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Effect of Chip Wavelength and Particle Size on the Performance of Two Phosphor Coated W-LEDs
Yadav, Pooja,Joshi, Charusheela,Moharil, S.V. The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2014 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.15 No.2
Most commercial white LED lamps use blue chip coated with yellow emitting phosphor. The use of blue excitable red and green phosphors is expected to improve the CRI. Several phosphors, such as $SrGa_2S_4:Eu^{2+}$ and $(Sr,Ba)SiO_4:Eu^{2+}$, have been suggested in the past as green components. However, there are issues of the sensitivity and stability of such phosphors. Here, we describe gallium substituted $YAG:Ce^{3+}$ phosphor, as a green emitter. YAG structures are already accepted by the industry, for their stability and efficiency. LEDs with improved CRI could be fabricated by choosing $Y_3Al_4GaO_{12}:Ce^{3+}$ (green and yellow), and $SrS:Eu^{2+}$ (red) phosphors, along with blue chip. Also, the effect of a slight change in chip wavelength is studied, for two phosphor-coated w-LEDs. The reduction in particle size of the coated phosphors also gives improved w-LED characteristics.
Improved White Light Emitting Diode Characteristics by Coating GdAG:Ce Phosphor
Joshi, Charusheela,Yadav, Pooja,Moharil, S.V. The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2014 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.15 No.2
White LEDs, based on blue LED chips coated with a yellow emitting phosphor (YAG:Ce), have several disadvantages. In this paper, we report the improvement in CRI [Color Rendition Index] using $GdAl_5O_{12}:Ce$ (GdAG:Ce) and related phosphors for blue LEDs. A modified combustion synthesis route using mixed fuel was used for synthesis route. By using this procedure, we formed the desired compounds in a single step. LEDs were then fabricated by coating the blue LED chips (CREE 470 nm, 300 micron) with the GdAG:Ce phosphor dispersed in epoxy resin. The CRI typically between 65~70 for the YAG:Ce based LED was improved to 87 for LEDs fabricated from the Gd(Al,Ga)G phosphors.
Biochemical analysis and synergistic suppression of indoxacarb resistance in Plutella xylostella L.
Sarita Nehare,M.P. Moharil,B.S. Ghodki,G.K. Lande,K.D. Bisane,A.S. Thakare,U.P. Barkhade 한국응용곤충학회 2010 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.13 No.2
Indoxacarb was treated to Plutella xylostella for 10 generations to develop a resistant strain and biochemical analysis of indoxacarb resistance in different tissues of P. xylostella was carried out. Biochemical analysis found maximum esterase activity in gut homogenates of indoxacarb resistant strains followed by whole body and cuticle homogenates. In gut homogenates of indoxacarb resistant strains, maximum increase in esterases was found as compared to the unselected strain. Acetylcholineesterase activity was higher in head homogenates of the resistant strain than in the unselected strain. Glutathione-S-transferase activity was highest in whole body homogenates. However, maximum increase was found in gut homogenates of indoxacarb resistant strains over the unselected. Induced resistance was suppressed using known synergists. Maximum synergism occurred using diethyl-maleate (DEM), followed by triphenyl phosphate (TPP).
Ballal, Makarand Sudhakar,Bhadane, Kishor V.,Moharil, Ravindra M.,Suryawanshi, Hiralal M. The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.2
The microgrid concept is a promising approach for injecting clean, renewable, and reliable electricity into power systems. It can operate in both the grid-connected and the islanding mode. This paper addresses the two main challenges associated with the operation of a microgrid i.e. control and protection. A control strategy for inverter based distributed generation (DG) and an energy storage system (ESS) are proposed to control both the voltage and frequency during islanding operation. The protection scheme is proposed to protect the lines, DG and ESS. Further, the control scheme and the protection scheme are coordinated to avoid nuisance tripping of the DG, ESS and loads. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.
Effect of Chip Wavelength and Particle Size on the Performance of Two Phosphor Coated W-LEDs
Pooja Yadav,Charusheela Joshi,S. V. Moharil 한국전기전자재료학회 2014 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.15 No.2
Most commercial white LED lamps use blue chip coated with yellow emitting phosphor. The use of blue excitable redand green phosphors is expected to improve the CRI. Several phosphors, such as SrGa2S4:Eu2+ and (Sr,Ba)SiO4:Eu2+,have been suggested in the past as green components. However, there are issues of the sensitivity and stability of suchphosphors. Here, we describe gallium substituted YAG:Ce3+ phosphor, as a green emitter. YAG structures are alreadyaccepted by the industry, for their stability and efficiency. LEDs with improved CRI could be fabricated by choosingY3Al4GaO12:Ce3+ (green and yellow), and SrS:Eu2+ (red) phosphors, along with blue chip. Also, the effect of a slightchange in chip wavelength is studied, for two phosphor-coated w-LEDs. The reduction in particle size of the coatedphosphors also gives improved w-LED characteristics.
Improved White Light Emitting Diode Characteristics by Coating GdAG:Ce Phosphor
Charusheela Joshi,Pooja Yadav,S. V. Moharil 한국전기전자재료학회 2014 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.15 No.2
White LEDs, based on blue LED chips coated with a yellow emitting phosphor (YAG:Ce), have several disadvantages. In this paper, we report the improvement in CRI [Color Rendition Index] using GdAl5O12:Ce (GdAG:Ce) and relatedphosphors for blue LEDs. A modified combustion synthesis route using mixed fuel was used for synthesis route. Byusing this procedure, we formed the desired compounds in a single step. LEDs were then fabricated by coating theblue LED chips (CREE 470 nm, 300 micron) with the GdAG:Ce phosphor dispersed in epoxy resin. The CRI typicallybetween 65~70 for the YAG:Ce based LED was improved to 87 for LEDs fabricated from the Gd(Al,Ga)G phosphors.
Genetics of Indoxacarb resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)
Basweshwar S. GHODKI,Shivcharan M. THAKARE,Mangesh P. MOHARIL,Nagarjuna G. V. RAO 한국곤충학회 2009 Entomological Research Vol.39 No.1
The present investigation was done with the aim of studying the genetics of Indoxacarb resistance. Selection of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) with Indoxacarb was done for eight generations to develop resistance. Reciprocal crosses between resistant and susceptible populations were made to understand the population genetics of Indoxacarb resistance in H. armigera. Generation-wise selection with Indoxacarb was evaluated for resistance development in H. armigera. The LC50 of Indoxacarb was 2.81 p.p.m. for the first selected generation, and it increased to 272.55 p.p.m. after eight selected generations, which is a 1238.86-fold resistance compared to the susceptible strain. The estimated realized heritability (h2) after eight generations of selection with Indoxacarb was 0.45. The number of generations required for a tenfold increase in LC50 (1/R) was estimated to be 2.59. The response to Indoxacarb selection in H. armigera was 0.39, the estimated selection differential (S) was 0.87, and the phenotypic standard deviation (σp) was 0.03. Reciprocal crosses between Indoxacarb resistant and susceptible strains revealed that the inheritance of Indoxacarb resistance was autosomal: neither maternal effect nor linkage was evident. The values of DLC(0.10 and 0.09) indicated completely recessive inheritance of Indoxacarb resistance.
Makarand Sudhakar Ballal,Kishor V. Bhadane,Ravindra M. Moharil,Hiralal M. Suryawanshi 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.2
The microgrid concept is a promising approach for injecting clean, renewable, and reliable electricity into power systems. It can operate in both the grid-connected and the islanding mode. This paper addresses the two main challenges associated with the operation of a microgrid i.e. control and protection. A control strategy for inverter based distributed generation (DG) and an energy storage system (ESS) are proposed to control both the voltage and frequency during islanding operation. The protection scheme is proposed to protect the lines, DG and ESS. Further, the control scheme and the protection scheme are coordinated to avoid nuisance tripping of the DG, ESS and loads. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.
Basweshwar S. GHODKI,Shivcharan M. THAKARE,Mangesh P. MOHARIL,Nagarjuna G. V. RAO 한국곤충학회 2009 Entomological Research Vol.39 No.1
Indoxacarb, an oxadiazine insecticide, was evaluated for its effectiveness against Helicoverpa armigera collected from selected locations in India. Determination of Indoxacarb efficacy was done using a log-dose probit (LDP) bioassay against third instars collected from cotton (Gossypium arborium) fields near Akola, India. Monthly levels of toxicity of Indoxacarb were determined from July 2005 to March 2007. The maximum tolerance level of Indoxacarb was reported for the Amaravati strain (5.09 p.p.m.) and the minimum tolerance level for the Fatehbad strain (0.22 p.p.m.). Seasonal monitoring of Indoxacarb toxicity revealed an increased trend in tolerance from July 2005 to February 2006, which decreased from March 2006. The LC50 of Indoxacarb was 2.71 p.p.m. in July 2005 and 17.14 p.p.m. in February 2006. During 2006–007, the LC50 was 3.84 p.p.m. at the start of the season and in March 2007 it was 13.51 p.p.m. The minimum LC50 of Indoxacarb was reported for H. armigera larvae fed on Legasca spp. (1.62 p.p.m.) and the maximum LC50 was reported for H. armigera reared on chickpea (Cicer arietium) (8.45 p.p.m.). LC50 of 2.73 and 4.56 p.p.m. were reported for H. armigera fed on cotton (Gossypium arborium) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), respectively.