Transient aerodynamic forces of a vehicle passing through a bridge tower's wake region in crosswind environment

Ma, Lin,Zhou, Dajun,Han, Wanshui,Wu, Jun,Liu, Jianxin Techno-Press 2016 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.22 No.2

Super long-span bridges provide people with great convenience, but they also bring traffic safety problems caused by strong wind owing to their high decks. In this paper, the large eddy simulation together with dynamic mesh technology in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to explore the mechanism of a moving vehicle's transient aerodynamic force in crosswind, the regularity and mechanism of the vehicle's aerodynamic forces when it passes through a bridge tower's wake zone in crosswind. By comparing the calculated results and those from wind tunnel tests, the reliability of the methods used in the paper is verified on a moving vehicle's aerodynamic forces in a bridge tower's wake region. A vehicle's aerodynamic force coefficient decreases sharply when it enters into the wake region, and reaches its minimum on the leeward of the bridge tower where exists a backflow region. When a vehicle moves on the outermost lane on the windward direction and just passes through the backflow region, it will suffer from negative lateral aerodynamic force and yaw moment in the bridge tower's wake zone. And the vehicle's passing ruins the original vortex structure there, resulting in that the lateral wind on the right side of the bridge tower does not change its direction but directly impact on the vehicle's windward. So when the vehicle leaves from the backflow region, it will suffer stronger aerodynamic than that borne by the vehicle when it just enters into the region. Other cases of vehicle moving on different lane and different directions were also discussed thoroughly. The results show that the vehicle's pneumatic safety performance is evidently better than that of a vehicle on the outermost lane on the windward.

Research on the relationship and factors of international trade and Chinese traditional culture

Ma Lin,Ji Tong 한중경제문화학회 2023 한중경제문화연구 Vol.21 No.-

Questions d'identité(s) Qui est qui ? Qui est quoi ?

Malin Franck 프랑스학회 2009 프랑스학연구 Vol.47 No.-

오늘날 ‘프랑스인이라는 것은 무엇인가?’라는 정체성의 문제에 직면하여 그 명료한 해답을 찾는 작업은, 프랑스이건 그렇지 않은 사람이건 누구에게나 어려운 작업이다. 더욱이 그 답의 모색자가 프랑스 언어와 문화 교육자일 경우는 더욱 난관에 봉착하게 될 것이다. 정체성에 관한 문제는 몇몇 정치적 사건과 정치적 담화를 통해 일종의 유행처럼 재등장한 듯하다. ‘국가적 정체성’이란 개념은 역사적 진화의 과정에서 발생한 결과로서의 개념인데, 본 논문에서는 다음과 같은 몇몇 관점에서 이를 다루고 있다. 우선 프랑스가 현대적 의미에서 (이 또한 정확하게 정의하기란 쉽지 않지만) 국가 개념을 다지기 위해 그 경계를 설정한, 영토 구축의 측면이다. 이에 근거하여 정체성이란 용어의 의미론적인 경계획정의 문제가 발생한다. 사실 정체성이란 용어는 서로 균일하지 않은 의미 가치들이 상대적으로 작용하는 의미망 속에서 다른 개념들을 동시에 포함하는 매우 복합적인 개념이라 할 수 있다. 의미론적인 어려움과 현대 국가 개념의 탄생을 통해서 결과적으로 법적 의미작용 구축의 문제가 발생하는 것이다. 이는 국적을 어떠한 방식에 따라 부여하느냐의 문제와 연관되기도 한다. 분명 누가 프랑스인이고, 누가 프랑스인이지 않은가를 정의하기 위해서 기준을 세울 필요가 있다. 혈통주의와 출생지주의라는 두 종류의 주된 논의를 축으로 현대 역사에서 많은 대립이 있었음은 이미 주지하는 바이다. 게다가 오늘날 프랑스에서 주요 논의 과제인 이민 현상은 프랑스 영토를 구성하는 사람들의 다양한 출신 국가에 관해 재고하게 한다. 이러한 맥락에서 ‘진짜 프랑스인’의 존재는 사실 역사적 현실이라기보다는 교육 제도 내에서 만들어진 일반론적이며 집단적인 일련의 추상적 개념임을 확인하게 된다. 정체성이란 상징에 관한 정치적 사용은 이 개념에 대한 신화적 측면을 강화시키는 것이다. 따라서 (가족과 같은) 인간 사회를 구성하는 요소 혹은 집단을 연구하면서 더 적합한 시각은 문화적 접근, 나아가 가능한 경우에는, 상호 문화적 접근이라 하겠다. 이상의 논의를 근거로, 우리는 매우 복잡한 문제를 내포하고 있는 프랑스인의 정체성 문제에 직면하여 고정관념, 편견, 스테레오타입을 타파하는 것이 바람직함을 생각하게 된다. 따라서 출발점이 된 질문, ‘프랑스인이라는 것은 무엇인가?’는 그 다양성에도 불구하고 공통적인 가치를 추구하면서 국가를 기능하게 만드는 측면에 관해 고민하면서 찾을 수 있을 것이다.

Comment dire l'invisible

Malin, Franck 프랑스문화예술학회 2000 프랑스문화예술연구 Vol.2 No.-

Exploration sémiotique de La persistance de la mémoire de Salvador Dalí

Malin Franck 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2021 에피스테메 Vol.- No.25

This short study attempts to address the internal meaning of a famous painting by Salvador Dalí: The Persistence of Memory (1931), using theoretical and methodological tools developed by the “School of Paris” semiotics. Thus, we move from the hierarchical description of the plane of expression (from percepts to formants), to the progressive organization of the form of the content through a semanticization of all the units identified in the previous phases of the analysis. This makes it possible to set up the deep semantics specific to this work and the values it carries during the semiosis process. Thus, the meaning of this statement (visual text) is gradually revealed through a less naive reading of this major work of art history which is at the core of broader cultural concerns both for the artist and all readers: the conceptualization of time through various prisms, both plastic and semantic. Cette brève étude essaie d’aborder la signification interne d’un célèbre tableau de Salvador Dalí : La persistance de la mémoire (1931), à l’aide d’outils théoriques et méthodologiques développés par la sémiotique dite “école de Paris”. Ainsi, nous passons de la description hiérarchisée du plan de l’expression (des percepts aux formants), à l’organisation progressive de la forme du contenu à travers une sémantisation de toutes les unités identifiées dans les phases précédentes de l’analyse. Cela permet de mettre en place la sémantique profonde propre à cette œuvre et des valeurs qu’elle porte lors du processus de la sémiosis. Ainsi, la signification de cet énoncé (texte visuel) se dévoile progressivement à travers une lecture moins naïve de cette œuvre majeure de l’histoire de l’art et qui se révèle être au cœur de préoccupations culturelles plus large aussi bien pour l’artiste que pour tous les lecteurs : l’appréhension du temps, à travers divers aspects à la fois plastiques et sémantiques.

Lecture(s) de Graff` Arts

( Malin Franck ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2001 언어와 언어학 Vol.27 No.-

Comparative kinematic gait analysis in young and old Beagle dogs

Malin Lorke,Maray Willen,Karin Lucas,Martin Beyerbach,Patrick Wefstaedt,Hugo Murua Escobar,Ingo Nolte 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.4

Age-related involution in dogs involves loss of muscle mass and changes in connective tissue and articular cartilage. The aim of this study was to examine whether an age-related influence on joint mobility can be detected in the absence of disease. Five young (mean age 2.0 years) and five old (mean age 10.4 years) healthy and sound Beagle dogs underwent computer-assisted gait analysis during locomotion on a treadmill. Shoulder, elbow, carpal, hip, stifle, and tarsal joint angles including joint angle progression curves, minimum and maximum joint angles, and range of motion (ROM) in degrees were analyzed. The old group had a smaller maximum joint angle (p = 0.037) and ROM (p = 0.037) of the carpal joint; there were similar tendencies in the shoulder, elbow, and carpal joints. Descriptive analysis of the progression curves revealed less flexion and extension of the forelimb joints. The results indicate restricted joint mobility of the forelimb in old dogs, primarily of the carpal joint. Results in the joints of the hindlimb were inconsistent, and the contrasting alterations may be due to a compensatory mechanism. As most alterations were found in the distal joints, these should receive particular attention when examining elderly dogs.

Leading for Safety: A Question of Leadership Focus

Malin Mattson Molnar,Ulrica Von Thiele Schwarz,Johnny Hellgren,Henna Hasson,Susanne Tafvelin 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.2

Background: There is considerable evidence that leadership influences workplace safety, but less is known about the relative importance of different leadership styles for safety. In addition, a leadership style characterized by an emphasis and a focus on promoting safety has rarely been investigated alongside other more general leadership styles. Methods: Data were collected through a survey to which 269 employees in a paper mill company responded. A regression analysis was conducted to examine the relative roles of transformational, transactional (management-by-exception active; MBEA), and safety-specific leadership for different safety behavioral outcomes (compliance behavior and safety initiative behaviors) and for minor and major injuries. Results: A safety-specific leadership contributed the most to the enhanced safety of the three different kinds of leadership. Transformational leadership did not contribute to any safety outcome over and above that of a safety-specific leadership, whereas a transactional leadership (MBEA) was associated with negative safety outcomes (fewer safety initiatives and increased minor injuries). Conclusion: The most important thing for leaders aiming at improving workplace safety is to continuously emphasize safety, both in their communication and by acting as role models. This highlights the importance for leadership training programs aiming to improve safety to actually focus on safety-promoting communication and behaviors rather than general leadership. Furthermore, an overly monitoring and controlling leadership style can be detrimental to attempts at achieving improved workplace safety.

Cationic surfactant modified cellulose nanocrystals for corrosion protective nanocomposite surface coatings

Malin Ly,Tizazu H. Mekonnen 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.83 No.-

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), a robust renewable and green nanomaterial, has potential as an excellentreinforcing and multifunctionalfiller for polymers used in coating and other applications. However, thehigh polarity of CNCs limits its interfacial interaction and dispersibility with several non-polar polymers. These limitations severely constrain it from transferring its functional attributes to polymeric materials. In this paper, three differentiated cationic surfactants: cetyltetramethylammoniumbromide (CTAB, C16single chain), dimethyldidodecylammonium bromide (DDAB, C12 double chains) and dimethyldihex-adecylammonium (DHAB, C16 double chains) were used to modify the surface of CNCs. The modificationswere confirmed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and elemental analysis. X-raydiffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the samples revealed that the crystallinitiesand the thermal stabilities of the modified CNCs were preserved. Corrosion protection studies of epoxynanocomposites containing the native and surfactant modified CNCs were conducted using model steelspecimens via salt spray and electrochemical test methods. The results reported herein indicated that theuse of surfactant modified CNCs resulted in an enhanced dispersibility in the epoxy matrices as comparedto native CNCs. The improved dispersion assisted in retardation of the penetration of electrolyte thatcaused a remarkable improvement in the metal corrosion protection performance, as compared tounfilled or native CNCfilled epoxy coatings.

Méthodes audiovisuelles et stéréotypes visuels

Malin Franck 프랑스학회 2017 프랑스학연구 Vol.79 No.-

Les méthodes audiovisuelles de FLE basées principalement sur une histoire filmée à des fins d’enseignement/apprentissage du français pour un public hors de France sont relativement rares. Rareté qui n’empêche pas que leur contenu visuel présente des non-dits, des stéréotypes qui donnent une image parfois faussée de situations censées exister en France, notamment sur les caractéristiques physiques et sociodémographiques des personnages principaux Le public, lecteur-spectateur, hors de France, et souvent non francophone, idéalise alors la langue-culture à travers ces images, à la fois visuelles et symboliques. Nous essayerons de mettre en évidence, par une analyse comparative les évolutions entre quelques méthodes, mais aussi donner des éléments pour décrypter et mettre à jour ce qui relève de représentations stéréotypiques dans ces images a priori transparentes. Par exemple l’influence de l’immigration et de l’histoire sur la constitution de la population française absente de Reflets 1, mais brièvement présente dans Totem 1 et 2 et Écho 1. Chaque manuel audiovisuel fait des choix censés représenter les Français