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Identification of a Prophage-encoded Abortive Infection System in Levilactobacillus brevis
( Marine Feyereisen ),( Jennifer Mahony ),( Tadhg O Sullivan ),( Viktor Boer ),( Douwe Van Sinderen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2020 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.48 No.3
Abortive infection systems (Abi) are phage resistance systems that can be prophage-encoded. Here, two genes encoding an Abi system were identified on a prophage sequence contained by the chromosome of the Levilactobacillus brevis strain UCCLBBS124. This Abi system is similar to the two-component AbiL system encoded by Lactococcus lactis biovar. diacetylactis LD10-1. The UCCLBBS124 prophage-derived Abi system (designated here as AbiL124) was shown to exhibit specific activity against phages infecting L. brevis and L. lactis strains. Expression of the AbiL124 system was shown to cause reduction in the efficiency of plaquing and cell lysis delay for phages of both species.
The Trends and Culture of Spectator Sports in the U. S. and Korea
Han Dong-yoo(한동유),Mahony Daniel F 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.3
본 연구는 한국과 미국 대학생 스포츠 팬들이 지닌 스포츠 선호도를 조사하여 양국의 문화에 기반한 스포츠 트랜드를 비교 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 총 412명의 한국과 미국 대학생이 설문에 참여했고 연구문제 검정을 위해 카이제곱검정이 주통계 기법으로 활용되었으며 통계분석결과 다음과 같은 현상들이 발견되었다. 첫째, 스포츠 선호도에 관한 공통점으로 한국과 미국 학생들은 프로 스포츠를 좋아하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가장 명백한 차이점으로 한국학생들은 국가대표 팀 스포츠를 선호한 반면 미국 대학생들은 대학 간 대항 스포츠를 보다 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과는 양국 간 상이한 문화와 학교 시스템에 기초한 현상이자 축구와 같이 국가주의가 강한 스포츠 종목의 영향력 때문인 것으로 추정된다.
'Different-stimulus' scaling errors; effects of scale length
Park, J.Y.,O'Mahony, M.,Kim, K.O. Longman Scientific Technical ; Elsevier Science Pu 2007 Food quality and preference Vol.18 No.2
Using a Rank-Rating protocol and a traditional protocol whereby stimuli could not be re-tasted nor the scores be reviewed and modified, judges' performance on category and line scales of intensity, in terms of the number of 'different-stimulus' scaling errors, was compared. A different stimulus scaling error was defined as giving a perceptually more intense stimulus an equal or lower score than a perceptually less intense stimulus. The scales compared were 9- and 20-point category scales and 10 and 20cm line scales. The stimuli were beef flavored soups of varying saltiness and orange flavored gelatin cubes of varying sweetness. There was a tendency for longer scales (20-point category, 20cm line) to yield fewer 'different-stimulus' scaling errors than the shorter scales (9-point category, 10cm line).
Role of Regulatory Cells in Oral Tolerance
Marcin Wawrzyniak,Liam O`Mahony,Mübeccel Akdis 대한천식알레르기학회 2017 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.9 No.2
The immune system is continuously exposed to great amounts of different antigens from both food and intestinal microbes. Immune tolerance to these antigens is very important for intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis. Oral tolerance is a specific type of peripheral tolerance induced by exposure to antigen via the oral route. Investigations on the role of intestinal immune system in preventing hypersensitivity reactions to innocuous dietary and microbial antigens have been intensively performed during the last 2 decades. In this review article, we discuss how food allergens are recognized by the intestinal immune system and draw attention to the role of regulatory T (Treg) and B (Breg) cells in the establishment of oral tolerance and tolerogenic features of intestinal dendritic cells. We also emphasize the potential role of tonsils in oral tolerance induction because of their anatomical location, cellular composition, and possible usage to develop novel ways of specific immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic diseases.
Paired Preference Testing: False Preferences and Disruptive Protocols
Yixun Xia,Fang Zhong,Michael O’Mahony 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.1
This review introduces recent changes regarding measurement of preferences brought about by the discovery of false preferences that occur with paired preference testing. Testing protocols are examined critically. False preferences result from a response bias elicited by factors distinct from sensory properties of products being tested that can distort results. Statistical approaches to circumventing this problem are examined. Alternative methods are being developed to eliminate false preferences based on understanding information processing in the brain. This has led to development of disruptive experimental preference testing protocols based on hypothesized use of processing subroutines in the brain to protect the central processing system from overload. These disruptive protocols suppress response bias. Paired preference testing is designed to predict consumer behavior. A paucity of studies addressing whether they do is put into perspective.