Deeper Ecology Movement

Mansik Lee 21세기영어영문학회 2008 영어영문학21 Vol.21 No.3

Modern-day citizens are well informed by repetitive daily news reports on the worsening condition of environment caused by the ideological engine of industrial revolution that has treated the earth as an exploitable resource. I think the only valuable reference point is an ecocentric perspective, even though many thinkers write that the crucial transition taking place now is from the industrial era to the information or electronic era. Because I believe we humans have the utterly ethical, if not theological, obligation to take care of the planet earth. I'd like to explicitly express agreement with the ultimate goals of DEM(Deep Ecology Movement). But as to means I have to find out a lot of suggestions for concrete ideas drastically foreign to the supporters of DEM. The utopian dreams of some supporters of DEM are dangerous because they are not sufficient enough to produce power to change the course of modern history. I cannot but be a critical supporter of DEM because feasible solutions for sustainable development or ecological sustainability cannot be deduced from DEM platform principles. The platform principles of DEM must be implemented with the plans based upon something like the system of three level transclusion because any one of plans, such as political action, is not so efficient in environmental problems. Derrida does not describe the process of historical transition from one world view to another by the dichotomous mechanism. I coined a term ‘transclusion[包越]' which is the combination of two concepts, transcendence[超越] and inclusion[包含], for the Derridian description of historical transition. For example, feminist critics can read with the system of three level transclusion, such as (1) their own biological experience, (2) political identity and (3) cultural experiencer not only in the diachronic process but also in the synchronic process. This system can be applied for the social problems including ecological crisis, but only in the form of negotiation. The processes of human negotiation with nature as well as with other humans have been already carried out since the last Ice Age. The major task of ecological studies should be to read and write what has been already happening in between. We can and do systematically negotiate boundaries and other practices with adjacent human and non-human societies if we know how to negotiate the borders of their respective living spaces. The negotiation will produce alternative action plans for ecological sustainability required not by manufacturing it according to a specific set of rules, but by making available an incredible diversity of material from which the appropriate plan is selected. The deep questioning approach of DEM to ecology is very praiseworthy. Unfortunately it is not enough to meet the present crisis. Ever deepening questioning process is desperately needed to cope with the ever-changing world. This is why I'd like to call DEM Deeper Ecology Movement instead of Deep Ecology Movement.

THE EFFECT OF PCBM-PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELL WITH MODIFIED FABRICATION PROCESS

Mansik Jo,Ji Hun Jang,Sang Woo Song,Jae Won Hwang,Dong Woo Kim,Kwang Hee Han,Byung Moo Moon 한국신재생에너지학회 2015 AFORE Vol.2015 No.11

Gas-Pressure-Assisted Modified One-Step Deposition for Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

Jo, Mansik,Cho, Seulki,Jang, Jihun,Song, Sangwoo,Moon, Kyoung-Sook,Koo, Sang-Mo,Moon, Byungmoo American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of nanoelectronics and optoelectronics Vol.12 No.12

<P>In recent years, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites have attracted much attention as promising light absorbers. Herein, the gas pressure during spin coating for a perovskite layer is introduced as a parameter for perovskite solar cells. We adopt gas pressure engineering to improve the perovskite film morphology without overgrown crystals and pin-holes. As a result, compared to 8.95% efficiency of conventional two step fabrication, perovskite solar cells based on gas-pressure-assisted method showed similar efficiency of 8.48% but increased the current density from 16.28 mA/cm(2) to 15.69 mA/cm(2), even though it reduced processing time and steps. These findings will provide important guidelines for the fabrication of low-cost perovskite solar cells.</P>

차세대 가상현실 서비스를 위한 디지털 감각 연구

김만식 ( Mansik Kim ),강정호 ( Jungho Kang ),김은환 ( Eun-hwan Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2017 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.24 No.1

가상·증강현실은 사용자에게 사용자의 인지능력과 감각을 이용하여 현실세계를 초월한 서비스를 제공해 주는 기술이다. IT 시장조사기관인 가트너는 2017 년을 이끌 ‘10 대 전략 기술 트렌드’ 중 하나로 가상현실 기술을 선정하였다. 그러나 현재 대부분의 가상현실 서비스는 시각과 청각만 의존하여 일방향으로 사용자에게 가상현실 서비스를 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 앞으로 더 현실 같은 차세대 가상현실 서비스를 제공하기 위한 디지털 감각에 대하여 연구하였다.

조오현 선시의 문학사적 의의

이만식(Mansik Lee) 한국동서비교문학학회 2015 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.0 No.33

‘The state of not to rely on letters’ [不立文字] is thought as one of the main characteristics of Zen Buddhism partly because letters are generally considered as the tool to cross the gateway without a door [無門關] and to be thrown away after crossing especially when you are enlightened, you are a Buddha [見性成佛]. The world of being spiritually awakened, namely, the world of Buddha can be achieved only by the Self Awakening of the Original Enlightenment [本證自覺]. Thus you are told to penetrate the real meaning of letters according to the ancient meditative atmosphere of Buddhism instead of relying on the letters. This paper is written in order to find a new way to explain the essence of ‘the state of not to rely on letters’ in Jo Oh-Hyun’s zen poetry because transcendental wisdom [般若] can not be said by a normal language. However, languages have been used by zen masters like Jo Oh-Hyun himself, especially when he writes his poems out of the Bodhisattva Ideal [菩薩思想] and Compassion Thought [慈悲思想], in order to help their students realize the way to the Enlightenment especially in the teachings of Mahayana Buddhism [大乘佛敎]. Most Buddhist monks and scholars talk about the insufficient efforts to communicate Dharma Talk [法語] in terms of modern languages. But the problem of communication in Buddhism has not been caused by the lack of its methods but by the discourse itself. ‘The state of not to rely on letters’ is to be explained to the public in this post-modern age, when language is no longer a reliable device for meaningful communication. Modern western thoughts, including Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction, have been suggested to solve the traditional communication problem of Buddhism. This paper is written to prove that Jo Oh-Hyun’s zen poetry, which began with the traditional poetic form of Si Jo in the history of Korean literature, can be explained properly with the ideas of modern western thinkers, whose works are explicated here as one of the practical programs to elucidate the achievement of Jo Oh-Hyun’s zen poetry as well as to solve the communication problem of Buddhism. This paper also shows that Korean zen poetry has been adequately updated along with Jo Oh-Hyun’s zen poetry.

Methylene blue microbubbles as a model dual-modality contrast agent for ultrasound and activatable photoacoustic imaging

Jeon, Mansik,Song, Wentao,Huynh, Elizabeth,Kim, Jungho,Kim, Jeesu,Helfield, Brandon L.,Leung, Ben Y. C.,Goertz, David E.,Zheng, Gang,Oh, Jungtaek,Lovell, Jonathan F.,Kim, Chulhong SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engine 2014 Journal of biomedical optics Vol.19 No.1

Ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging are highly complementary modalities since both use ultrasonic detection for operation. Increasingly, photoacoustic and ultrasound have been integrated in terms of hardware instrumentation. To generate a broadly accessible dual-modality contrast agent, we generated microbubbles (a standard ultrasound contrast agent) in a solution of methylene blue (a standard photoacoustic dye). This MB2 solution was formed effectively and was optimized as a dual-modality contrast solution. As microbubble concentration increased (with methylene blue concentration constant), photoacoustic signal was attenuated in the MB2 solution. When methylene blue concentration increased (with microbubble concentration held constant), no ultrasonic interference was observed. Using an MB2 solution that strongly attenuated all photoacoustic signal, high powered ultrasound could be used to burst the microbubbles and dramatically enhance photoacoustic contrast (>800-fold increase), providing a new method for spatiotemporal control of photoacoustic signal generation. (C) 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

The Corner House

Hong Mansik(홍만식),Jeon Inguk(전인국) 현대건축사 2012 (월간)Maru Vol.- No.129

가상현실 기술 시장 및 기술 동향

김만식(Mansik Kim),강정호(Jungho Kang),전문석(Moon-seong Jun) 한국콘텐츠학회 2016 한국콘텐츠학회지 Vol.14 No.4

3D Printer-Based Encapsulated Origami Electronics for Extreme System Stretchability and High Areal Coverage

Jo, Mansik,Bae, Seunghwan,Oh, Injong,Jeong, Ji-hun,Kang, Byungsoo,Hwang, Seok Joon,Lee, Seung S.,Son, Hae Jung,Moon, Byung-Moo,Ko, Min Jae,Lee, Phillip American Chemical Society 2019 ACS NANO Vol.13 No.11

<P>Stretchability and areal coverage of active devices are critical design considerations of stretchable or wearable photovoltaics and photodetections where high areal coverages are required. However, simultaneously maximizing both properties in conventional island-bridge structures through traditional two-dimensional manufacturing processes is difficult due to their inherent trade-offs. Here, a 3D printer-based strategy to achieve extreme system stretchability and high areal coverage through combining fused deposition modeling (FDM) and flexible conductive nanocomposites is reported. Distinguished from typical approaches of using conductive filaments for FDM which have a flexibility dilemma and conductivity trade-offs, the proposed axiomatic approach to embed a two-dimensional silver nanowire percolation network into the surfaces of flexible 3D printed structures offers sufficient conductivity and deformability as well as additional benefits of electrical junction enhancement and encapsulation of silver nanowires. Kirigami/origami-pattern-guided three-dimensional arrangements of encapsulated interconnections provide efficient control over stretchability and areal coverage. The suggested process enables a perovskite solar module with an initial areal coverage of ∼97% to be electrically and mechanically reversible with 400% system stretchability and 25 000% interconnect stretchability under the 1000 cycle test, by folding down or hiding the origami-applied interconnects under the islands. This 3D printing strategy of potentially low cost, large size capabilities, and high speed is promising for highly flexible future energy conversion applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

아파트 실거래가를 기반한 전월세전환율의 영향요인 분석

윤만식(Mansik Yoon),원재웅(Jae Woong Won),김상진(Sang Jin Kim) 한국부동산정책학회 2023 不動産政策硏究 Vol.24 No.1

전월세전환율에 영향을 주는 요인에 대한 이론적 가정 및 선행연구들을 살펴보고 전월세전환율결정요인을 실증적 분석을 실시하였다. 연구대상으로 선정한 지역범위는 아파트 매매, 전세, 월세 거래가 가장 활발한 지역인 강남 3구(서초구, 강남구, 송파구)와 기타 3구(강동구, 양천구, 노원구)이다. 본 연구에서는 전월세전환율 결정요인에 관한 실증적으로 분석하고자 이영수(2008)의 방법론인 변수간 이론적 제약을 바탕으로 둔 SVAR모형을 사용하였다. 전월세전환율의 주요 영향 요인으로는 국고채 3년 수익률, 지역별 전세가율, 부동산시장소비심리지수, 주택담보대출금액 등을 선정하였다. 부동산시장심리지수를 제외한 변수는 전월세전환율에 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 지역별로는 다른 형태로 나타나고 있었는데 기타3구의 전월세전환율이 강남3구의 전월세전환율보다 더 크게 반응하였다. This study examines the theoretical assumptions and previous studies on the factors affecting the conversion rate for Jeonse to Monthly Payment and conducts an empirical analysis of the determinants of the conversion rate for Jeonse to Monthly Payment. The study covers three regions in Seoul of Gangnam (Seocho-gu, Gangnam-gu, and Songpa-gu) and three regions in Seoul (Gangdong-gu, Yangcheon-gu, and Nowon-gu), which are the most active areas for apartment sales, rental, and leasing transactions. In order to empirically analyze the determinants of the conversion rate for Jeonse to Monthly Payment, this study uses the SVAR model based on theoretical constraints between variables, a methodology developed by Lee (2008). The main influencing factors of the conversion rate for Jeonse to Monthly Payment are the 3-year government bond yield, the conversion rate for Jeonse to Monthly Paymentby region, real estate market consumer sentiment index, and mortgage loan amount. The variables except for the real estate market sentiment index had an impact on the sublease conversion rate. By region, the effect was different, with the conversion rate for Jeonse to Monthly Payment in 3 regions (Gangdong-gu, Yangcheon-gu, and Nowon-gu) responding more strongly than in 3 regions (Gangnam (Seocho-gu, Gangnam-gu, and Songpa-gu).