbilical-vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after Rg3 treatment, respectively. Results: A computational prediction suggested that mature hsa-miR-520h (miR-520h) targets ephrin receptor (Eph) B2 and EphB4, and hence, affecting angiogenesis. The up-regulation of miR-520h after Rg3 treatment was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while the protein expressions of EphB2 and EphB4 were found to decrease, respectively. The mimics and inhibitors of miR- 520h were transfected into HUVECs and injected into zebra-fish embryos. The results showed that overexpression of miR-520h could significantly suppress the EphB2 and EphB4 protein expression, proliferation, and tubulogenesis of HUVECs, and the subintestinal-vessel formation of the zebra fish. Conclusion: These results might provide further information on the mechanism of Rg3-induced angiosuppression and the involvement of miRNAs in angiogenesis.
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Role of microRNA-520h in 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg3-mediated angiosuppression
Keung, Man-Hong,Chan, Lai-Sheung,Kwok, Hoi-Hin,Wong, Ricky Ngok-Shun,Yue, Patrick Ying-Kit The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2
Background: Ginsenoside-Rg3, the pharmacologically active component of red ginseng, has been found to inhibit tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis in various cancer models. Previously, we found that 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg3 (Rg3) could inhibit angiogenesis. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to affect many biological processes, they might play an important role in ginsenoside-mediated angiomodulation. Methods: In this study, we examined the underlying mechanisms of Rg3-induced angiosuppression through modulating the miRNA expression. In the miRNA-expression profiling analysis, six miRNAs and three miRNAs were found to be up- or down-regulated in vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-induced human-umbilical-vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after Rg3 treatment, respectively. Results: A computational prediction suggested that mature hsa-miR-520h (miR-520h) targets ephrin receptor (Eph) B2 and EphB4, and hence, affecting angiogenesis. The up-regulation of miR-520h after Rg3 treatment was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while the protein expressions of EphB2 and EphB4 were found to decrease, respectively. The mimics and inhibitors of miR- 520h were transfected into HUVECs and injected into zebra-fish embryos. The results showed that overexpression of miR-520h could significantly suppress the EphB2 and EphB4 protein expression, proliferation, and tubulogenesis of HUVECs, and the subintestinal-vessel formation of the zebra fish. Conclusion: These results might provide further information on the mechanism of Rg3-induced angiosuppression and the involvement of miRNAs in angiogenesis.
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Back to the Future : From the University Lecture Room to the School Classroom
( Man Keung Siu ) 한국수학교육학회 2013 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2013 No.1
In his classic Elementarmathematik von hoheren Standpunkte aus Felix Klein pointed out a "double discontinuity", namely, the transition from school mathematics to university mathematics a beginning undergraduate goes through and later the transition from university mathematics back to school mathematics if the graduate becomes a school teacher. In Klein`s own words: "The young university student found himself, at the outset, confronted with problems which did not suggest, in any particular, the things with which he had been concerned at school. Naturally he forgot these quickly and thoroughly. ….. When, after finishing his course of study, he became a teacher, he suddenly found himself expected to teach the traditional elementary mathematics in the old pedantic way; and, since he was scarcely able, unaided, to discern any connection between this task and his university mathematics, he soon fell in with the time honoured way of teaching, and his university studies remained only a more or less pleasant memory which had no influence upon his teaching." This leads one to ask the question, "Will a tertiary graduate with academic distinction in advanced mathematics be a successful school teacher in mathematics?" The answer seems to be, "Maybe yes, but not always." Why not always? What kind of frame of mind and focal point of attention, and related to that what kind of subject knowledge, would a school teacher in mathematics do well to possess and to be nurtured in? We believe school teachers in mathematics should have research experience in mathematics, which, though similar in spirit as that of a researcher in mathematics, can be quite different in form and content, because a school teacher has to explain mathematics in a language and at a level of sophistication suitable to the mental development of school pupils. Mathematics learnt in the university provides the background and the general upbringing in the discipline, but it needs research experience of the kind mentioned above to enable a teacher to work on designing the teaching sequence in class and to better re spond to pupils` questions. We will illustrate with many examples gleaned from classroom teaching or historical sources. On the way the connection between school mathematics and university mathematics will be revealed, addressing the issue of Klein`s "double discontinuity".
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SIU, Man-Keung The Korean Society for History of Mathematics 2015 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.28 No.6
In 1613 the official-scholar LI Zhi-zao (李之藻) of the Ming Dynasty, in collaboration with the Italian Jesuit Matteo RICCI (利瑪竇), compiled the treatise Tongwen Suanzhi (同文算指). This is the first book which transmitted into China in a systematic and comprehensive way the art of written calculation that had been in common practice in Europe since the sixteenth century. This paper tries to see what pedagogical lessons can be gleaned from the book, in particular on the basic operations in arithmetic and related applications in various types of problems which form the content of modern day mathematics in elementary school education.
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Siu Man Keung 한국수학사학회 2020 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.33 No.5
HPM (History and Pedagogy of Mathematics) activities deal with integrating the history of mathematics with the teaching and learning of mathematics. As a teacher of mathematics the author will share his personal experience in the engagement of HPM activities during the past forty-five years with fellow teachers who are interested in such activities and who may wish to know how another teacher goes about doing it.
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Ben Man Fei Cheung,Kin Sang Lau,Victor Ho Fun Lee,To Wai Leung,Feng-Ming Spring Kong,Mai Yee Luk,Kwok Keung Yuen 대한방사선종양학회 2021 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.39 No.4
Purpose: Radiomic models elaborate geometric and texture features of tumors extracted from imaging to develop predictors for clinical outcomes. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been increasingly applied in the ablative treatment of thoracic tumors. This study aims to identify predictors of treatment responses in patients affected by early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or pulmonary oligo-metastases treated with SBRT and to develop an accurate machine learning model to predict radiological response to SBRT.Materials and Methods: Computed tomography (CT) images of 85 tumors (stage I–II NSCLC and pulmonary oligo-metastases) from 69 patients treated with SBRT were analyzed. Gross tumor volumes (GTV) were contoured on CT images. Patients that achieved complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) were defined as responders. One hundred ten radiomic features were extracted using PyRadiomics module based on the GTV. The association of features with response to SBRT was evaluated. A model using support vector machine (SVM) was then trained to predict response based solely on the extracted radiomics features. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to evaluate model performance of the identified radiomic predictors.Results: Sixty-nine patients receiving thoracic SBRT from 2008 to 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. Skewness and root mean squared were identified as radiomic predictors of response to SBRT. The SVM machine learning model developed had an accuracy of 74.8%. The area under curves for CR, PR, and non-responder prediction were 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.794–0.921), 0.946 (95% CI, 0.873–0.978), and 0.857 (95% CI, 0.789–0.915), respectively.Conclusion: Radiomic analysis of pre-treatment CT scan is a promising tool that can predict tumor response to SBRT.
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Looking at HPM through an Old Chestnut: Sum of the Angles of a Triangle
숙문강,Siu, Man Keung The Korean Society for History of Mathematics 2013 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.26 No.5
Some teachers do not regard the computation of the sum of the angles of a triangle by using a cut-and-paste or paper-folding method as providing a proof that the sum of the angles of a triangle is equal to two right angles. Some even think that this way of working is not mathematics but more like an experiment in physics. Some see the method as no better than measurement of the angles by a protractor. The author will examine this issue in the teaching and learning of school geometry and more generally as a specific example from the perspective of HPM (History and Pedagogy of Mathematics).
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강도변화에 따른 순환굵은골재 콘크리트와 이형철근의 부착특성
전수만(Jeon Su-Man),이민정(Lee Min-Jung),윤현도(Yun Hyun-Do),최기선(Choi Ki-Sun),유영찬(You Young-Chan),김긍환(Kim Keung-Hwan) 대한건축학회 2007 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.27 No.1
One of the most important requirements for reinforced concrete constructions is the bond behavior between concrete and reinforcement. For practical application, it is very important to study bond behavior of reinforcing bars in recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). In this study, bond tests are conducted on 36 pullout specimens to study the influence of recycled coarse aggregate replacement level (i.e:, 0%, 30%, 60% and 100%) and compressive strength of concrete (i.e.. 21㎫, 27㎫, and 40㎫). Each specimen was in the form of a cube, with edges of 150㎜ in length and for the pull-out tests, a deformed bar, 16㎜ in diameter, was embedded in the center of each specimen. Base on the test results, the influences of both recycled coarse aggregate replacement level and the bond strength were investigated. The specimens of 21㎫ and 27㎫ failed due to pull-out failure mode, but 40㎫ specimens have splitting failure mode. It was found that under the equivalent concrete strength, the bond stress between the recycled coarse aggregate concrete and the deformed bars has no obvious relation with the recycled coarse aggregate replacement level. Also, specimens with recycled coarse aggregate concrete showed a higher bond stress than that provided in CEB-FIP Code.
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