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Madihah Halim,Ameyra Aman-Zuki,Syarifah Zulaikha Syed Ahmad,Abdullah Muhaimin Mohammad Din,Atikah Abdul Rahim,Mohamed Mazmira Mohd Masri,Badrul Munir Md. Zain,Salmah Yaakop 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4
Parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) play a significant role in reducing the pest population of the bagworm species Metisa plana. This study presents the abundance and DNA barcoding information of eight parasitoid wasps species, Dolichogenidea metesae (47%), Brachymeria carinata (19%), Buysmania oxymora (12%), Goryphus bunoh (7%), Pediobius anomalus (5%), Eupelmus cotoxanthae (2%), Apanteles aluella (5%), Apanteles sp.1 (3%) and that emerged from M. plana collected from three highly infested oil palm plantations in Selangor (west), Perak (north) and Johor (south) in Peninsular Malaysia. Samples of infested M. plana were collected from the field and reared in a rearing room. The parasitoid wasp species D. metesae recorded the highest emergence numbers and the broadest presence in all the sampling sites. The relationships among the parasitoids species were estimated and visualized using Neighbor Joining (NJ) phylogenetic analyses with the Ceraphronidae family as an outgroup. The resulting NJ tree showed that the identified parasitoid wasps were successfully classified into specific species and supported with bootstraps values between 55% to 100%. This study provides important information on potential biological control agents for M. plana that may be useful for the Malaysian oil palm industry.
Madihah Md Salleh,Liew Shiau Tsuey,Arabakariya Bin Ariff 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1
The profile of enzymes relevant to solvent production during direct fermentation of sago starch by Clostridium saccharobutylicum P262 in a 2 L stirred tank fermenter was determined utilizing different pH control strategies. During fermentation without pH control (initial pH of 6), the specific activity of crotonase, thiolase, and β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase increased proportionally with solvent production. The highest crotonase (3,450.7 kat) and phosphotransbutyrylase activity (1,475.6 kat) was observed in fermentation where pH was maintained at 5 during the acidogenic phase and corresponded to a fairly high acid accumulation but low solvent production. During fermentation with a controlled pH of 5.25 during the solventogenic phase, the highest thiolase specific activity (255.7 kat) was obtained and corresponded to the highest production of acetone. On the other hand, the highest specific activities of crotonase, β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and phosphotransbutyrylase were observed at pH 5.5 and corresponded to the highest production of ethanol and butanol. Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase had no significance role in solvent fermentation. These results suggested that pH control strategies were important for improvement of solvent production during direct fermentation of sago starch by C. saccharobutylicum.
Madihah Halim,Ameyra Aman-Zuki,Muhamad Azmi Mohammed,Salmah Yaakop 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.3
Ladybugs (family: Coccinellidae) are well known for their role as biological control agents in ecosystems, however some types can be serious pests and cause damage to many important crops. The first ever DNA Barcode of eight ladybug species (Coccinellidae) namely Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, Henosepilachna kaszabi, Micraspis discolor, Heteroneda reticulata, Chilocorus nigritus, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Coelophora inaequalis and Coccinella transversalis from Malaysia successfully presented in this study. It has been collected in the field, known and act as biological control agents for serious pests that cause damage to several important crops. From this study, the interactions are refers to the ladybugs species as predator and its host plant family namely solanaceae, moraceae, malvaceae, convolvulaceae and rutaceae. The relationships among ladybugs species has been estimated and visualized using phylogenetic analyses of Neighbor Joining (NJ), Maximum Parsimony (MP), and Bayesian Inference (BI) with Cassidinae sp. as an outgroup. All resulted trees generated produced more or less similar with Coccinellinae (five genera) were found monophyletic (lowly supported, 0.57 posterior probability (pp)), while Chilochorinae were paraphyletic. However Scymninae (2 genera, 0.87 pp) and Epilachninae (1 genus, 1.00 pp) were also monophyletic. The information on the ladybugs species and its host plants is very important and crucial in managing strategy on the pest infestation, which requires details for food and host preferences in their tritrophic interaction.
Medium Optimization for Chitinase Production from Trichoderma virens using Central Composite Design
Azaliza Safarida Wasli,Madihah Md. Salleh,Suraini Abd-Aziz,Osman Hassan,Nor Muhammad Mahadi 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.6
Medium development for chitinase production by Trichoderma virens was first carried out using conventional method of one-factor-at-a-time. The medium was further optimized using Central Composite Design in which response surface was generated later from the derived model. An experimental design of four variables including various initial pH values, chitin, ammonium sulphate, and methanol concentrations were created using Design Expert ® Software, Version 6.0. The design consists of 30 experiments, which include 6 replicates at center points. The optimal value for each variable are 3.0 g/L, chitin; 0.1 g/L, ammonium sulphate; 0.4% (v/v), methanol; and initial pH, 4.0 with predicted chitinase activity of 0.1495 U/mL. These predicted parameters were tested in the laboratory and the final chitinase activity obtained was 0.1471 U/mL, which is almost reaching the predicted value. The optimal medium design showed an improvement of chitinase activity of 80.9% compared to activity obtained from the original Absidia medium composition. Medium development for chitinase production by Trichoderma virens was first carried out using conventional method of one-factor-at-a-time. The medium was further optimized using Central Composite Design in which response surface was generated later from the derived model. An experimental design of four variables including various initial pH values, chitin, ammonium sulphate, and methanol concentrations were created using Design Expert ® Software, Version 6.0. The design consists of 30 experiments, which include 6 replicates at center points. The optimal value for each variable are 3.0 g/L, chitin; 0.1 g/L, ammonium sulphate; 0.4% (v/v), methanol; and initial pH, 4.0 with predicted chitinase activity of 0.1495 U/mL. These predicted parameters were tested in the laboratory and the final chitinase activity obtained was 0.1471 U/mL, which is almost reaching the predicted value. The optimal medium design showed an improvement of chitinase activity of 80.9% compared to activity obtained from the original Absidia medium composition.
Linkages of Financial Efficacy, Demographics, Risks Preference and Consumption Behavior in Malaysia
KUSAIRI, Suhal,SANUSI, Nur Azura,MUHAMAD, Suriyani,SHUKRI, Madihah,ZAMRI, Nadia Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.9
Financial literacy is one of the sustainable development goals of huge concern of governments. Governments explore solutions addressing policies to improve financial literacy. Nevertheless, financial management has such a broad scope and is not just limited to knowledge. As human nature, individuals are born with different confidence levels that include various financial abilities. This study aims to investigate the household-financial efficacy through the application of psychometric instruments, risk preference, and demographic characteristics toward consumption decision behavior. The research is based on a survey 479 households in the peninsular Malaysia, and utilizes the structural equation model, cluster proportional and systematic random sampling, and two measurements - composite reliability and average variance extracted. Results show that households' financial efficacy is one of the critical factors that explain the households' consumption decision behavior. Also, risk preference, gender and area location (rural or urban) of the household determined the consumption decision behavior of the household. The effectiveness of consumption decision is not only determined by financial literacy, but also financial efficacy. The implications of this paper may help to design policies in narrowing the broad gap between the rural and urban level of financial efficacy. The government needs to take appropriate actions to fix it.
Music and Sound-Based Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review
Shahrudin Fatin Amira,Dzulkarnain Ahmad Aidil Arafat,Hanafi Ayu Madiha,Jamal Fatin Nabilah,Basri Nadzirah Ahmad,Sidek Shahrul Na’im,Yusof Hazlina Md,Khalid Madihah 대한신경정신의학회 2022 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.19 No.8
To map the evidence from the relevant studies regarding the use of music and sound-based intervention for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a scoping review study design. Scoping review was conducted according to the inclusion criteria using Google Scholar, PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Scopus. The review was accomplished in five steps: 1) identify the inclusion criteria, 2) search for relevant studies, 3) studies selection, 4) data extraction and charting, and 5) data analysis and presentation. Four major themes emerged from 39 studies that matched the inclusion criteria as follows: 1) forms of sound therapy discussing methods of sound therapy and stimulus used, 2) duration of the intervention explain in terms of listening time and total listening sessions, 3) clinical characteristics of the intervention exploring the main interest of sound therapy study in ASD, and 4) evidence for the intervention effectiveness looking into the positive, negative, and mixed findings of previous studies. Each theme was explored to identify the knowledge gaps in sound-intervention therapy. This review demonstrated the need for further studies to address several issues including identifying the effectiveness of sound-therapy intervention for ASD according to the individual sound types, the minimum duration for ASD sound-therapy intervention and more details on the use of technology, and clinical features of the sound-therapy intervention. These elements are important to further demonstrate the effectiveness of sound therapy intervention for ASD children.