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Variations in Staff Viewpoints regarding Children’s Outdoor Play in Japanese ECEC Playgrounds
Machiko Tsujitani,Kiyomi Akita,Kaori Ishida,Mariko Miyata,Yuta Miyamoto 환태평양유아교육연구학회 2018 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.12 No.2
This study aimed to reveal variations in Japanese early childhood education and care (ECEC) centers’ practices and thoughts regarding outdoor play and relationship between the two. A questionnaire was distributed and the answers from 1,659 centers were analyzed. First, it was revealed that the frequency and perceived importance of practice in outdoor environments are different between centers. Some outdoor practices are thought to be important in many centers while others are not. Second, a confirmatory factor analysis showed that centers varied in their practices and the perceived importance of direct or indirect guidance for children in outdoor play although indirect guidance was rated highly in many centers. This means that the varied thinking about outdoor play in Japanese centers can be seen in how they teach physical activities or make use of playgrounds. Third, it was revealed that thoughts about fostering children’s build strength and acquire athletic skills vary between centers and centers focusing on such things had high scores in direct guidance while centers focusing on children’s wonder or interests had low ones. In conclusion, we can consider ECEC’s outdoor play practices and perception together and what centers value is important in discussing the quality of outdoor environments for children’s development.
Variation in the Size of Light Harvesting 1 of Purple Bacteria
Akiyama, Machiko,Nagashima, Kenji V.P.,Inoue, Ryouji,Wakayama, Tatsuki,Kise, Hideo,Hara, Masayuki,Kobayashi, Masami Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2
We examined the bacteriochlorophyill/bacteriopheophytin ratios in several species of purple bacteria containing only LHI. The pigment ratios depended greatly on species. Further, Rhodospirillum rubrum showed wide variation when grown under different light intensity, and Rhodobium marinum showed significant variation from culture to culture even under the same light conditions. The protein ratios of a/RC and $\beta$/RC estimated by SDS-PAGE of chromatophores of Rsp. rubrum and Rbi. marinum exhibited the ratio of $\beta$/$\alpha$ > 1. These findings gave us the novel idea that there are two types of LHl; one is a C-shaped open antenna composed by $\alpha$$\beta$ units surrounding a RC, and another is a small closed ring antenna composed by $\alpha$$\beta$ units located peripherally in a variable ratio to the core complex like LH2.
Relation of Serum Adiponectin Levels and Obesity with Breast Cancer: A Japanese Case-Control Study
Minatoya, Machiko,Kutomi, Goro,Shima, Hiroaki,Asakura, Sumiyo,Otokozawa, Seiko,Ohnishi, Hirofumi,Akasaka, Hiroshi,Miura, Tetsuji,Mori, Mitsuru,Hirata, Koichi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19
Background: It is known that obesity is one of the risk factors for breast cancer although the association may differ between ethnic groups and with the menopausal status. Recently obesity-related risk factors including serum adiponectin and insulin levels have been analyzed together with BMI in association with breast cancer risk. Materials and Methods: We measured serum high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and insulin levels in a hospital based case-control study, including 66 sets of Japanese female breast cancer cases and age and menopausal status matched controls. Serum levels of HMW adiponectin, insulin levels and body mass index (BMI) were examined in association with breast cancer risk with adjustment for the various known risk factors by menopausal status. Results: Women in the highest HMW adiponectin levels showed significant reduced risk of breast cancer in both pre and postmenopausal women (odds ratio (OR), 0.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.00-0.26 and 0.13; 0.03-0.57, respectively). Lower BMI showed decreased breast cancer risk in both pre and postmenopausal women (OR, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.00-0.69, OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.07-1.11, respectively). Conclusions: These results indicated that higher serum HMW adiponectin levels and lower BMI are associated with a decreased breast cancer risk in both pre and postmenopausal women in Japan, adding evidence for the obesity link.
Equol, Adiponectin, Insulin Levels and Risk of Breast Cancer
Minatoya, Machiko,Kutomi, Goro,Asakura, Sumiyo,Otokozawa, Seiko,Sugiyama, Yukiko,Nagata, Yoshie,Mori, Mitsuru,Hirata, Koichi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Soy isoflavones have been widely studied and among all isoflavones equol has been gaining interest with regard to its relationship with breast cancer risk. Obesity has been revealed as one of the breast cancer risk factors, known to be associated with high levels of circulating insulin and decreased levels of adiponectin. Hence there have been many studies investigating relationships between insulin and adiponectin levels and breast cancer risk. Additionally recent findings have suggested that insulin and adiponectin themselves may have influence on breast cancer development, independent of obesity. In the present review, we discuss the relationships between breast cancer risk and equol, insulin and adiponectin levels, which are three important factors in our ongoing hospital-based case-control study. Herein these factors are reviewed not only from the clinical viewpoint but also from possible chemical and biological points of view which may explain clinical observations.
Tsujitani Machiko,Akita Kiyomi,Miyamoto Yuta,Ishida Kaori,Miyata Mariko The Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Ass 2023 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.17 No.3
This study attempted to explore outdoor environments in early childhood education and care centers and the views of practitioners regarding support provided to children below 3 years of age with respect to experiencing risky situations. A survey of 1,167 centers with their own outdoor environments in Japan was conducted. Questions about outdoor environments and practitioners’ thoughts and practices revealed two points. First, the centers lack environments where the children are provided opportunities such as outdoor spaces; areas of different elevations, such as hills and slopes; and places where they can enjoy using their sense of touch to feel different materials such as water and plants. Second, practitioners valued a variety of experiences, such as minor risks, injuries, mistakes, and fear, for nurturing children’s ability to avoid danger and to protect themselves from potential dangers, although they did not value and generally avoided negative emotions, sensations, and experiences. Further research can explore the relationship between such views about risk experiences and actual practices, a topic of discussion among early childhood care and education practitioners.
牧田満知子(Machiko Makita) 동북아시아문화학회 2013 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2013 No.5
Recent study shows that the people dies more often in hospital than in home in Japan, however, the ratio of “at your side in home care” has been gradually recovering. This study examines the relationship between the experience of end-of –life care and the view of life and death from the questionnaire on life and death in the staffs of group homes for the elderly people with dementia. From the comparative analysis of the staffs of G.Hs and the general survey of Asahi, the former people tend to think of more positive effect of death than the latter. Further, female tend to think of more seriously the negative aspect of death, such as ”death avoidance”, “after life belief”, “super-natural belief” than male.